Objective To explore the correlation of bone mineral density (BMD) with levels of N-terminal osteocalcin (N-MID),total collagen type 1 amino-terminal extension peptide,β-collagen special sequence (β-CTX),25-hydroxy vitamin D [25 (OH) D3] and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.Methods 116 elderly postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes were divided into 3 groups according to BMD level:normal group (n=29),osteopenic group (n=49) and osteoporosis group (n=38).Body height,weight,body mass index (BMI) were measured.Fasting blood glucose (FBG),2-hour postprandial glucose (PPG),glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc),24-hour urinary protein (UPro) and levels of N-MID,T-P1NP,β-CTX,25(OH)D3 and IGF-1 were determined.General informations and bone metabolic markers were statistically analyzed and compared between the 3 groups.Results There were no significant differences in levels of FBG,PPG,HbA1c,25(OH)D3 and duration between the 3 groups (all P＞0.05).For the comparison of normal group with osteopenic and osteoporosis groups,BMI and IGF-1 levels were decreased (both P＜0.05) ; T-P1NP and N-MID levels were decreased [(19.85 ± 2.83)μg/Lvs.(12.23±2.75) μg/L,(9.16±2.86) μg/L; (7.12±2.05) μg/Lvs.(5.06±2.38) μg/L,(4.92±2.12) μg/L,all P＜0.05]; 24 h urine protein was increased (P＜0.05); β-CTX level was increased [(1.32±0.38) μg/Lvs.(1.97±0.58) μg/L,(2.14±0.73) μg/L,P＜0.05].Logistic regression analysis showed that BMD was positively correlated with total collagen type 1 aminoterminal extension peptide,IGF-1,25(OH)D3,N MID and BMI (r=0.351,0.217,0.213,0.273,0.203,respectively,P＜0.01 or 0.05),and BMD was negatively correlated with β-CTX and urinary protein levels (r =-0.236 and-0.216,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Osteopenia or osteoporosis occurs more often in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.The change of BMD is closely related with bone metabolism markers and IGF 1 level.Routine tests and early prevention can avoid fracture in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.

Objective To investigate the effect of blood glucose level on pulmonary diffusion capacity in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and its clinical significance.Methods Totally 132 older adults with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in this study.According to blood glucose level,the patients were divided into well-controlled group (n =57) and poor controlled group (n =75).Additionally,52 age-matched non-diabetic healthy subjects were selected as control group.Levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),fasting insulin (FINS) and 2-hour postprandial glucose (2h PG) in the diabetic patients were detected,and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) was calculated.The patients with type 2 diabetes underwent urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) detection,fundus examination and nerve conduction velocity test.pulmonary ventilation,diffusion of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and DLCO corrected by alveolar volume (DLCO/VA) were examined in all subjects.Results Levels of FBG,2h PG,HbA1c and HOMA-IR were higher in poor-controlled group than in good glycemicwell-controlled group (all P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,body mass index (BMI) was increased in diabetic groups (both P＜0.05).The pulmonary ventilation function in the three groups had no significant differences (P＞0.05).DLCO and DLCO/VA were lower in diabetic groups than in the control group(all P＜0.05).DLCO and DLCO/VA in poor-controlled group were lower than those in well controlled group (both P＜0.05).DLCO and DLCO/VA were lower in patients with microangiopathy score ≥ 2 than those without microangiopathy (both P ＜ 0.05).Multiple liner regression analysis showed that DCLO and DLCO/VA were negatively correlated with HbA1c,HOMA-IR,duration of diabetes and microangiopathy (r=-2.51,-2.35,-2.42,-2.37,-2.41,-2.52,-2.47,-2.36,all P＜0.05).Conclusions The pulmonary diffusion capacity is significantly impaired in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Pulmonary diffusion capacity is negatively correlated with the blood glucose level.The lung may be one of the target organs of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To observe the changes of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in plasma and the correlation of ANP and BNP with hemodynamic parameters in patients with sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation after percutanous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV). Methods Thirty-six patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis undergoing first time successful PBMV were enrolled in the study. Among a total of 36 patients, 11 were in sinus rhythm (SR group) and 25 had atrial fibrillation (Af group). The levels of ANP and BNP were assayed before and at 1 day and 3 days after the procedure. Hemodynamic parameters were measured by echocardiography and left atrial pressure (LAP) and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) were assessed instantly by cardiac catheter before and after PBMV. Results After PBMV,the ANP levels gradually decreased (216.09?73.84 pg/mL; 188.70?59.22 pg/mL; 140.70?41.53 pg/mL, respectively, before, at one day and three days after procedure, P

