Background phacoemulsification combined with limbal relaxing incision (LRI) is reported to be effective for the management of coexisting cataract astigmatism,but the influence of after phacoemulsification with LRI on corneal high-order aberration is still rarely reported.Objective This study was to evaluate the effect of cataract surgery with LRI for preoperative astigmatism or on corneal high-order aberration.Methods A selfcontrolled serial cases observational study was designed.A total of 35 cataractous eyes of 35 patients with astigmatism ≥ 1.0 D before cataract surgery were enrolled in Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital from August 2014 to April 2015 under the informed consent of patients.LRIs were performed on the eyes during the phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA),BCVA and optometry were recorded before operation and 1 day,1 week,1 month,3 months after operation.Pentacam was employed to measure the maximal and minimal diopters,astigmatism and high-order aberrations within 3 mm of the anterior corneal surface at above-mentioned time points.All the results were compared among different time points.The optometry outcomes and the anterior corneal surface astigmatism change were analyzed using vector analysis method.Results The UCVA was 0.34 ±0.22,0.38 ± 0.25,0.43±0.27,0.42±0.28 in 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3 months after operation,which was significantly higher than 0.08 ±0.09 before operation;and the BCVA was 0.54 ± 0.27,0.64 ± 0.29,0.67 ± 0.29,0.71 ± 0.32 in 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3 months after operation,showing a significant increase in comparison with 0.22±0.51 before operation(F=54.457,P=0.000;F =62.653,P =0.000).The refractive cylindrical error and corneal astigmatism were significantly decreased after operation in comparison with before operation (F =31.061,P =0.000;F =113.043,P=0.000).High order aberrations (HOA) at postoperative 1 day,1 week,1 month,3 months were all higher than those in preoperation (F =11.189,P =0.000) under the 4 mm pupil diameter.Compared with preoperation,the vertical coma,secondary vertical coma and three leaf clover were significantly increased(all at P＜0.05),but the horizontal coma and primary spherical aberration were not significantly changed (all at P＞0.05) under the 6 mm pupil diameter.Conclusions Phacoemulsification combined with LRI can reduce the corneal astigmatism effectively and steadily,and the increase of corneal aberrations does not affect visual acuity.

Neuroendocrine tumors of the epiglottis were extremely rare. Patients normally had no obvious symptoms and signs of early stage. Epiglottis lingual except (without) tubercle of epiglottis, and hyperplastic mass were observed by using laryngoscopy and also confirmed by biopsy and immunohistochemistry. Immunohis- tochemical studies showed that Syn, a broad spectrum endocrine marker, and CgA, a specific marker of endocrine tumor, were both positive. Which is consistent with the diagnosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; pathology ; Epiglottis ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Laryngoscopy

BACKGROUND:Long-distance, large-range tracheal stenosis or defects are often seen in clinic, and laryngotracheal reconstruction is stil a difficult problem. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of animal autologous cartilage transplantation in laryngotracheal reconstruction. METHODS:The cricoid cartilage and partial anterior tracheal wal from New Zealand rabbits were resected to prepare laryngotracheal defect models. Then, autologous costal perichondrium was taken for transplantation. After 8-24 weeks, surviving animals were sacrificed to observe the repair effects. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:General observation showed that animals breathed and ate normaly, the implanted cartilage bonded tightly with the surrounding tissue, the wound healed wel without granulation tissue and scar formation, and there was a smooth inner surface covered by mucosa in the lumen. Under the light microscope, there was some mucosa generating at the wound site, and some fibroblasts and striated muscle cels existed in the outer layer, with a smal amount of new cartilage formation. There was also a linking between chondrocytes and muscle cels. These findings indicate that autologous cartilage transplantation can be applied for laryngotracheal reconstruction in animals, which has a good effect.

