Objective To evaluate the application of intra-operative cholangiography in cholecystectomy. Methods A total of 442 patients with biliary calculi underwent cholecystotomy were reviewed. Results Of the 442 cases, 3 were false positive and 1 was false negative radiologically. The accuracy rate was 99.1％. Conclusion The results suggested that the application of intra-operative cholangiography could decrease the incidence of residual calculi and avoid unnessary exploration and trauma of the common bile duct.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of CDK4 and p16 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissues. METHOD: The expressions of CDK4 and p16 in 30 cases of LSCC tissues and 20 cases of edge tissues were detected by immunohistochemical technology SP method, and discuss their correlation with clincial pathology and clinical stage of LSCC. RESULT: The positive rates of CDK4 and p16 were 63. 3 %,46. 7% in LSCC tissues, and the positive rates were 25%, 90% in edge tissues. The expression of CDK4 in LSCC tissues was significantly higher than that in edge tissues(P<0. 05), which was not associated with the clincial pathology and clinical stage(P> 0. 05); The expression of p16 in LSCC tissues was significantly lower than that in edge tissues(P<0. 05), it was associated with the clincial pathology (P<0. 05), but not associated with clinical stage(P>0. 05) ;there is a negative correlation between CDK4 and p16 (r= -0. 786, P<0. 05). CONCLUSION Low expression of p16 and high expression of CDK4 may play an important role in the development of LSCC and the low expression of p16 in LSCC tissue could be used as important reference markers of malignant degree of tumour.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; biosynthesis ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; biosynthesis ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Objective To examine expression of PTEN gene in ovarian cancer cisplatin-sensitive cell line OV2008 cells and cisplatin-resistant cell line C13K cells,and evaluate the effect of wild-type PTEN gene on reversing cisplatin-resistance of C13K cells and underlying mechanisms.Methods The expression of PTEN mRNA and protein in OV2008 and C13K cells were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blot.Recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid containing human wild-type PTEN gene was transfected into C13K cells by lipofectamine 2000.The expression of PTEN mRNA was monitored by RT- PCR and the expression of PTEN,protein kinase B(AKT),phospho-AKT(p-AKT)protein were analyzed by western blot in PTEN transfected and untransfected C13K cells.Proliferation and chemosensitivity of cells to cisplatin were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT),and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry after treatment with cisplatin.Results(1)The expression of PTEN mRNA and protein(1.02 ?0.05,1.02?0.07)in OV2008 cells were significantly higher than those in C13K cells,which were 0.45 ?0.03 and 0.55?0.03 respectively(P

0.05).ConclusionThe neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy can improve the sphincter-saving rate,probably can improve the resection rate and reduce the recurrence rate for the middle-lower rectal carcinoma.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation combined with endurance resistance exercises in treating female with chronic neck pain, and explore the mechanism. Methods: A total of 57 female patients with chronic neck pain who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a manipulation group (29 cases) and a medium-frequency electrotherapy group (28 cases). Patients in both groups received the same endurance exercise therapy, while those in the manipulation group received additional tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation, and those in the medium-frequency electrotherapy group received additional medium-frequency electrotherapy. Both groups were treated for 5 weeks. Before and after treatment, the neck function of patients was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS), Analgesy-Meter, Northwick Park questionnaire (NPQ), root mean square (RMS) and median frequency (MF) of surface electromyography of sternocleidomastoid muscle and posterior cervical extensor muscle, and the patients were followed up at a month after treatment. Results: All patients completed the treatment and were followed up. Compared with the same group before treatment, the VAS scores of both groups decreased, the tenderness values increased, the RMS and MF values increased, and the NPQ scores decreased after treatment (all P<0.05). The improvement of manipulation group was more notable than that of medium-frequency electrotherapy group (all P<0.05). At one-month follow-up, the VAS and NPQ scores of the manipulation group were lower than those before and after treatment, and the VAS and NPQ scores of the medium-frequency electrotherapy group were only lower than those before treatment; the two scores of the manipulation group were lower than those of the medium-frequency electrotherapy group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation combined with endurance resistance exercises can relieve neck pain and cervical dysfunction in female patients with chronic neck pain. The efficacy of this method is more durable and better than that of medium-frequency electrotherapy combined with endurance exercises.

Objective To investigate the molecular characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Guizhou Province. Methods Using a convenience sampling strategy, 8 583 samples were collected in Guizhou and an investigation was conducted including face-to-face questionnaire interview and HIV testing. Results 1 511 cases failed in HIV suppression (viral load, VL>1 000 copies/ml). 1 410 cases (93.31%) were successfully genotyped with HIV pol gene, among which 51.42% were genotyped as CRF01_AE, 26.67% as CRF07_BC and 16.1% as CRF08_BC. Conclusion The subtype changes caused by HIV gene mutation should precede the changes of main transmission routes of HIV through the analysis in recent years. Timely monitoring the changes of HIV subtypes can be one of the main bases for the prevention and control of AIDS.

