Objective:To investigate the expression of apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ( ApoA-Ⅰ) in eight histo-logical types of renal neoplasms and to explore a new biomarker for differential diagnosis .Methods:The immunochemistry was used to detect the expression of ApoA-Ⅰ in 23 cases of renal tumors , including clear cell carcinoma , papillary cell carcinoma , chromophobe cell carcinoma , oncocytoma , multilocular cystic carcinoma , renal pelvis invasive urothelial carcinoma , metanephric adenoma and collecting ducts carcinoma.Five cases of cancer-adjacent normal tissues were obtained from another five renal tumor pa-tients and were chosen as control group .Results: In the 23 cases of renal tumors , ApoA-Ⅰ was ex-pressed in 21 cases(positive rate was 91.3%).There were only two in five cases of normal tissues which expressed this protein ( positive rate was 40 .0%) .A significant differentiation was observed between the two groups(Z=-2.829,P=0.003).In renal clear cell carcinoma(RCC), ApoA-Ⅰ expression level was correlated with the grade and stage of tumor tissues .ApoA-Ⅰ was stained much more stronger in RCCⅡ-Ⅲ than in RCCⅠ( Z=-2.070,P=0.038).In various histological types of renal cancer , ApoA-Ⅰwas all expressed to some degrees .Conclusion:ApoA-Ⅰcan be chosen as a tumor biomarker to differentiate various histological types of renal neoplasms .

Objective To investigate and analyze the status of psychological stress and career maturity of nursing postgraduates to study the relationship between psychological stress and career maturity. Methods A total of 556 full-time postgraduates were chosen as the research objects, the psychological stress and career maturity questionnaires of the postgraduates were used for the self-assessment survey analysis of the status of psychological stress and career maturity of 6 different colleges and universitiespostgraduates. SPSS17.0 was conducted to sort and analyze data. Results The status of investigation: the total score of career maturity of the postgraduates was 66.50 ± 9.80, average score for 2.02±0.30, and professional self-knowledge score was significantly higher in 9 dimensions. The total score of psychological stress was 101.50±14.37, average score for 3.17±0.45, and professional development in 8 dimensions was under the most pressure.The analysis of influence factors: the factors of career maturity including , professional attitude, professional orientation and planning and scientific research consciousness (F=4.988, F=8.087, F=4.573, P < 0.05);the factors of psychological stress including native place, professional attitude, professional orientation and planning (t=6.020, F=3.518, F=7.913, P<0.05). There was a negative correlation relationship between psychological stress and career maturity of the postgraduates(r=-0.208, P < 0.05). Conclusions The level of career maturity is low, and there is moderate psychological pressure of the postgraduates. The results show that the level of career maturity can be negative predict by psychological stress. Under the guidance of professional competence to strengthen the overall quality of training can effectively relieve the negative impact of psychological stress on career maturity.

Objective To detect the expression of MAGE-A9 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to investigate the association between expression of MAGE-A9 and the clinicopathological characteristics of HCC.Methods Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), one-step quantitative-PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods were performed to characterize the expression of MAGE-A9 in HCC cell lines and tissues.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were employed to evaluate the prognosis of 100 HCC patients.Results The expression of MAGE-A9 mRNA in HCC (4.44±0.342) was significantly higher than that in non-cancerous cells and tissues (1.73±0.178) (P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of the MAGE-A9 protein in HCC was related to the pathological grade (P =0.003), portal vein invasion (P =0.001), distant metastasis (P =0.022) and TNM stage (P =0.005).Cox regression analysis revealed that MAGE-A9 expression is an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (P =0.006) and overall survival (P =0.022).Conclusion MAGE-A9 is a valuable prognostic biomarker for HCC patients, and its high expression suggests unfavorable survival outcomes in HCC patients.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of intranasal administration of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged rats.Methods:Forty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes, aged 21-23 months, weighing 480-600 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=10 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group S), operation group (group O), intranasal administration of low-dose GDNF group (group G1) and intranasal administration of high-dose GDNF group (group G2). Rats underwent exploratory laparotomy under anesthesia with chloral hydrate in O, G1 and G2 groups, while the rats in group S only received sham operation.The rats in group G1 and group G2 were intranasally treated with GDNF 25 and 50 μg (in 25 μl of PBS), respectively, and PBS 25 μl was nasally administered in group S and group O every day for 3 consecutive days after operation or sham operation.Morris water maze test was performed on days 3-7 after surgery, and then the rats were sacrificed, and hippocampal tissues were removed for determination of the expression of GDNF, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), activated caspase-3 and Bax (by Western blot). Results:Compared with group S, the escape latency was significantly prolonged on days 5-7 after operation, the number of crossing the platform was reduced, time spent in the target quadrant was shortened, expression of GDNF was down-regulated, and expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, HMGB1, activated caspase-3 and Bax in hippocampi was up-regulated in group O, and the number of crossing the platform was reduced, time spent in the target quadrant was shortened, and expression of IL-1β and TNF-α was up-regulated in G1 and G2 groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group O, the escape latency was significantly shortened on days 5-7 after operation, the number of crossing the platform was increased, time spent in the target quadrant was prolonged, expression of GDNF was up-regulated, expression of TNF-α, HMGB1, activated caspase-3 and Bax in hippocampi was down-regulated in G1 and G2 groups, and IL-1β in hippocampi was down-regulated in group G1 ( P<0.05). Compared with group G1, the expression of TNF-α in hippocampi was down-regulated ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the other parameters mentioned above in group G2 ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Intranasal administration of GDNF can improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and the mechanism may be related to inhibiting neuroinflammatory responses and neuroapoptosis in aged rats.

