Objective To investigate the role of human leukocyte antigen-G ( HLA-G ) on the invasion and the molecular mechanism involved in this cellular progress in HTR-8/SVneo cell line. Methods There were three groups: groups of transfection, negative control and blank control, which corresponding to treatment by HLA-G specific siRNA, negative siRNA and only lipofectamine 2000 using lipofection technology in HTR-8/SVneo cell line. The efficiency of down-regulated of HLA-G was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis in mRNA and protein level,respectively. Changes of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p-p38MAPK)/p38MAPK protein levels and the cell invasion were respectively detected by western blot analysis and transwell test. Results ( 1 ) The mRNA levels of HLA-G transfection group, negative control group and blank control group were 0. 26 ±0. 08, 0. 71 ±0. 11, 0. 79 ±0. 07, respectively. There was significant difference between transfection group and negative control group ( P ＜ 0. 01 ), while there was no significant difference between negative control group and blank control group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The efficiencies of down-regulated of HLA-G were ( 69. 8 ±6. 3)%, ( 14. 9 ± 2. 2 )%, 0 in transfection group, negative control group and blank control group respectively in mRNA level. (2)In protein levels, HLA-G were 0. 20 ±0. 15, 0. 75 ±0. 12, 0. 76 ±0. 21 in transfection group, negative control group and blank control group, respectively. There was significant difference between transfection group and negative control group ( P ＜ 0. 01 ), whereas there was no significant difference between negative control group and blank control group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The efficiencies of down-regulated of HLA-G were (81. 1 ± 14.4)%, ( 18.0 ± 7.7)%, 0 in transfection group, negative control group and blank control group respectively. ( 3 ) The invasive number of transfection group, negative control group and blank control group were 57 ± 38,364 ± 79 and 260 ± 84, respectively, with a significant difference between transfection group and negative control group (P ＜ 0. 01 ). There was no significant difference between negative control group and blank control group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). ( 4 ) The p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK values of the HLA-G transfection group, negative control group and blank control group were 0. 74 ±0.04, 0. 47 ± 0. 09 and 0. 36 ± 0. 21, respectively. HLA-G transfection group was significantly different compared with the other two groups( P ＜0. 01 ). (5)Without or with SB203580, the p-p38MAPK/ p38MAPK values of the HLA-G transfection group were 0. 89 ± 0. 09 and 0. 16 ± 0. 04, the values of negative control group and blank control group were 0.76 ±0.08, 0. 14 ±0.03 and 0.51 ±0.05, 0.03 ±0.01, respectively. There was significant difference between without SB203580 and with SB203580 ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). (6)Without or with SB203580, the invasive number of transfection group were 51 ± 13 and 90 ± 21 ,respectively,which was significantly different ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The invasive number of negative control group and blank control group were 290 ± 52, 298 ± 33 and 290 ± 73, 264 ± 64, respeczively, which was no significant difference between without SB203580 and with SB203580 (P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusions HLA-G gene may regulate invasion of trophoblast-derived cell line HTR-8/SVneo via p38MAPK signaling pathway. The lower expression of HLA-G in trophoblast cells may lead to the occurrence of pathologic pregnancy.

Objective To study the effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin injection in treatment of type 2 diabetic patients with pulmonary infections. Methods 112 type 2 diabetic patients with pulmonary infections were randomly divided into group CSII and group MSII, and the bacteria, period of normalization of the blood glucose and cure of the pulmonary infections were obseroed. Results Blood glucose of all patients in two groups were reduced significantly. Significant diference was observed in the cure of the pulmonary infections, usage amount of insulin and morbidity of low blood glucose. Conclusion Type 2 diabetic patients with pulmonary infection mellitus were majorly infected by pathogenic G bacteria. CSII was able to control the blood ghcose better,reduce the hospital day and decrease the moroidity of low bleod glucose. CSII was a better of method.

