Objective To evaluate the contribution of gyrA and parE detection in Ureaplasma genotyping.Methods Sixty Ureaplasma isolates were selected with the Mycoplasma IST kit.The gyrA and parE were amplified by PCR.The DNA was sequenced and compared with the corresponding sequences in GenBank.Results The nucleotide sequence of gyrA had 100% identity in serovar 1,3,6,14 and 100%identity in serovar 2,4,5,7～13,too.But the sequence had 91%identity between the two groups.The nucleotide sequence of parE had 98%～99% identity in serovar 1,3,6,14.And it had 100% identity in erovar 2,5,7,8,11 and 100% identity in serovar4,12,13.But it had only 90% identity between the two groups.Ureaplasma parvum(Up),Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu)and Up+Uu infection were found 68.3%(41/60),21.7%(13/60)and 10%(6/60) of clinical specimens,respectively.In Up isolates,serovar 3 was 48.8%(20/41).Conclusion Ureaplasma can be divided into two genotypes(Up and Uu)by gyrA analysis.And Up can be divided into four subtypes which correspond to serovar 1,3,6,14,respectively.Serovar 3 is the main isolate in our research.

Objective To evaluate the association between recurrent miscarriages and insulin resistance.Methods The case-control studies on the association between recurrent spontaneous abortion and insulin resistance from June 1996 to April 2012 were collected from Medline,Elsevier,Chinese Journal Fulltext Database,Chinese Biological Medicine Database,data base of Wanfang,Springer link and EMBASE.RevMan 5.1 software was used for Meta analysis.Results According to the included criteria,7 clinical trials were finally selected.Total 467 cases with recurrent pregnancy loss were enrolled in study group,while 413 women with no history of abnormal pregnancies were enrolled in control group.No significant difference was found in average age and body mass index between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Meta analysis results showed that the level of fasting glucose was no statistical difference between study group and control group (WMD =2.27,95％ CI:-1.11 to 5.65,P ＞0.05); fasting insulin level was higher 2.05 mU/L in study group than that of in control group,the difference was statistically significant (WMD =2.05,95％ CI:1.03 to 3.08,P ＜ 0.01).Case number of study group on Homa-insulin resistance ＞ 4.5 was more than that of control group (OR =3.36,95％ CI:1.72 to 6.57,P ＜ 0.01).Case number of study group on glucose/insulin ratio ＜ 4.5 was more than that of the control group,statistical difference was found (OR =3.37,95％ CI:1.90 to 5.99,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Insulin resistance is associated with the susceptibility to recurrent miscarriages,and it may contribute to the occurrence of recurrent miscarriages.

ObjectiveTo recognize the cranial MRI appearance in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy(CADASIL). MethodsFive patients with CADASIL from two generations in a family underwent routine MRI and MRA examinations.Three patients with CADASIL were confirmed by the Notch3 genetic testing and the vascular pathological Resultsand one was diagnosed on basis of MR and clinical manifestations. The imaging data from 4 patients with CADASIL were analyzed.ResultsFour cases achieved preliminary diagnosis of CADASIL and one was excluded by MRI.In 4 patients with CADASIL,bilateral symmetrical,confluent white matter lesions in the subcortical and Deriventricular regions were seen frequently in the temporal,frontal and parietal lobes,but the occipital lobes were less involved.These lesions appeared as long T1 and long T2 signal.O'Sul]ivan sign was shown in all cases and subcortical lacunar lesions was seen in 2 cases. In the centrum semiovale,well-defined,round or oval cystic infarcts(black holes)were demonstrated in 3 cases and multiple tiny round enlarged perivascular spaces(pepperpot appearance)in all cases.The corpus callosum was involved in all cases,and it was evidently atrophic in 2 cases.The anterior part of internal capsule and external capsule were were present in the basal ganglia and brainstem. Only one case revealed a small infarct in the right cerebellum. Four Datients shared mild or moderate atrophy of brainstem, cerebellum and cerebrum. No marked abnorillalitv of large vessels was seen in all cerebral MRA. ConclusionsThe cranial MRI appearance in CADASIL shows some characteristics.MRI may give some infotznation in the preliminary diagnosis or exclusion of CADASIL.

OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of Yishen tongluo formula （YSTLF） in improving abnormal lipid metabolism based on the sterol regulatory element binding proteins （SREBPs） pathway. METHODS Using C57BLKS/J （db/db） mice as model and C57BLKS/J （db/m） mice as normal control， the mechanism of 1， 2.5 and 5 g/kg YSTLF improving abnormal lipid metabolism of db/db mice was investigated by determining the liver coefficient， the contents of serum total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， low-density lipoprotein （LDL） and high-density lipoprotein （HDL）， observing steatosis and lipid accumulation in liver tissue of mice， detecting the protein expressions of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 as well as mRNA transcription levels of Srebp- 1c， Srebp-2 and their downstream lipid metabolism-related target genes （Fasn， Acc1， Scd5， Fads1， Hmgcr， Dhcr24， Insig-1， Fdps） in liver tissue of mice. Using low-fat cultured human liver cancer cell HepG2 as an in vitro cell model for abnormal lipid metabolism， and 25-HC （SREBPs inhibitor， 10 μmol/L） as the control， the effects of 125， 250 and 500 μg/mL YSTLF on protein expressions of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 as well as mRNA transcription of SREBP-1c， SREBP-2 and their downstream lipid metabolism-related target genes were investigated to verify the mechanism in vitro. RESULTS 1， 2.5， 5 g/kg YSTLF significantly reduced the levels of TC， TG and LDL， the percentage of lipid droplet-positive region in liver tissue and liver coefficient， significantly down-regulated protein expressions of Pre-SREBP-1， n-SREBP-1， Pre-SREBP-2 and n-SREBP-2， and mRNA transcription of Srebp-1c， Srebp-2 and their downstream target genes in liver tissue， while significantly increased HDL level， with statistical significance （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. In the cell experiment in vitro， the expressions of the above-mentioned proteins and genes in the cells treated with YSTLF at 125， 250 and 500 μg/mL for 24 hours were consistent with those in the animal experiment； there was no significant difference in the expressions of the above-mentioned proteins and genes between inhibitor control group and 250， 500 μg/mL YSTLF groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS YSTLF can regulate the expression of transcription factor SREBPs， so as to inhibit the high expression of fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis-related genes， promote the degradation of TC and TG， improve the abnormality of lipid metabolism and inhibit lipid accumulation， thus playing the role of lipid-lowering.