Objecfive To investigate the clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis of autoimmune diseases associated and non-autoimmune diseases associated hemophagocytic syndrome.Methotis Clinical records of 15 cases witll secondary hemophagocytic syndrome'were collected and the relations with treatment and prognosis was analyze.The similarities and differences between autoimmune disease associated bemophagocytic syndrome (group A)and non-autoimmune disease associated hemophagocytic syndrome (group B)were compared.Fisher exact test,t test and Willcoxen test were used for statistical analysis.Results Both groups had fever,bleeding,jaundice,hepatosplenomegaly,and arthralgia,skin rash and positive of autoantibodies in group A were discovered specifically.But in group B,the patients with icterus were mo common(38% vs 100%,p=0.018).There was no significant difference in their laboratory data and prognosis when compared between the two groups(P>0.05).The patients who received corticosteroids and IVIG and/or immunosuppressive agents had better prognosis(P<0.05).Conclusion Except for icterus there is no significant difference in clinical features and laboratory data among autoimmune disease associated hemophagocytic syndrome and other secondary hemophagocytic syndrome.And the therapy with corticosteroids combined with IVIG and/or immunosupprcssive agents is effective.

Now organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) bioremediation mainly means microbial bioremediation. However, phytoremediation has an advantage over microbial bioremediation because phytoremediation is safer and costs less than microbial bioremediation. Nevertheless, phytoremediation has limitations yet such as plants need better growth conditions and the efficiency of phytoremediation is lower. All these have confined the application of phytoremediation. Progresses of microbial bioremediation and phytoremediation of OPs were reviewed and OPs degrading enzymes and their organism sources, which are known by now, were summarized. Moreover, there are five important ways to enhance the efficiency of phytoremediation of OPs. They are culling plants, studying the action between soil and OPs, studying the genes that can resist or get rid of OPs, setting up the combined system of microbial bioremediation and phytoremediation and using degrading enzymes secreted selectively by roots.

Objective To determine the frequency of polymorphism at exon 26 (C3435T) of muhidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1) in epileptic patients in the southern Chinese and to study the association of this polymorphism with pharmacoresistance.Methods DNA samples were obtained from 134 patients,of whom 72 were resistant to antiepileptic drug treatment and 62 were responsive to the treatment. Genotypes of the C3435T polymorphism were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction digestion and gel electrophoresis.Genotype and allele frequencies in the drug resistant group were compared to those in the response group by Chi-square analysis.Results Of all 134 patients,33 (24.6%) had CC genotype,72 (53.7%) had CT genotype,and 29 (21.6%) had TT genotype.The frequency of CC genotype was significantly higher in the pharmaeoresistance group (33.3%) than that in the responsive group (14.5%,P=0.012).The frequency of the C allele was also significantly higher in the pharmacoresistance group (57.6%) than that in the responsive group (44.4%,P=0.03).When patients were divided by types of seizure into three groups:generalized seizure group,partial seizure group,and undefined seizure group,the CC genotype and C allele were associated with pharmacoresistance in the partial seizure group.Conclusions In the southern Chinese,the CC genotype and C allele are associated with resistance to the antiepileptic treatment.This finding needs to be verified in studies with larger sample size.

AIM:To observe the effect of fresh amniotic membrane transplantation ( FAMT) in acute ocular chemical burns.
●METHODS:A prospective study of 25 consecutive cases (36 eyes) with acute ocular chemical burns were treated with FAMT. The clinical efficacy was observed such as the time of amniotic membrane absorbed, corneal epithelialization & transparency, visual acuities and complications.
●RESULTS: With follow-up ranged from 3 to 6mo, 31 eyes′ amniotic membrane were dissolved in 2wk (86%). A total of 33 eyes showed corneal epithelialization in 4wk ( 92%) , 3 eyes showed persistent corneal epithelial defects and need secondary limbal stem cell transplantation or corneal transplantation ( 8%) . A total of 10 eyes showed superficial corneal vascularization (28%), 6 eyes′ cornea were opacity in part (17%), and one eye was symblepharon (3%).
●CONCLUSION:Early FAMT is an effective treatment in the management of acute ocular chemical burns to support epithelial healing, restore ocular surface integrity with potential to improve vision and reduce the incidence of complications. Furthermore, FAMT has advantages of easily obtain and convenient usage, which is suitable in local hospital of our country.