Objective To explore the value of ultrasonographic on fetal limb deformities in prenatal diagnosis by using systemat-ic continuous sequence approach(SCSA) Methods During the period of January 2008 to April 2012 ,SCSA with color doppler ultra-sonography was used to screen 41 460 pregnant women in order to observe the four limbs of the fetus .And compared with the limbs of the fetus after birth or induction of labor .Results There were 99 cases of fetal limb deformities in 41 ,460 pregnancy ,of which 31 cases of femoral abnormalities were found by routine ultrasound ,92 cases of fetal limb deformities were found by SCSA .68 cases of fetal limb deformities were detected by SCSA in 19- <27 weeks of gestation ,accounting for 73 .91% of detection limb deformi-ties .In the 99 cases of fetal limb deformities ,varus feet were the most was (27 cases) ,followed by short limbs deformity (24 cases) , limbs compound malformations(11 cases) ,limb posture abnormalities(10 cases) ,part of the amputation(10 cases) and multiple fin-gers/toes(7 cases) .Conclusion SCSA with color doppler ultrasonography is an effective method for prenata screening of fetal limb deformities .

0.05). The average loss of blood for all groups was 55.0?44.2 ml and of iron 21.4? 15.9 mg, equal to 0.7 mg iron loss daily.

Objective To explore the repair result of full-thickness cartilage defects in diannan small-ear pig by bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transferred with both transforming growth factor-β3(TGF-β3) and bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2) gene mediated by adenovirus vector and combined with deminerized bone matrix (DBM). Methods 32 full-thickness defects from 16 knees of 8 pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups in the experiments. In group A, the animals′ lateral femoral condyle of right knee joint was repaired with DBM and BMSC infected with both Ad-TGF-β3 and Ad-BMP-2. In group B, the medial femoral condyle of right knee joint was repaired with DBM and BMSC without infection. In group C, the lateral femoral condyle of left knee joint was repaired with DBM. And the group D is control group. Morphology and histology were observed 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation. Results 12 weeks after operation, the whole defects were repaired in group A, HE staining showed typical cartilaginous structure in the repaired area. In group D, defects were not repaired but filled with fibrous tissue. The O′driscoll scores were 15.65 ± 0.11 (group A), 11.33 ± 0.22 (group B), 6.13 ± 0.15 (group C) and 5.08 ± 0.15 (group D). There was significant difference among the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions The new type of tissue engineering scaffold that DBM combined with BMSCs transfected with both Ad-BMP-2 and Ad-TGF-β3 could induce cartilage regeneration and repair the defects.

To study the protective mechanism of Dusuqing Granule, a compound Chinese herbal medicine, on the senile multiple organ injury caused by bacterial pneumonia by observing the expression changes of molecules related to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling.

Objective To investigate the morphological characteristics of superior sagittal sinus (SSS) and bridging vein (BrV) with virtual reality (VR) technology and their clinical significances.Methods Forty-three patients with parasagittal meningioma (PSM group) and 21 patients with trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm who had no intracranial venous system diseases (normal group),admitted to our hospital from October 2011 to March 2013,were chosen.The morphological characteristics of SSS and parasagittal BrV of patients from the 2 groups were observed,which was finished in the VR workstation.The number and diameter differences of cortical veins between the 2 groups,and bilatelal side and the first,middle and third 1/3 of SSS of normal group were analyzed.Results Among the patients from the 2 groups,4 having SSS extremity with morphological variation were observed firstly.The direction of BrV entering the SSS mainly was retrograde,which concentrated in the middle and third 1/3 of SSS.There were many directions of BrV entering the SSS in the first 1/3 of SSS,and the direction mostly was perpendicular.In normal group,there were no statistical differences of number and diameter in the bilatelal cortical veins (P＞0.05); in the first,middle and third 1/3 of SSS,there was statistical difference of cortical veins number (P＜0.05),but no difference of diameter (P＞0.05).The number and diameter of cortical veins of PSM group were under the normal group,with statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).With the growth of PSM,violations of SSS and cortical venous gradually aggravated,affecting venous return,which resulted in increase number and complication of collateral veins.Conclusions There is certain variability of SSS and related BrV.The direction of BrV entering the SSS may be associated with intracranial venous system hemodynamic.It is clear and three-dimensional to observe SSS and cortical veins in the help of VR,and to analyze the venous circulation changes caused by PSM.