Objective To investigate the complex effect of soman and hypoxia on PC12 cell line as shown by the expression changes in IL-6/GP130, JAK1 and STAT1. Methods A cell model of intoxication by combining effect of hypoxia and soman was reproduced, and it was divided into four groups: control, soman intoxication, hypoxia combined with soman intoxication, and Genistein inhibition groups. PC12 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 and were treated with NGF (50ng/ml) for seven days. The differentiated PC12 cells were then exposed to hypoxia in an incubator containing 5% CO2, 95% N2 and (or) incubated with soman (20?mol/L) for 2, 6, 12 or 24 hours. The expression levels of IL-6/GP130, JAK1, STAT1 mRNA and protein were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot in PC12 cells. The products were sequenced by Sanger's double strand DNA sequence determination. Results In soman intoxicated group, the expression levels of IL-6/GP130, JAK1, STAT1 mRNA and protein were elevated in PC12 cell, reaching the peak level at 12 hours, and then lowered at 24 hours, but remaining higher than that of control group. In combined soman intoxicated and hypoxia group, the expression levels of IL-6/GP130, JAK1, STAT1 mRNA and protein reached the peak value at 6 hours, being higher than that of control group, soman intoxicated group and Genistein inhibition group. It was shown that the sequences of the products as amplified by RT-PCR were the same as that found in the GenBank. Conclusion Soman intoxication or (and) hypoxia up-regulate the expression of IL-6/GP130. Both hypoxic condition and soman treatment can up-regulate the expression of JAK1/STAT1 mRNA and protein in PC12 cells. JAK-STAT pathway may play a role in the mechanisms of brain injury resulted from hypoxia and soman poisoning.

Objective: To compare the clinical value of video-mediastinoscopy (VM) and standard mediastinoscopy(SM) in diagnosis of thoracic diseases. Methods: The clinical data of 100 patients with mediastinoscopy were studied retrospectively. Of them, 54 patients underwent VM, and 46 patients underwent SM. The operative parameters including operating time, complications and post-operative hospital stay, the diagnosis accuracy of undifferentiated mediastinal diseases and the accuracy of perioperative staging of lung cancer were compared. Results: The average operating time in VM group was (53.9?17.2) mins, which was less than that in SM group (69.4?24.7)mins (t=2.05,P

Objective To evaluate the role of mediastinoscopy with biopsy on right trachea-bronchial lymph node (R4) in the diagnosis and pathologic staging of lung cancer. Methods From November 1999 to May 2004, sixty-six patients with lung cancer (47 right and 19 left) received mediastinoscopic biopsy on R4 lymph node. 17 patients were preoperative diagnosed and 49 suspected have lung cancer. The approach included cervical mediastinoscopy in 62 cases, parasternal mediastinoscopy in 1 and cervical combined with parasternal mediastinoscopy in 3. Results In total 66 patients, R4 lymph node positive was found in 49 cases, including 38 patients with right lung cancer and 11 with left lung cancer. The metastasis rate in small cell lung cancer, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were 100%, 82.2% and 52%, respectively. For 49 preoperatively suspected lung cancer patients, malignant tumor was confirmed by mediastinoscopy with biopsy in 40 and open thoracic surgery in 9. All the operations were successful and the patients recovered smoothly without severe postoperative complications. Conclusion R4 lymph node is one of the most common and important site for the tumor metastasis in lung cancer. Mediastinoscopy with biopsy on R4 lymph node has incomparable advantages in diagnosis and staging lung cancer over other examinations and biopsy on other sites of lymph nodes.

OBJECTIVE: To provide references for the improvement of categorized management of drugs in China. METHODS: The problems in China's categorized management of drugs were analyzed by drawing a comparison between China and USA in the categorized management of drugs. RESULT & CONCLUSION: China should draw on useful experiences from the developed countries to improve the categorized management of drugs from multi-aspects.

Objective To translate the English version of an abbreviated eight-item measure of Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ-A) into Chinese and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of PSWQ-A in patients after total Hip Replacement.Methods Totally 218 patients after total hip replacement were recruited and were investigated by the Chinese version of PSWQ-A.Results The internal consistency coefficient of the Chinese version of PSWQ-A were 0.885.Factor analysis got two factors,which explain 68.428％ of the total variance.The content validity index was 0.924.Using SAS as an external criterion,The correlation coefficients of the PSWQ-A and SAS scores were 0.891,P＜0.05.Conclusions The Chinese version of PSWQ-A has been proved to be reliable and valid.It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of self-efficacy in patients after total hip replacement.