Objective To understand nurses'perceived transformational leadership behaviors of head nurses, and to survey the status quo of transformational leadership behaviors of head nurses and nurses' performance for goal attainment, to explore the relationship between transformational leadership behaviors of head nurses and nurses'performance for goal attainment. Methods A total of 450 clinical nurses from six 3A hospitals were chosen as the research objects, the nurse general information questionnaire, the transformational leadership questionnaire and nurse's performance for goal attainment scale were used to analyze the status. SPSS17.0 was conducted to sort and analyze data. Results (1)The total score of nurses' perceived transformational leadership behaviors of head nurses was 114.74 ± 18.66,and moral modeling score was significantly higher in 4 dimensions. The total score of nurses'performance for goal attainment was 172.87 ± 25.96, autonomous decision-making score was significantly higher in 7 dimensions.(2)There was a positive correlation relationship between transformational leadership behaviors and each dimension of nurses'performance for goal attainment (r=0.393, P<0.01). Conclusions The results show that the nurses'performance for goal attainment can be positive predict by transformational leadership behaviors. Nursing managers should fully play the positive role of transformational leadership behavior so as to improve nurses'performance for goal attainment.

Objective:To investigate the effects of vagus nerve stimulation on postoperative cognitive dysfunction and the role of hippocampal insulin growth factor 1 signaling pathway in aged mice.Methods:Seventy-five clean-grade C57 mice of both sexes, aged 21-23 months, weighing 28-34 g, were divided into 5 groups ( n=15 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group S), operation group (group O), operation + vagus nerve stimulation group (group O+ V), operation + IGF-1 siRNA group (group O+ I) and operation + vagus nerve stimulation + IGF-1 siRNA group (group O+ V+ I). Group O underwent exploratory laparotomy.Group O+ V received a 30-min electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve (intensity 0.5 mA, frequency 20 Hz, time 30 s, 6 times, interval 5 min) after the end of exploratory laparotomy.Group O+ I underwent exploratory laparotomy and inhaled IGF-1 siRNA solution 10 μl intranasally at 24 h before surgery and 24 and 48 h after surgery.Group O+ V+ I underwent electrical vagus nerve stimulation after exploratory laparotomy and inhaled IGF-1 siRNA solution 10 μl intranasally at 24 h before surgery and 24 and 48 h after surgery.Morris water maze tests were performed on 14-18 days after operation.On day 7 after operation, the mice were sacrificed and the hippocampus was obtained for determination of the expression of Bax, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), phosphorylated IGF1R (p-IGF1R), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and activated caspase-3 by Western blot. Results:Compared with group S, the escape latency was significantly prolonged on days 16-18 after operation, the frequency of crossing the platform was reduced, the time spent in the target quadrant was shortened, the expression of IGF-1 and p-IGF1R was down-regulated, and the expression of Iba-1, IL-1β, activated caspase-3 and Bax was up-regulated in group O ( P<0.05). Compared with group O, the escape latency was significantly shortened on days 16-18 after operation, the frequency of crossing the platform was increased, the time spent in the target quadrant was prolonged, the expression of IGF-1 and p-IGF1R was up-regulated, and the expression of Iba-1, IL-1β, activated caspase-3 and Bax was down-regulated in group O+ V ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group O+ I ( P>0.05). Compared with group O+ V, the escape latency was significantly prolonged on days 16-18 after operation, the frequency of crossing the platform was reduced, the time spent in the target quadrant was shortened, the expression of IGF-1 and p-IGF1R was down-regulated, and the expression of Iba-1, IL-1β, activated caspase-3 and Bax was up-regulated in group O+ V+ I ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of IGF1R among the four groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Vagus nerve stimulation can reduce postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and the mechanism is related to activation of IGF-1 signaling pathway and reduction of hippocampal neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis in aged mice.