Objective To investigate the relationship between occult pancreaticobiliary reflux (OPR) and biliary diseases.Methods Forty-four patients with primary biliary diseases was enrolled,and serum amylase level was determined,and the bile in common bile duct (CBD) was collected to measure the amylase level,then the △ amylase was calculated,which equals bile amylase level minus serum amylase level.OPR was confirmed if bile amylase level was higher than serum amylase level,otherwise it would be defined as the control group.Results Among the 44 patients with primary biliary diseases,the incidence of OPR was 72.7％ (n =32).The bile and serum amylase activity of patients with OPR were (1 513 ± 2 725),(44 ± 21)U/L;and they were (18 ± 14) and (38 ± 17) U/L in the control group.The bile amylase level in OPR group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference in serum amylase activity between the two groups.The incidence of OPR in patients with CBD stones was 100％,and the bile amylase activity was (1 048 ± 1 317) IU/L,and the △ bile amylase activity was (996 ± 1 322) U/L;the incidence of OPR in patients with choledocholithiasis and cholecystolithiasis was 75％,and the bile amylase activity was (2 457 ± 3 312),the △ amylase activity was (2 412 ± 3 320)IU/L;and the corresponding values in patients with gallbladder stones were 80％,(95 ± 82),(57 ± 76)IU/L;and the corresponding values in patients with bile duct cancer were 50％,(73 ± 51),(40 ± 37)U/L.Conclusions The occurrence of OPR is closely related to CBD stones only,CBD stones and gallbladder stones,and it may be one of the main pathogenic factors of bile duct stones.

Objective To investigate the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding human leukocyte antigen-G ( HLA-G) and the genetic susceptibility to high risk human papillomavirus ( HPV) type 18 infection in the subjects from Taizhou, Zhejiang province. Methods The genetic polymorphisms of HLA-G gene (14 bp In/Del and +3142C/G) in cervical samples collected from HPV 18-positive and healthy women were analyzed by PCR and gene sequencing technology. Statistical anal-ysis was performed by using SPSS version 16. 0. Chi-squared test was used to analyze the differences with HLA-G gene allele and genotype frequencies between healthy subjects and patients. Results Compared with healthy subjects, women with oncogenic HPV18 infection showed lower frequencies of -14 bp allele,-14 bp/-14 bp genotype and -14 bp/+3142C haplotype (P<0. 05). Moreover, lower frequencies of+3142C/C genotype were detected in HPV18-infected women with pathologically normal cervix (6. 3% vs 21. 1%, OR=0. 25, P<0. 05) and higher percentages of +3142G/G genotype were detected in women with CIN2/3 stage HPV18 infection as compared with those of the control group (68. 8% vs 35. 1%, OR=4. 06, P<0. 05). Conclusion The HLA-G gene 3′ UTR polymorphisms were closely associated with HPV18 in-fection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Objective · To observe the effects of custom made fiber posts on the fracture resistance of young permanent teeth treated with calcium hydroxide for different time. Methods · Forty-five extracted human young permanent teeth (premolar) were selected and randomly assigned to 9 groups.One group was the control group and the rest 8 groups were treated with conventional root canal preparation. Of these 8 groups, 4 groups (F Ⅰ , F Ⅲ , F Ⅵ ,FⅨ ) were restored by custom made fiber posts after being treated with calcium hydroxide for 1, 3, 6, and 9 months respectively, and other 4 groups (C Ⅰ ,CⅢ , C Ⅵ , C Ⅸ ) were not restored by custom made fiber posts. All samples underwent fracture strength tests and their fracture modes were analyzed for the possibility of second repair. Results · The fracture load was decreased with the treatment time after being treated with calcium hydroxide for 1 month (P<0.01). The fracture loads in groups restored by custom made fiber posts were increased after being treated with calcium hydroxide for 6 and 9 months (P<0.05, P<0.01). After being treated with calcium hydroxide for 1 month, groups restored by custom made fiber posts were likely to have fracture modes that facilitate the second repair as compared with groups not restored by custom made fiber posts (P<0.05). Conclusion · The restoration by custom made fiber posts can increase the fracture resistance of young permanent teeth treated with calcium hydroxide for medium and long term ( ≥ 1 month).

