Objective To investigate transmission routes of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)caused by methi-cillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA),and make effective measures for preventing and controlling the oc-currence and epidemic of HAI caused by multidrug-resistance bacteria.Methods From February 24 to March 29, 2012,12 MRSA-infected patients were performed epidemiological study,these patients underwent bronchoscopy be-cause of tracheal stenosis,strains were identified by amplifying the sequences of 16S rRNA ,femA and mecA with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR),homology analysis of strains were performed by Spa geno-typing.Results All 12 MRSA-infected patients were susceptible to multidrug-resistance bacterial infection,5 cases of MRSA infection occurred during this hospitalization.Detection of specimens from health care workers and envi-ronment were all negative;Spa gene of all 12 MRSA isolates was type t 030 ,which was the main epidemic strain in Asia;Spa gene of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from nurses’noses was type t1425 .Conclusion The assumption of MRSA spread among health care workers aren’t supported by the epidemiological investigation results,genotypes of 12 MRSA isolates are identical,but the result of gene typing can’t be as the evidence of homology of infection ;patients at high risk for MRSA infection should be screened as early as possible,early contact isolation should be performed,so as to prevent and control the occurrence of HAI.

Objective: To compare the contents of saikosaponin a, d and total flavonoids in different parts of Hollow bupleurum to provide reference for the clinical use of medicinal parts.Methods: The determination was performed on a SHIMADZU Inertsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)column.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water with the ratio of 40∶60, and the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1.The detection wavelength was 210nm, the column temperature was 40℃, and the injection volume was 10 μl.A colorimetric method was used to detect total flavonoids with the detection wavelength of 500 nm.Results: The calibration curve of Saikosaponin a, d and total flavonoids showed a good linear relationship respectively over the range of 0.21-1.26 mg·ml-1(r=0.999 6),0.25-1.51 mg·ml-1(r=0.9997) and 4.00-25.00 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 6).The average recovery was 99.27%(RSD=2.15%, n=6),99.4%(RSD=2.14%,n=6)and 99.03%(RSD=1.34%,n=6), respectively.The content of saikosaponin a and d respectively was 0.31% and 0.50% in the root, while that in the other parts was low.The content of total flavonoids was as high as 8.48% in flowers, and that in leaves, stem and root reduced in turn.Conclusion: The aerial parts of Hollow bupleurum are rich in flavonoids, and the content of saikosaponin in root is higher, therefore, the whole plant with root is more reasonable in the clinical use.

Objective To observe the change of the protein and gene expression of hypoxia inducing factor-1α(HIF-1a) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the nude mouse tumor,which has been treated by HIFU combined with nanoscale ultrasound molecular probes with HSV1-TK gene microvascular density.Methods Sixty nude mice were implanted with HepG2 Cells to establish subcutaneous transplanted tumor.Divided this mice into six groups at random after treated by HIFU:MB+ HSV-TK+ GPC3 (group A),MB + HSV-TK (group B),HSV-TK +GPC3 (group C),HSV-TK (group D),MB + GPC3 (group E),PBS (group F).They were injected into the tail vein every after 3 days.Mice in group A,B,D and E were exposed to ultrasound by 2 W/cm2,1 MHz,5 mintues and 0.2 mL ganciclovi(GCV) was intraperitoneally injected at the first 48 hours after injection.After the treatment,immunohistoche were used to detect the microvascular density(MVD),Western blot and immunohistoche was employed to test the protein change of the VEGF and HIF-1α,Q-PCR was used to test the mRNA gene transcription of VEGF and HIF-1α in the tumor tissues.Results After 14 days,the protein expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in group A was significantly lower than that in group B,C,D,E and F (P＜0.05),the MVD level in the tumor is also like this,and the difference is statistically significant.Conclusion Anoscale ultrasound molecular probes with HSV1-TK can reduce the the level of VEGF,MVD and HIF-1α in the tumor which has been treated by HIFU,so it can inhibit tumor growth and improve the therapeutic efficacy after HIFU treatment.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features, imaging features, treatment options and prognosis of linear scleroderma with central nervous system involvement.Methods:One case of linear scleroderma " en coup de sabre" (LSES) school-age child suffering from dizziness, vomiting and blurred vision was admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital on March 25, 2019.The curative effect was observed after treatment.The relevant literature was searched, and the characteristics of cases and therapeutic effects were reviewed.Results:The clinical features of this case included recurrent and transient dizziness, vomiting, and blurred vision.Cranial imaging indicated abnormal signals in the left frontotemporal lobe white matter, cingulate gyrus, basal ganglia region, and corpus callosum proximal pressure part, multiple soft meningeal line enhancement and abnormal brain substance enhancement on the brain surface in the lesion area.After 2 months of combined treatment with Methotrexate(MTX) and corticosteroids, some symptoms such as dizziness and vomiting disappeared.Three months after the treatment, in the primary cerebral hemisphere and multiple calcifications in the brain parenchyma, the lesions significantly reduced in cranial imaging.The child was followed up for 11 months and displayed no clinical symptoms.New hair was dense at the alopecia area, and skin color, texture and grain were close to normal at the damaged area.In the review of domestic literature, treatment and prognosis were not involved.Foreign literatures reported 5 cases of children, with the first choice of Methylprednisolone being combined with MTX treatment, significant effect was observed, and consistent with the treatment of this case.Conclusions:In order to detect and treat them as early as possible and improve the prognosis, LSES patients should undergo cranial integrity assessment and neurological imaging examination at an early stage, regardless of clinical manifestations of nervous system involvement.

