Objective To investigate the current status of knowledge,attitude and practice of occupational expo-sure to blood and precaution among health care workers (HCWs),and to evaluate the factors affecting wearing gloves and isolation gowns.Methods HCWs in a hospital on October 16,2102 were investigated through question-naires.Results A total of 374 HCWs were investigated,the average training per HCW were(1.47±1.54)times, HCWs in internal medicine department were (2.00±2.12)times,which was higher than HCWs in the other depart-ments (P<0.001).The score of occupational blood exposure and precaution knowledge among HCWs with Master’ s degree or above and doctors was (88.43±11.09)and (88.14±11.48)respectively.There was no significant difference in attitude and practice among different HCWs (P>0.05).The main factors affecting wearing gloves and isolation gowns were inconvenient for manipulation and inadequate facility.Conclusion The knowledge,attitude and practice of occupational blood exposure and precaution among HCWs are not desirable.Measures should be taken to improve HCWs’occupational precaution standard.

Objective To investigate the risk factors and prognosis of pneumonia in elderly patients of cerebral stroke sequelae period.Methods Eighty-eight cases of pneumonia in elderly patients with cerebral stroke sequelae period were selected as stroke group,with non-stroke patients of the same period suffering from pneumonia 1 ∶ 1 matched as control group.The risk factors and prognosis of pneumonia in elderly patients of cerebral stroke sequelae period were analyzed.Results Pneumonia in stroke group was related with hypertension,diabetes,conscious disturbance,bucking or nasogastric feeding,dyscinesia,incision of trachea,multiple organ disfunction syndrome (MODS),hospitalizations,hospital stay and abandon treatment or death (P ＜ 0.05),and not related with smoking,coronary heart disease,kindey dysfunction,malignant tumor,phlegm bacterial culture,hypoxemia and mechanical ventilation was tested by conditioned Logistic regression quantitatively(P＞ 0.05).The independent risk factors for pneumonia in elderly patients of cerebral stroke sequelae period were bucking or nasogastric feeding,and MODS by two-way unconditional Logistic regression.Conclusions Hypertension,diabetes,conscious disturbance,bucking or nasogastric feeding,dyscinesia,incision of trachea,MODS,hospitalizations are risk factors for pneumonia in elderly patients of cerebral stroke sequelae period,and lead to relatively poor prognosis.Three-grade prevention and control of risk factors can improve prognosis.

Objective To investigate the utility of urodynamic testing in the evaluation of neurogenic vesicoureteral reflux in patients with thoracolumbar spinal cord injury at the T10 to L2 level.Methods Twenty-six patients with thoracolumbar spinal cord injury at the T10 to L2 level and who displayed vesicoureteral reflux were enrolled and divided into a detrusor hyper-reflexia group (n =21) and a detrusor a-reflexia group (n =5)according to their cystourethrograms and urodynamic test results.Their bladder volume,detrusor pressure (Pdet) and compliance were observed and analyzed at the vesicoureteral reflux point and the leak point.Results The bladder volume and compliance of the detrusor hyper-reflexia group at the vesicoureteral reflux point were (122.46 ± 87.89) ml and (5.94 ± 4.96) ml/H2 O respectively,significantly different from the detrusor a-reflexia group (P ＜ 0.01).At the leak point,the average bladder volume of the detrusor hyper-reflexia group was (210.81 ± 69.72)ml,while the average bladder compliance was (9.53 ± 5.43)ml/H2O and the average detrusor pressure was (42.29 ± 9.57)cm H2O.All were significantly different from the detrusor a-reflexia group's averages.Moreover,there was a significant difference in the Pdet between the leak point and the vesicoureteral reflux points in the detrusor hyper-reflexia group.Conclusions Patients with thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries at the T10 to L2 level with neurogenic bladder and detrusor hyper-reflexia have low bladder volumes and compliance,and vesicoureteral reflux tends to occur at an early stage after injury with a destrusor pressure lower than 40 cm H2 O.For patients with detrusor a-reflexia,vesicoureteral reflux and bladder leakage may occur when detrusor pressure is low.

The rapid development of ultrasonographic technology,especially the three-dimensional ultrasonographic technology has brought new opportunities to pelvic imaging.The anatomy and related diseases of the anterior compartment of female pelvic floor,and the recent application and development of transperineal ultrasonography in the anterior compartment were reviewed in this article.

Objective To study the CT and MRI features of ovarian granulosa cell tumor(OGCT).Methods The clinical and imaging data of 12 cases with OGCT proved by pathology were analyzed retrospectively(10 cases were performed with CT,5 cases were performed with MRI,and 3 cases were performed with both CT and MRI).Results All lesions were solitary.The tumors presented round,oval, or lobulated with clear boundary.In 12 cases, 3 cases were multiple cystic masses with uneven thickness of cyst walls and septation.Mild enhancement of the cyst walls and septation was showed after contrast enhancement.7 cases were cystic and solid masses with multiple cysts, typically with sponge-like pattern,and most cases showed slightly to moderately enhancement.2 cases were solid mass with septation,1 case showed significant enhancement,and 1 case showed slightly enhancement.6 of 12 cases presented enlargement of the utreus and endometrium thickening,1 case was associated with endometrial carcinoma.Conclusion OGCT has characteristic CT and MRI features, and CT and MRI examinations combined with estrogen abnormality are helpful for diagnosis.