Objective To investigate the inhibition rate of cell proliferation, cell apoptosis rate and their effects on the cell cycle proceeding of the SSMC7721 cell line when 5-FU combined with thermotherapy is induced into the cells, and then provide theoretical bases to the combined therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods The inhibition rate of cell proliferation was detected by the MTT under different conditions, the cell cycle proceeding and the cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry and the subcellular structure was detected by the electronmicroscope. Results The cell inhibition rate of the thermotherapy group, 5-FU group and the combinedgroup were 18.4% ,28. 3% and 52. 7% ,respectively. The inhibition rates in the latter two groups were significantly different to the thermotherapy group. The results of flow cytometry showed that the cell numbers increased in G1 stage decreased in S stage,and increased in G2/M stage;the cell apoptosis rate increased. There was significant difference between different groups(P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜0.05). The results of the electronmicroscop showed that the nuclear chromatins agglutinated in the borderline and the mitochondriums became swelled. Conclusions The 5-FU combined with thermotherapy could significantly improve the inhibition rate of cell proliferation, inhibit the cell cycle proceeding from G1 stage to S stage, and induce cells apoptosis and change the subcellular structures in the SSMC7721 cell line.

Objective To analyze the clinical and electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics as well as its evolutionary process of Dravet syndrome (DS) in order to improve early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.Methods Fifty patients with DS were studied including onset age, trigger factors, seizure types on different age stages and relationship with EEG characteristics and its evolution process.Results The average age of seizure onset was ( 5.5 ± 1.9 ) months.The fever sensitivity continuously existed in the entire course of disease.In the early stage, generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and focal or unilateral seizures were main types.Multi seizure types included myoclonic seizures (MS) and atypical absence occurred later.The onset ages of MS were average (M50) of 16 months.MS never occurred in 26% of the patients.During the first year of life, EEGs were normal in 76% of these patients.The epileptiform discharges only recorded in about 50% of the patients in spite of multi seizure types had presented.After three years ago, both EEG background abnormalities and discharges occurred in more 90% of the all patients.Photosensitivity response with MS occurred in the 28% of 18 patients.Conclusions The clinical and EEG are not parallel progressively process in early stage of DS.The children often express more severe clinical seizures than EEG abnormalities until 2 years of age.Various abnormal EEG manifestation obviously display gradually after 3 years age.Precise recognizing with the clinical and EEG characteristics of DS will help get correct early diagnosis and screen the candidate cases to test SCN1A gene.

【Objective】To construct the c-myb antisense RNA recombinant retroviral vector and its packaging cell line.【Methods】The segment of c-myb gene was cloned into pUC19 with TA cloning method after amplication by RT-PCR,and then was subcloned into retroviral vector pDOR.The recombinant retroviral vector named pDOR-myb was transfected into retroviral package cell line PA317 after selection with G418.【Results】Sequencing data indicated that the c-myb gene was exactly identical to the sequence in the GenBank.The segment of c-myb gene was inserted directionally into pDOR.Resistant colonies were obtained and the titers of pDOR-myb were 5.2×104～9.5×104 CFU/mL.【Conclusion】The recombinant retroviral vector containing c-myb gene is successfully constructed and its packaging cell line PA317/pDOR-myb was established.

This study aims to investigate the effect of total flavones of Fructus Chorspondiatis (TFFC) on the mRNA and protein expression of collagen type I and III of rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) induced by angiotensin II (Ang II), and explore its anti-myocardial fibrosis molecular mechanism. Neonatal rat CFs were prepared from Sprague-Dawley rats (1-3 d after birth). The expression of collagen type I and III mRNA and protein were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The study showed that stimulation of neonatal rat CFs with 100 nmol.L-1 of Ang II for 72 h resulted in a significant increase of the expression of collagen type I and III mRNA and protein. The changes on the expression level were blocked by TFFC. The results demonstrated that TFFC can inhibit myocardial fibrosis induced by Ang II in rats, which is probably associated with the collagen type I and III mRNA and protein levels up-regulated by Ang II, and TFFC was shown to decrease the expression levels of collagen type I and III mRNA and protein.