Objective To investigate the effects of gabapentin(GBP) on plasma β-endorphin(β-EP) level in the patients with painful diabetic neuropathy(PDN). Methods We detected the plasma β-EP level in 24 PDN patients in the treatment with GBP, 18 PDN patients without GBP treatment, 20 diabetic mellitus patients without PDN and 24 healthy control subjects. Results (1)The level of β-EP in diabetic mellitus patients was lower than in the healthy control(P<0.01). (2)The patients who received GBP had a significant change of β-EP level after treatment(P<0. 01).. Conclusions Gabapentin is effective for the treatment of PDN and its adverse effects are mild. It can lower the plasma β-EP level in the patients with PDN.

Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia, B-Cell ; genetics

Objective To investigate the effects of genistein on the mRNA expressions of collagen (Col), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP ) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP) in human embryonic skin fibroblasts (CCC-ESF-1).MethodsThe cultured CCC-ESF-1cells were divided into a black control group, an estradiol group and genistein groups of different doses. The mRNA expressions of ColⅠ, ColⅢ , MMP-1, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the black group, estradiol and medium dose of genistein (0.451 ± 0.037, 0.446 ± 0.047vs.0.385 ± 0.061, allP<0.05) could promote the proliferation of the CCC-ESF-1 cells, estradiol and medium dose of genistein could up-regulate the mRNA expressions of ColⅠ (0.960 ± 0.012, 0.929 ± 0.015vs.0.812 ± 0.014, allP<0.01), ColⅢ (0.892 ± 0.009, 0.824 ± 0.022vs.0.768 ± 0.025, allP<0.01), TIMP-1 (0.841 ± 0.023, 0.838 ± 0.053vs.0.751 ± 0.027, allP<0.01) and TIMP-2 (0.456 ± 0.017, 0.448 ± 0.036vs.0.381 ± 0.029, allP<0.01), and down-regulate MMP-1 mRNAexpression (0.398 ± 0.043, 0.402 ± 0.044vs.0.525 ± 0.006, allP<0.01).Conclusions Genistein could promote the proliferation of the CCC-ESF-1 cells, and that may be related with up-regulating the mRNA expressions of ColⅠ, ColⅢ , MMP-1, TIMP-1and down-regulating MMP-1 mRNA expression.