[Objective] To observe clinical therapeutic effect of combined acupuncture and acupoint thread implantation on insomnia. [Methods] The seventy two cases were randomly divided into a treatment group(37cases) and a control group(35cases).The treatment group were treated with acupuncture and acupoint thread implantation; The control group were treated with acupuncture alone. Acupuncture treatment was provided every other day,they were totally treated for 10 times;Acupoint thread implantation was provided one time every week,observe the clinicial therapeutic effect after 3 times of treatment. [Result] The effective rate on chloasma was 89.19%in the treatment group and 71.42%in the control group.The clinical effect in the treatment group was significant better than that in the control group(P<0.05). [Conclusion] Acupuncture combined with acupoint thread implantation shows a better therapeutic effect on insomnia.

Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To investigate arthroscopic characteristics and minimally invasive treatment of meniscal injuries in osteoarthritic knees. Methods Sixty-eight cases of meniscal injuries in osteoarthritic knees were divided into four types according to arthroscopic characteristics of meniscal tears and involvement degree of the synovium and the cartilage: Type Ⅰ: limited meniscal injuries; Type Ⅱ: Limited injuries combined with abrasive injuries; Type Ⅲ: injuries of the most part of the meniscus, loose meniscus; Type Ⅳ: abraded meniscus combined with partial or mostly partial absence. Corresponding arthroscopic procedures were performed. Results Among the 68 cases, there were 10 cases of the Type Ⅰ injuries, 20 cases of the Type Ⅱ, 27 cases of the Type Ⅲ, and 11 cases of the Type Ⅳ, respectively. For the Type Ⅰ injuries, arthroscopic meniscal suture was performed in 4 cases and partial arthroscopic meniscectomy was performed in 6 cases. For the Type Ⅱ injuries, arthroscopic partial meniscectomy was performed in 18 cases and subtotal meniscectomy was performed in 2 cases. For Type Ⅲ injuries, arthroscopic lavage and debridement was performed in 1 case, arthroscopic partial meniscectomy in 5 cases, subtotal meniscectomy in 16 cases, and total meniscectomy in 5. For Type Ⅳ injuries, arthroscopic subtotal meniscectomy was performed in 2 cases and total meniscectomy in 9 cases. A follow-up was carried out for 6~52 months (mean, 22 months). There were 7 cases of pain after vigorous activities (Type Ⅱ: 1 case; Type Ⅲ: 2 cases; Type Ⅳ: 4 cases), 1 case of locking knee (Type Ⅲ), and 2 cases of limitation of knee flexion (Type Ⅲ and Ⅳ: 1 case each). Total knee replacement was conducted 2~3 years after the procedure in 3 cases (Type Ⅲ: 2 cases; Type Ⅳ: 1 case). Of the remaining 65 cases, the Lysholm scores were elevated from 50?12 preoperatively to 85?8 postoperatively (t=3.521, P

TLC-scanner method was used to determine the content of schizandrin A and tanshinone ⅡA in wulingwan. The average recovery of both schizandrin A and tanshinone ⅡA are 98.31% (CV = 2.1% ) and 99.15% (CV = 1.1% ) respectively.This method is simple and rapid.Its reproducibility is satisfactory.

Objective To study the short-term efficacy of arthroscopic debridement,lateral patellar decompression,and rehabilitation thearpy for osteoarthritis of the knee joint,and to discuss the long-term outcomes of the treatments.Methods A total of 85 cases of osteoarthritis that were diagnosed according to the clinical diagnostic criteria of ACR were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly divided into groups A(39 cases) and B(46 cases) to underwent arthroscopic debridement and arthroscopic debridement combined with lateral patellar decompression respectivley.All the operations were performed by a same surgeon.Postoperative rehabilitation thearpies were carried out by one group of therapist.The Lysholm,HSS,and PPI scores were evaluated before the operation,as well as patellar tilt test and patellar gliding test.The examinations were repeated in 3 and 6 months respectivley after the surgery.Results In group A,the scores of Lysholm,HSS,and PPI determined at month 3 were significantly higher than those before the operation,but not changed markedly at month 6.Whereas,in group B,the scores kept being increased after the surgery.At month 3,the scores in group A were higher than those in group B,however,at month 6,the Lysholm score in group B was higher than that in group A.Conclusions Arthroscopic debridement and postoperative rehabilitation are effective for imroving the symtoms and knee function in patients with osteoarthritis and limited ROM of the patella.Combining with lateral patellar decompression,the treatments can achieve better outcomes in 6 months.