Objective To study the possible relationship between mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)and hereditary ataxia(HA).Methods Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)was used to amplify 4 mtDNA segments of 30 patients with HA、some of their relatives and 35 volunteers.The point 3243、8993、8344 and point 11778 lied in the 4 mtDNA segments respectively.For the PCR products of point 3243 and 8993,restriction fragment length polymophism(RFLP)was performed to search for A3243G、T8993G or T8993C point mutations.For point 8344 and 11778 PCR products,single strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP)was executed to detect mutations.The HA patients’ results of SSCP were compared with their relatives and volunteers’.Sequencing would be carried out to find out exact mutations in those subjects whose SSCP results were abnormal.Results We had not found the A3243G、T8993G or T8993C point mutations in our study.All subjects’ mtDNA segments of point 8344 had not been found mutations.However,a new mtDNA point mutation-A11893G-was identified in 2 patients and 1 relative without symptoms from pedigree 1.Conclusion This new point mutation of mtDNA might be related to HA.

Objective To explore the effect of Electroacupuncture on anxiety mood and periaqueductal grey (PAG) β-endorphine expression in rats with morphine abstinence syndrome.Methods The model of heroin-addicted rat was firmly established by the subcutaneous injection of gradually-increased dosages of heroin. Rats were randomly divided into control group, herion-addict group, withdrawal group, electroacupuncture group.Anxiety mood of experimental rats were assessed by Elevated Plus Maze test. Expression of β-EP in PAG was detected by immunohistochemstry. The effect of electroacupuncture at bilateral zusanli and sanyinjiao on anxiety mood and expression of β-EP in PAG was observed in rats with herion abstinence symptom.Results The anxiety index in rats with herion abstinence symptom:the value of OT％,OE％and head-dips times was (12.5±4.3) ％, (17.1±6.7)％and (5.7±2.0) times respectively,lower than that in control group [ (26.8±8.7) ％,(32.4±6.0) ％ and (12.2±4.0) times respectively],there existed significant difference(The value of P was 0.003,0.018 and 0.003 respectively).Meanwhile,The expression of β-EP-positive neurons(206.1±23.1)was significantly higher than the control(186.2±15.3). There existed significant difference( P =0.041).Electroacupuncture could increase OT％,OE％,head-dips times[(26.5±8.7)％、(31.8±7.7)％ and (9.9±3.1) times respectively] in rats with herion abstinence symptom,which comparied with control group were not statistically distinctive(The value of P was 0.920,0.816 and 0.122 respectively).The expression of β-EP(185.3±11.4)in PAG increased, which comparied with control group(186.2±15.3)were not statistically distinctive( P =0.891).Conclusion Electroacupuncture could inhibit the abstinence syndrome effectively.And there is obvious promotion of β-EP expression in PAG. This is probably one of underlying mechanisms for electroacupuncture improving withdrawal symptoms.

Objective To investigate the effect of ionization to the expression of HIF-1α and p53 of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in anoxia condition. Method Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-1 was divided into three groups, control group, radiation group, and hypoxia plus radiation group. The cell viability was analyzed by MTT method, Immunofluorescent technique was performed to de-termine the expression location of HIF-1α in CNE-1. And the expression of HIF-1α and P53 protein were measured with flow cytometry. Re-sults The results of MTr detection showed that the survival fraction of the control group was the highest. The minimum survival fraction was found in the radiation group (P<0.05). There was no HIF-1αprotein expression in cytoplasm except the radiation plus hypoxia group. With the flow cytometer technique, the expression of HIF-1αprotein in the radiation plus hypoxia group was higher than that in the radiation group. No statistical significance was found between the radiation group and the control group. When detecting the expression of P53 protein with the same technique, the expression of P53 was highest in the hypoxia plus radiation group and lowest in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of HIF-1α inducted by Hypoxia can prevent NPC cell from the damages of radiation. The HIF-1α decreases the radiosensitivlty through inducing p53 expression in NPC CNE-1 cell line.

Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats and assess the possible mechanism. Methods Seventy-five male SD rats weighing 210-250 g were randomly divided into three groups with 25 animals in each group : (Ⅰ) control group received sham operation; (Ⅱ)renal I/R group and (Ⅲ) ulinastatin + I/R group. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal ketamine 50 mg?kg-1 . Bilateral kidneys were exposed through midline incision and bilateral renal pedicles were occluded with atraumatic mini-clamp. The kidneys turned pale. In control group the kidneys were exposed but their pedicles were not clamped, while in ulinastatin group (Ⅲ) ulinastatin 12 500 u was given i. v. 30 min before ischemia and at the beginning of reperfusion. Blood samples and kidneys were obtained at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24 h of reperfusion for determination of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr) concentrations and the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) and bcl-2 in kidney and for microscopic examination. Paller scoring system was used to evaluate the severity of histological changes ( the higher the score, the worse is the change) .Results BUN and serum Cr levels were significantly lower at 12 and 24 h of reperfusion in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅱ (P 0.05) . Conclusion Ulinastatin can reduce the risk of renal dysfunction and injury associated with renal I/ R. The protective effect of ulinastatin may be associated with the up-regulation of bcl-2 expression.