Objective To study the pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG) on gene regulation role of ESF-1 cells in collagen secretion, to reveal PDG repair mechanisms on scalded skin.Methods The cells cultured in vitro were divided into the control group, the estradiol group and the three different PDG doses groups. The concentration of the high, medium and low dose groups were 100, 10, 1μmol/L, and that of estradiol group were 10-3μmol/L. The activity of proliferation was detected by MTT. Then collagen type I (Col I), collagen typeⅢ (ColⅢ), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) expression levels of mRNA after administration of cells were detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the control group, the proliferation of ESF-1 cells (0.559 ± 0.027, 0.552 ± 0.034vs. 0.489 ± 0.027,P<0.05) in the estradiol and medium-dose PDG was significantly higher. The expression level of mRNA of ColⅠ(0.958 ± 0.021, 0.929 ± 0.031, 0.916 ± 0.015vs. 0.844 ± 0.022), ColⅢ (0.783 ± 0.038, 0.918 ± 0.021, 0.855 ± 0.017vs. 0.678 ± 0.024), TIMP-1 (0.939 ± 0.025, 0.889 ± 0.036, 0.853 ±  0.015 vs. 0.780 ± 0.023), TIMP-2 (0.507 ± 0.024, 0.655 ± 0.037, 0.572 ± 0.025vs. 0.405 ± 0.062) in the estradiol, low-, medium-dose PDG groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Besides, the MMP-1 (0.343 ± 0.038, 0.407 ± 0.046, 0.435 ± 0.037vs.0.519 ± 0.041) mRNA expression level in the middle and low dose PDG groups significantly decrease (P<0.05 orP<0.01). Conclusions The PDG could enhance the activity of ESF-1 cell proliferation, increase the expression of related collagen and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases and inhibit that of matrix metalloproteinases to repair scalded skin.

Objective To evaluate the role of interleukin-12 (IL-12) in the spinal cord in the maintenance of arthritic pain (AP) in rats.Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 6-8 weeks,weighing 200-300 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table: control group (group C, n=6);AP group (n=9);phosphate buffer solution (PBS) group (n=6);IL-12 antibody group (n =6).AP was induced by injecting 50 μl of complete Freund' s adjuvant into the ankle joint cavity of the left hindpaw of rats anesthetized with isoflurane.Goat anti-rat IL-12 antibody 1.50 μg (20 μl) was intrathecally injected on 9 days after establishment of the model in group IL-12 antibody, while 0.01 mol/L PBS (20 μl) was administered in group PBS.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold to yon Frey filament stimulation (MWT) was measured before establishment of the model (baseline) and on 9 and 10 days after establishment of the model.The rats were sacrificed after the last measurement of pain threshold, and the L4 6 segments of the spinal cord were obtained for detection of IL-12 expression in the spinal dorsal horn (by immunofluorescence) , and the co-expression of IL-12 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (an astrocyte marker) was examined simultaneously in group AP.Results Compared with group C, the MWT was significantly decreased, and the expression of IL-12 was up-regulated on 9 and 10 days after establishment of the model in AP, PBS and IL-12 antibody groups.Compared with group AP, the MWT was significantly increased at 10 days after establishment of the model, and the expression of IL-12 was down-regulated in group IL-12 antibody, and no significant change was found in the MWT at 10 days after establishment of the model and expression of IL-12 in group PBS.IL-12 was co-expressed with glial fibrillary acidic protein in group AP.Conclusion IL-12 in the spinal cord is involved in the maintenance of AP in rats.

Objective To explore the mechanism and regulative function of betulin on anti-aging genes related of normol human dermal fibroblasts (ESF-1), and to reveal the repairing mechanism of betulin on wrinkles. Methods The cultured cell in vitro were divided into the control group, the estradiol group and the betulin high, medium and low dose groups. Competence of ESF-1 cells was detected by MTT. Expression of mRNA of collagen type I and Ⅲ (ColⅠand Col Ⅲ), tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) was detected by RT-PCR. Results Compared with the control group, the proliferation of ESF-1 cells (0.455 ± 0.037, 0.445 ± 0.040 vs. 0.385 ± 0.601) in the estradiol group and the medial-dose betulin group were increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of mRNA of ColⅠ (0.960 ± 0.012, 0.929 ± 0.015 vs. 0.842 ± 0.014), Col Ⅲ (0.892 ± 0.009, 0.824 ± 0.022 vs. 0.768 ± 0.025), TIMP-1 (0.938 ± 0.026, 0.878 ± 0.035 vs. 0.796 ± 0.022), TIMP-2 (0.557 ± 0.025, 0.506 ± 0.036 vs. 0.436 ± 0.063) in the estradiol group and the medial-dose betulin group were increased (all P<0.01). Conclusion Betulin based on increasing the competence of ESF-1 cells, promoting collagen synthesis and the expression level of related-proteinase is to suspend the development of wrinkles.