Objective To investigate the antihyperglycemic effect and the most effective com-ponent of Momordica charantia L. and its mechanism. Method Water-extracted and alkali-extracted Momordica charantia L. polysaccharides with different molecular weight on streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus mice were carried out. The antihyperglycemic mechanism was preliminarily analyzed. Results Alkali-extracted Momordica charantia L. polysaccharides could lower blood sugar,improve glucose tolerance and increase the content of hepatic glycogen significantly at the dose of both 200 and 400mg/kg bw. The content of fructosamine was also lowered. Conclusion The component of alkali extracted Momordica charantia L polysacchaides with maximal molecular weight possessed the best antihyperglycemic effect.

Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus(GEFS+)is a familial in herited epileptic syndrome characterized by phenotypic heterogeneity from the mi lder febrile seizures to the severest epileptic encephalopathy such as severe my oclonic epilepsy in infancy(SMEI).GEFS+ is a disorder with a genetic heterogen eity.Molecular genetics have revealed that four genes are associated with the p athogenesis of GEFS+.These include mutations in genes encoding subunits of neur onal voltage-gated sodium channels(SCN1A,SCN1B,SCN2A)and ?2 subunit of the gamma amino-butyric acid(GABA)A receptor(GABRG2).These genes have be en confir med as having a role in autosomal dominant GEFS+ families.In addition,the phen otypes of the affected members may depend on the types and locations of these ge ne mutations.This review states the molecular genetic progress of GEFS+ in brie f.

Objective To investigate the relationship between care need and quality of life of community hypertensive patients.Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to investigate 456community hypertensive patients using patients general information questionnaire,the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF (WHOQOL-BREF)and community patients care needs questionnaire and the results underwent analysis.Results The care needs of the community hypertensive patients were at a medium level,all areas of quality of life were lower than the norm.Quality of life and care needs were negatively correlated.Conclusions The staff should assess the care needs of the community hypertensive patients,supply patient-oriented community nursing service,and take measures to improve quality of life of the community hypertensive patients.

Objective To detect the expression of TRIM24 in uroepithelium cell carcinoma of bladder(BUCC)and analyze the relationship be?tween its expression and clinical pathological factors. Methods Immunohistochemical methods were employed to evaluate protein level of TRIM24 in BUCC. Results TRIM24 expression was observed in the nuclear compartments of tumor cells,while normal epithelia of bladder tissues exhibited negative results. For 72 BUCC tissues,TRIM24 overexpression(score≥4)was observed in 41.6%of cases(30/72). TRIM24 expression correlat?ed with invasive depth(P=0.029)and patients with high TRIM24 expression had high grade of BUCC(P=0.043). Conclusion There was sig?nificant over expression of TRIM24 in BUCC,which was correlated with poor differentiation and high grade of BUCC. It may become a candidate tar?get gene for the treatment of human uroepithelium cell carcinoma of bladder.

Objective:To study the preparation of total leaves saponins of panax notoginseng liposomal gels and evaluate the quali-ty. Methods:The total leaves saponins of panax notoginseng liposomes were prepared by the film-dispersion method, and the formula was optimized by the orthogonal experimental design. A high-speed centrifugation method was applied to determine the encapsulation efficiency used as the evaluation index for the optimization of the preparation process. Then the gels were prepared and an HPLC meth-od was used to determine the content of ginsenoside Rb3 . The stability was preliminarily studied as well. Results:The preparation was semi-solid, and viscous gels with low skin irritation and good stability. The quality was accordance with the relevant provisions in Chi-nese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). Conclusion: The gels are with the properties of simple preparation process, reliable detection methods and stable and controllable quality.

Objective:To investigate the expression of apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ( ApoA-Ⅰ) in eight histo-logical types of renal neoplasms and to explore a new biomarker for differential diagnosis .Methods:The immunochemistry was used to detect the expression of ApoA-Ⅰ in 23 cases of renal tumors , including clear cell carcinoma , papillary cell carcinoma , chromophobe cell carcinoma , oncocytoma , multilocular cystic carcinoma , renal pelvis invasive urothelial carcinoma , metanephric adenoma and collecting ducts carcinoma.Five cases of cancer-adjacent normal tissues were obtained from another five renal tumor pa-tients and were chosen as control group .Results: In the 23 cases of renal tumors , ApoA-Ⅰ was ex-pressed in 21 cases(positive rate was 91.3%).There were only two in five cases of normal tissues which expressed this protein ( positive rate was 40 .0%) .A significant differentiation was observed between the two groups(Z=-2.829,P=0.003).In renal clear cell carcinoma(RCC), ApoA-Ⅰ expression level was correlated with the grade and stage of tumor tissues .ApoA-Ⅰ was stained much more stronger in RCCⅡ-Ⅲ than in RCCⅠ( Z=-2.070,P=0.038).In various histological types of renal cancer , ApoA-Ⅰwas all expressed to some degrees .Conclusion:ApoA-Ⅰcan be chosen as a tumor biomarker to differentiate various histological types of renal neoplasms .