Radiation-induced organ fibrosis is a common complication of tumor radiotherapy and radiation accident, which poses a serious threat to patients′life.TGF-β, CTGF, PDGF-BB and NF-κB all play important roles in this pathological process, and drugs targeting these key molecules are also being developed, some of which have shown positive therapeutic effects.This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic progress involved in radiation-induced organ fibrosis, intended to provide a new clue to the complex process of radiation-induced organ fibrosis, and to provide a new strategy for treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of outpatient nursing intervention in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)on the aspects of clinical efficacy, quality of life and nursing satisfaction after medical therapy. Methods The clinical efficacy according to the judgment standard for clinical effect was valued. Medical outcome study short-form 36-items health survey (SF-36) was used to assess the quali?ty of life of the subjects. Satisfaction Questionnaire was used to evaluate the satisfaction scale of patients. Eighty subjects with CRS were randomly divided into the control group (40 cases) and the trial group (40 cases). The trial group was given nursing intervention on basis of usual nursing. In three months after treat?ment, the data and statistics analysis was purely descriptive by SPSS 20.0. Results Clinical efficacy:in the group, nineteen subjects were cured,fourteen subjects were improved and inefficacy occurred in seven subjects. The effective rate was 77.5%(31/40). In the trial group, twenty-six subjects were cured,twelve subjects were improved and inefficacy occurred in two subjects. The effective rate was 95.0%(38/40). There were differences in general data between the two groups (χ2=5.165,P=0.023). Quality of life:the average score of the control group was 58.10±5.04, while the average score of the trial group was 72.22±5.63, the average score of quality of life in the trial group was significantly higher than that in the control group(t=3.08,P=0.025). Nursing satisfaction:there were significant differences in nursing satisfaction between the control group and the trial group (u=-7.048,P=0.000). Conclusions Outpatient nursing intervention can improve the effect of patients with chronic nasal sinusitis after medical therapy, improve the quality of life and improve nursing satisfaction.

Objective To study the possible relationship between mitochondrial DNA point mutations and hereditary ataxia (HA). Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymophism (RFLP) were performed to search A3243G, T8993G or T8993C point mutations in the amplified mitochondrial DNA of extract human perpheral white blood cells of 26 patients with HA and 35 normal controls. Results No point mutations of mitochondrial DNA A3243G, T8993G or T8993C were found in HA group and control group.Conclusion mitochondrial DNA A3243G, T8993G and T8993C mutations are not likely to be genetic factors of hereditary ataxia.

Many factors influence the elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) self-assembled into micron-sized particles. However, few efforts were made to investigate these factors. Using the ELPs [KV8F]n as the target, we studied systematically the factors with the dynamic light scattering. Our results show that the particle size increased and the uniform of particles decreased with the increase of the molecular weight. The analysis of size variation in self-assembled ELPs in response to changes in salt concentration indicated that the size increased with increasing the salt concentration, and the opposite response was observed when the concentration was above 0.4 mol/L. Under these conditions, the particles are micron-sized and larger than 1.1 μm. However, when the fusions containing the same ELPs and xylanase or 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase, the size of the self-assembled ELPs particles decreased dramatically, which was only about 1/10 of that of the free ELPs. We proposed that the solvent accessible charged area of the enzymes could interact with the ELPs, the sterical hindrance of the enzymes prevent the aggregation of the ELPs. This might be the most important parameter in altering the particle size sharply.
Elastin ; chemistry ; Molecular Weight ; Particle Size ; Peptides ; chemistry ; Salts ; chemistry

Objective To explore the association between the genetic polymorphism of hypoxia inducible factor 1 α (HIF-1α) G1790A and the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods A total of 189 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radical radiotherapy were followed-up for 3 years.The patients were divided into cured group with 135 cases and recurrence group with 54 cases by clinical follow-up results.PCR-RFLP was used to determine the mononucleotide genotypes of HIF-1α G1790A.Results The observed genotype frequencies of HIF-1α gene 1790 (G→A) for GG, GA and AA were 70.04% , 20.74% , 2.22% in cured group and 59.26% , 38.89% , 1.85% in recurrence group, respectively.The allele frequencies for G and A were 87.4% , 13.9% in cured groups and 78.7% ,21.3% in recurrence group, respectively, without significant difference in distribution of allele frequencies between the two groups(x2 =6.919, P =0.077).Conclusions The genetic polymorphisms of HIF-1α G1790A might be related with the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the role of autophagy in attenuation of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by diazoxide in the isolated rat heart.Methods Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups ( n = 8 each) : I/R group, diazoxide group (group D), an inhibitor of autophagy wortmannin + diazoxide group (group WT＞) and wortmannin group (group W) . The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pento-barbital sodium 40 mg/kg. Their hearts were excised and passively perfused in a Langendorff apparatus with an oxygenated (95% O2-5% CO2 ) K-H solution at 37 °C . The isolated hearts were made globally ischemic for 20 min followed by 30 min reperfusion. In I/R and W groups, the isolated hearts were perfused with K-H solution for 10 min before ischemia, while the isolated hearts were perfused with K-H solution containing diazoxide 100 /xmol/L for 10 min before ischemia in D and WD groups. The HR, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) were recorded immediately before perfusion with diazoxide, immediately before the end of perfusion and at 30 min of reperfusion.Myocardial tissues were obtained at 30 min of reperfusion for determination of SOD activity, MDA content and autophagy-related protein Beclin-1 expression (by immunohistochemistry). The formation of autophagosomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy. ResultsCompared with group I/R, LVDP, HR, SOD activity and Beclin-1 expression were significantly increased at 30 min of reperfusion, while LVEDP and MDA content were significantly decreased at 30 min of reperfusion in group D(P＜0.05),and Beclin-1 expression was significantly decreased in WD and W groups(P＜0.05).Compared with group D, LVDP and Beclin-1 expression were significantly decreased, and MDA content was significantly increased in WD and W groups, and LVEDP was significantly increased, while SOD activity decreased in group W (P＜0.05). Microscopic examination showed that a large number of autophagosomes, a small number of autophagosomes and an extremely small number of autophagosomes were observed in D, WD and I/R groups respectively. Conclusion Autophagy is involved in attenuation of myocardial I/R injury by diazoxide in the isolated rat heart.