Using chemically defined medium as the control, mechanism of corn steep liquor (CSL) in complex medium during glycerol production by Candida glycerinogenes was studied.The results showed that there were three key factors in CSL that had some great influences on glycerol fermentation of C.glycerinogenes, including phosphorus, nitrogen, and trace elements.The maximum glycerol yield of 53.44% was achieved at an optimal phosphorus concentration of 121.75mg/L, where the CSL concentration was 14g/L.Phosphorus in CSL could control the distribution of carbon metabolism flux between EMP pathway and HMP pathway.With the increase in CSL concentrations, superfluous phosphorus could restrain HMP pathway and activate EMP pathway, thus resulting in remarkable changes in various fermentation parameters of complex medium.Nitrogen in CSL could play a cooperative role in the regulative function of phosphorus.However, it was not a suitable nitrogen source for C.glycerinogenes.Trace elements in CSL could markedly improve the glucose consumption rate, accelerate the cell growth, and enhance the glycerol yield.

Animals ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Myocarditis ; metabolism ; virology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Osteopontin ; metabolism ; Virus Diseases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of activation of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) by ethanol on the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the kidney of diabetic rats.

METHODSEightheen healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6): normal control group, diabetes group and ethanol + diabetes group. After 8 weeks, 24 h urine samples from rats were collected to detect urinary protein content. The kidney was isolated and the ratio of kidney weight/body weight (index of kidney weight) was detected. The levels of fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were measured. Morphological changes of renal tissue were observed by optical microscope. The protein expressions of ALDH2 and JNK in renal tissue were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control rats, the levels of fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and the index of kidney weight were increased markedly in diabetic rats. The expression of ALDH2 protein was decreased, while p-JNK, JNK protein expressions and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK were increased. The morphological observation was shown that the amount of glomerular mesangial matrix were increased, basement membrane were thickened and capillary lumen were narrowed. However,in ethanol + diabetes group, renal function was improved and the damage of renal structure was attenuated. The expression of ALDH2 protein was increased, while p-JNK, JNK and the ratio of p-JNK/JNK were decreased.

CONCLUSIONEnhanced ALDH2 expression can protect kidney in diabetic rats, which may be relevant with inhibitting the activity of JNK pathway.

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; physiology ; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; enzymology ; Ethanol ; pharmacology ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Kidney ; enzymology ; Male ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

In MAST (mRNA accessible site tagging),the DNA tags from synthesized library were employed for identifying mRNA accessible sites. A large number of tags were amplified and subcloned for sequencing to verify mRNA binding profiles. A PCR was designed by using one primer which bridges over the tag terminal sequences. In PCR reaction DNA tag fragments were concatemerized by a bridge primer in reaction cycles. The concatemerized tag fragments were subcloned and sequenced. Dozens of the concatemerized sequences contained thousands tags. The PCR was a simple,effective way which for sequencing tags in a high through put manner.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of urine Cystatin C(Cys C) for renal function impairment in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods The urine Cys C concentration was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in 47 cases of HIE newborns(25 cases were mild HIE and 22 cases were moderate-severe HIE) within 3 days after their birth.Twenty-three cases without perinatal asphyxia or other factors which could result in renal function impairment were selected as control group.Urine Cys C with urine retinal-bindingprotein(RBP),?2-microglobulin(?2-MG) and fractional sodium excretion(FENa%) were analyzed by kolmogorov-smirno in each group.Results Compared with control group,the concentration of urine Cys C,RBP and the levels of FENa% in HIE newborns were significantly elevated.The levels of urine Cys C in moderate-severe HIE newborns were significantly higher than those in mild HIE newborns(Pa

Psychrotrophs were isolated by using four media from low-temperature sewage of sewage treatment plant in Urumqi, Xinjiang. Totally, 154 strains were obtained including 12 filamentous fungi, 46 yeasts, 6 actinomycetes and 90 bacteria. The results of tolerance tests of the isolates to salt, phenol and SDS, and enzyme producing characters of amylase, proteinase and esterase were shown. Then 60 bacterial strains were chosen for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis. The blasting results showed that the strains were assigned to 13 recognized genera , and the Strain 39 exhibited 96.6% similarity to Acinetobacter lwoffii(DSM2403), indicating that it might be a novel species. These results suggested that there were a lot of psychrotrophs and rich bacterial diversity in low-temperature sewage. In addition, which maybe an important and potential library of microbial resources.

In this study, the effect of heparin-derived oligosaccharide (HDO) on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and the related signal transduction mechanisms were investigated. MTT assays were used to measure VSMCs proliferation. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. The level of key regulatory proteins in PKC, MAPK and Akt/PI3K pathways were determined by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunocytochemical methods. Meanwhile, mRNA expressions of some proto-oncogenes were assayed by RT-PCR method. Our data showed that HDO (0.01, 0.1 and 1 μmol · L(-1)) inhibited 30 ng · mL(-1) PDGF-induced VSMCs proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, blocked the G1/S transition and inhibited the level of key regulatory proteins and some proto-oncogenes (P < 0.05). The results showed that HDO may decrease the key regulatory proteins expression, hence suppress the transcription of proto-oncogene and G1/S transition, finally inhibiting VSMCs proliferation.
Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Flow Cytometry ; Heparin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; drug effects ; Oligosaccharides ; pharmacology ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction

Brucellosis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male

American Medical Association ; Humans ; Liver Failure, Acute ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Liver Transplantation ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; United States

OBJECTIVETo study whether acupressure could relieve urinary retention after radical hysterectomy in cervical cancer patients.

METHODSA randomized controlled prospective double-blinded trial was carried out in 107 urinary retention patients undergoing grade III radical hysterectomy. They were assigned to Group A (positive acupoints, 40 cases), Group B (negative acupoints, 32 cases) , and Group C (with no acupoints, 35 cases). All patients received protective 115 000 potassium permanganate sitz bath, 15 - 20 min each time, 3 times per day. Patients in Group A received acupressure at positive points [liniao point and Qihai (RN6)] combined points by syndrome typing [Guanyuan (RN4) , Zhongji (RN3) , Shenshu (BL23) , Zusanli (ST36), Sanyinjiao (SP6), and Taixi (K13)]. Patients in Group B received negative acupressure at sham-acupoints (for adjusting gastrointestinal functions). Patients in Group C only received conventional sitz bath. All medication was performed 3 times per day, 7 days as one therapeutic course, 21 days in total. The residual urine volume was detected. The recovery time for bladder function was recorded. The average residual urine volume was also recorded at day 7, 14, and 21.

RESULTSCompared with Group B and C, the time for ureter retention was shortened for mild and severe CKD patients in Group A (P <0. 01). The residual urine volume was also lessened for mild and severe CKD patients in Group A at day 7, 14, and 21 (P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONCervical cancer patients could relieve urinary retention by self-acupressure after radical hysterectomy.

Acupressure ; Acupuncture Points ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Prospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Retention ; therapy ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; therapy