[Objective] To study the clinical significance of the changes of 100 cases C-reactive protein(CRP)values and erythrocyte sedimentation rates(ESR)in patients with primary osteoarthritis before and after total hip and total knee replacement.[Method] A prospective study was designed to observe the changes of CRP leves and ESR in patients with primary osteoarthritis before and at 1~7 days,2 weeks,1,2,3,6,12 months after total hip and total knee arthroplasty.Ninty-two cases received follow-up.There are 35 males and 57 females with average of 64.7 years,ranging from 37 to 92 years.Sixteen had cementless total hip replacement(THR),32 had hybrid THR,7 had cemented THR and 37 underwent cemented to tal knee replacement(TKR).[Result]In both groups serum CRP level increased rapidly after surgery,peaking at day 2(THR 216.7 mg/L,TKR 257.3 mg/L),and dropping gradually to pre-operative values at the end of the first month in THR patients and at the end of the second month in TKR patients.ESR peaked at day 5 and 6 respectively after operation in THR and TKR patients(THR 93.2 mm/h,TKR 95.7 mm/h),dropping to pre-operative values at the end of the third month in THR patients and at the end of the ninth month in TKR patients.[Conclusion]Serum CRP levels changed more rapidly than ESR and returned to normal more rapidly.CRP and ESR values tended to be higher in TKR than in THR patients.CRP can reflect the status of inflammation.Dynamic observation can help diagnoze early infection.

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for prevention and control of nosocomial infection based on the(investigation) of the distribution characteristics of nosocomial infection bacteria and analysis of their antibiotic-(resistance) in wards of gerontologic disease.METHODS The bacteria from specimens of Department of(Gerontology) were cultured and identified,and then antibiotic susceptibility tests were done.These nosocomial(infection) cases judged by the department of nosocomial infection control according to the diagnostic criterion of nosocomial(infection) were analyzed.RESULTS The incidences of nosocomial infection of Department of(Gerontology) were higher in respiratory system,urinary catheter and gastrointestinal tract.A total of 223 strains of pathogens were from(nosocomial) infection and the most commonly encountered pathogens of them were Candida albicans,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Escherichia coli.The results of antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that pathogens from nosocomial infection in Department of Gerontology were sensitive to such antibiotics as imipenem,meropenem and polymyxin(98 %), their drug-resistance to the other common antibiotics was very severe.CONCLUSIONS(Possible) measures to reduce nosocomial infection are to strengthen hospital management,reinforce disinfection and sterilization,reasonably use antibiotics,cure the underlying diseases, and shorten(hospital) stay.