Non-infectious uveitis, an autoimmune disease that can cause severe visual impairment, can be difficult to treat. According to the prevailing hypothesis, the immune-mediated imbalance that contributes to non-infectious uveitis is primarily driven by CD4+T cells. However, recent research has shown that B cells also play a significant role in this process, participating in various ways such as antibody production, antigen presentation, and cytokine secretion in both human uveitis and experimental autoimmune uveitis models. Therapies targeting B cells have been used extensively in various autoimmune diseases. Rituximab, a B-cell inhibitor, is effective in treating noninfectious uveitis that is unresponsive to conventional corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. This paper provides an overview of the involvement of B cells in non-infectious uveitis and their potential use in cellular therapies, aiming to further investigate the mechanisms and develop more effective strategies for prevention and treatment.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) reportedly function as important modulators of gene regulation and malignant processes in the development of human cancers. The lncRNA JPX is a novel molecular switch for X chromosome inactivation and differentially expressed JPX has exhibited certain clinical correlations in several cancers. Notably, JPX participates in cancer growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance, by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA, interacting with proteins, and regulating some specific signaling pathways. Moreover, JPX may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. The present article summarizes our current understanding of the structure, expression, and function of JPX in malignant cancer processes and discusses its molecular mechanisms and potential applications in cancer biology and medicine.
Humans ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics* ; Neoplasms/genetics* ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation ; X Chromosome Inactivation

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of vitamin D3 on alcoholic liver injury in mice. Methods: Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups : normal Control (Control) group , vitamin D3 (VitD3 ) group , alcohol model (EtOH) group and alcohol + vitamin D3 (EtOH + VitD3 ) group. The mice were fed with the DeCarlialcohol liquid diet to establish alcoholic liver injury model. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and liver index were detected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver. The relative expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF⁃α ) , transforming growth factor β (TGF⁃β) , interleukin⁃6 (IL⁃6) and interleukin⁃1β (IL⁃1β) mRNA were detected by quantitative real⁃time PCR (qRT⁃PCR) . The expressions of nuclear factor⁃kappa B (NF⁃κB) p65 and NF⁃κB p50 in liver were detected by Western blot. Results: The serum ALT , AST vitality , liver index and hepatic TNF⁃α , TGF⁃ β , IL⁃6 and IL⁃1β mRNA in EtOH group were significantly higher than those in Control group. EtOH group disorganized hepatocyte and hepatic lobules boundary was not clear, and the hepatocytes showed apparent inflammatory cells infiltration of liver cells and fat cavitation. NF⁃κB p65 and NF⁃κB p50 protein expression increased significantly. Compared with EtOH group ,the serum ALT , AST vitality , liver index and hepatic TNF⁃α , TGF⁃ β , IL⁃6 and IL⁃1β mRNA in EtOH + VitD3 group decreased significantly. The pathological staining results showed that inflammatory cells infiltration and decrease in the number of fat vacuoles , and the liver cells returned to normal liver cell structure. At the same time the NF⁃κB p65 and NF⁃κB p50 protein expression level decreased significantly. Conclusion Vitamin D3 has a certain protective effect on alcohol⁃induced liver injury in mice , and its main mechanisms are related to the inhibition of NF⁃κB pathway and the reduction of inflammatory response.

Building a strong public health system has become an urgent task in the new era. Based on more than eight years of systematic research， we believe that five aspects need to be prioritized for a strong system. First， we should change the perspective on public health， using the word “gonggong jiankang” to replace “gonggong weisheng” and the word “gonggong jiankang tixi” to replace “gonggong weisheng tixi”， to lead the public health system development. Second， we should develop a suitable public health system and continuously improve the health capacity for governance. Third， we should make it clear that the goal of building a strong system is not far-fetched， and we need to consolidate the existing institutional advantages of China’s public health system： when encountering major problems， we can maintain a unified goal and mobilize the whole society to cooperate effectively to accomplish the goal. However， we need to make up for shortcomings one by one， especially to solve the key problem of lacking a strong coordination mechanism in daily work. Fourth， we should pursue excellence and consolidate the“suitable” mechanism proven in the process of coping with the COVID-19， so that efficient mechanisms to deal with major issues can be used in routine work， and efforts should be made to consolidate the advantages of prevention and control of infectious diseases and emergency response，so as to achieve the balanced development of regions categories and units.Finally， it is necessary to strengthen the coordination of government and research institutions， in the aspects of technological innovation， talent team building and accurate consulting services， and work together to pursue a suitable and strong system to realize the modernization of the health system and capacity for governance.