High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a very complex transient process and can cause tissue coagulation necrosis. The cavitation and boiling behaviour of bubbles in the focal region play very important roles throughout an injury process. This paper reviews the research done by domestic and foreign scholars on behaviours of bubbles in HIFU irradiation process and summarizes in the focal region bubble cavitation and boiling generation, related detective means and relationships with hyperecho, temperature rise of the focus and injury shape.
Biophysical Phenomena ; High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation ; methods ; Humans ; Thermal Conductivity ; Thermodynamics

Objective To evaluate the psychometric properties and the clinical feasibility of Chinese version of the Oxford Knee Score in patients with knee osteoarthritis before total knee arthroplasty.Methods One hundred and fourteen (91 females,23 males) preoperative patients with knee osteoarthritis were recruited.Internal consistency was tested using Cronbach's alpha coefficient,and dimensionality was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis.The correlations between the scale,namely,WOMAC,SF-8 and EQ-5D were used to determine construct validity.The floor and ceiling effects were also examined.Results The scale showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.885) and demonstrated good convergent and divergent validity with the moderate to strong correlations between the scale and WOMAC (r=-0.80),the SF-8 physical component summary (r=0.65),and the EQ-5D usual activities (r=-0.41) and mobility (r=-0.35).Moreover,the strong correlation between the scale and the SF-8 mental component summary (r=0.58),as well as the moderate correlation between the scale and the EQ-5D anxiety/depression (r=-0.35) were observed.Divergent construct validity was supported by weak correlation between the scale and EQ-5D VAS (r=0.30).The exploratory factor analysis yielded three factors with eigenvalues ＞ 1,accounting for 66.02％ of the variance.All items had factor loadings above 0.4.Factor 1 closely relates to physical function,while factor 2 depicts pain associated with knee osteoarthritis.Factor 3 had only one item (item 8),reflecting the patient's sleep problems.No sign of floor or ceiling effect was found.Conclusion Chinese version of the Oxford Knee Score is proven to be a reliable,valid scale for knee osteoarthritis patients before total knee arthroplasty.

Objective:To compare the long-term oncological outcomes between laparoscopic and abdominal surgery in stage Ⅰa1 （lymph-vascular space invasion-positive, LVSI +）- Ⅰb1 cervical cancer patients with different tumor sizes. Methods:Based on the Big Database of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Cervical Cancer in China (1538 project database), patients with stage Ⅰa1 （LVSI +）-Ⅰb1 cervical cancer who treated by laparoscopic or abdominal surgery were included. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) between the two surgical approaches were compared under 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM) in different tumor diameter stratification. Results:(1) A total of 4 891 patients with stage Ⅰa1 （LVSI +）-Ⅰb1 cervical cancer who underwent laparoscopy or laparotomy from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2016 were included in the 1538 project database. Among them, 1 926 cases in the laparoscopic group and 2 965 cases in the abdominal group. There were no difference in 5-year OS and 5-year DFS between the two groups before matching. Cox multivariate analysis suggested that laparoscopic surgery was associated with lower 5-year DFS ( HR=1.367, 95% CI: 1.105-1.690, P=0.004). After 1∶1 PSM matching, 1 864 patients were included in each group, and there was no difference in 5-year OS between the two groups （94.1% vs 95.4%, P=0.151）. While, the inferior 5-year DFS was observed in the laparoscopic group (89.0% vs 92.3%, P=0.004). And the laparoscopic surgery was associated with lower 5-year DFS ( HR=1.420, 95% CI: 1.109-1.818, P=0.006). (2) In stratification analysis of different tumor sizes, and there were no difference in 5-year OS and 5-year DFS between the laparoscopic group and abdominal group in tumor size ≤1 cm, >1-2 cm and >2-3 cm stratification (all P>0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that laparoscopic surgery were not related to 5-year OS and 5-year DFS ( P>0.05). In the stratification of tumor size >3-4 cm, there was no difference in 5-year OS between the two groups ( P>0.05). The 5-year DFS in the laparoscopic group was worse than that in the abdominal group (75.7% vs 85.8%, P=0.025). Cox multivariate analysis suggested that laparoscopic surgery was associated with lower 5-year DFS ( HR=1.705, 95% CI: 1.088-2.674, P=0.020). Conclusions:For patients with stage Ⅰa1 （LVSI +）-Ⅰb1 cervical cancer, laparoscopic surgery is associated with lower 5-year DFS, and the adverse effect of laparoscopic surgery on oncology prognosis is mainly reflected in patients with tumor size >3-4 cm. For patients with tumor sizes ≤1 cm, >1-2 cm and >2-3 cm, there are no difference in oncological prognosis between the two surgical approaches.