Background Horizontal sulcus-to-sulcus (STS) and white-to-white diameter are important parameters for designing the proper size of collamer implantable contact lens (ICL).Inappropriate size of ICL may induce the complications postoperatively.Several previous studies compare horizontal STS and white-to-white diameter in normal eyes have been reported,but seldom in high myopic eyes.Objective This study was to investigate the discrepancy of STS diameters in 4 axes and analyze the relationship between horizontal STS diameter and white-towhite diameter in high myopia eyes.Methods The STS diameters in 4 axes (45,90,135 and 180 degrees) and the white-to-white diameters were measured in 48 eyes of 26 high myopia patients using the 50 MHz ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM),the Orbscan-Ⅱ topography system,and the IOL Master,respectively.The mean spherical was (-12.93±3.87) diopters (D) (-8 to-20 D).Statistical evaluation was performed using the one-way ANOVA for comparison of measurement.The agreement of three devices was assessed using the Bland and Altman method.Results The mean STS diameter at 45,90,135 and 180 degrees was (12.06±0.50) mm,(12.27±0.50)mm,(12.03±0.46) mm and (11.84±0.47)mm,respectively.The 90 degree STS was significantly larger than other STS diameters (all at P＜0.05).The 180 degrees STS was significantly shorter than other STS diameters (all at P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference between 45 degree STS and 135 degree STS (P=0.817).The mean WTW was (11.56±0.40) mm with Orbscan Ⅱ z topography system and (11.98±0.41) mm with IOLMaster.The WTW measured with Orbscan Ⅱ z was significantly shorter than the 180 degrees STS (t =-4.384,P =0.000).The WTW measured with IOLMaster was significantly larger than the 180 degrees STS (t =2.368,P =0.000).Bland-Altman analysis showed not very well agreement for measurements of WTW,STS between Orbscan Ⅱz and UBM,IOLMaster and UBM,Orbscan Ⅱ z and IOLMaster,the width of 95％ confidence interval (CI) were-0.57 to 1.12 mm,-0.96 to 0.67 mm,-0.73 to-0.13 mm,respectively.Conclusions The STS diameters in 4 different axes are not identical with each other in high myopia eyes.The longest STS is in the vertical meridian,the shortest STS is in the horizontal meridian.The WTW diameter measured with both Orbscan Ⅱ z and IOLMaster are not precise for calculating the horizontal STS in high myopia eyes.Three instruments cannot be interchanged for calculating the size of ICL.

Objective To explore the predicting value of peripheral blood CD20+ CD24hi CD38hi regulatory B cells (Bregs) on the prognosis of elderly patients with sepsis.Methods A prospective study was conducted. Septic patients aged > 65 years old, compliance with diagnostic criteria for Sepsis-3, admitted to emergency and emergency intensive care unit (ICU) of Shanghai East Hospital of Tongji University from April 2016 to February 2017 were enrolled. Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reaction protein (CRP) and lactate (Lac) were routinely measured. According to the worst clinical index value within 24 hours, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were recorded. The concentrations of peripheral blood CD20+ CD24hi CD38hi Bregs were measured by flow cytometry at 1, 3 and 7 days after diagnosed in elderly patients. All patients with sepsis were followed up for 28 days and then divided into death group and survival group according to 28-day outcome. The difference of clinic data and Bregs were compared between the two groups. The significant different factors of elderly sepsis patients were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. The correlation between Bregs level and other indicators was analyzed by Spearman correlation. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the prognosis value of Bregs in elderly patients with sepsis.Results Fifty-eight patients were enrolled in the study, with 38 male and 20 female; age of (79.91±7.97) years; 32 in sepsis group, 26 in septic shock group; 35 deaths, 28-day mortality rate was 60.3%. APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score in death group exhibited much higher than that in survival group (APACHE Ⅱ: 18.14±4.52 vs. 14.91±3.56, SOFA: 8.80±4.56 vs. 6.35±3.00, bothP < 0.05), the Bregs was significantly decreased at 1, 3 and 7 days in death group [cells/μL: 0.70 (0.20, 1.40) vs. 1.50 (0.70, 2.20), 0.54 (0.20, 1.00) vs. 1.42 (1.10, 2.12), 0.25 (0.10, 0.50) vs. 0.80 (0.50, 1.00), allP < 0.05]. Correlation analysis showed that the concentrations of peripheral blood Bregs at 1 day in elderly patients with sepsis was negatively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score (r = -0.351,P = 0.007), and it was not correlated with PCT, CRP, Lac or SOFA score. It was shown by binary logistic regression that Bregs [odds ratio (OR) = 1.865,P = 0.028] and APACHE Ⅱ score (OR = 0.853,P = 0.026) were independent risk factors for elderly sepsis outcome. It was shown by ROC curve analysis that the prognostic value of the levels of Bregs at 1, 3, 7 days and APACHE Ⅱ score were higher in the elderly patients with sepsis, and the area under ROC curve (AUC) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were 0.842 (0.647-0.954), 0.770 (0.564-0.911), 0.888 (0.703-0.977), 0.855 (0.661-0.961), respectively, allP < 0.01. The 7-day Bregs was most powerful to predict outcome, when the cut-off value was 0.50 cells/μL, the sensitivity was 72.73% and specificity was 86.67%. Conclusions The level of peripheral blood CD20+ CD24hi CD38hi Bregs could predict the clinical outcome of elderly patients with sepsis.