Objective To evaluate the application of intra-operative cholangiography in cholecystectomy. Methods A total of 442 patients with biliary calculi underwent cholecystotomy were reviewed. Results Of the 442 cases, 3 were false positive and 1 was false negative radiologically. The accuracy rate was 99.1％. Conclusion The results suggested that the application of intra-operative cholangiography could decrease the incidence of residual calculi and avoid unnessary exploration and trauma of the common bile duct.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of CDK4 and p16 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissues. METHOD: The expressions of CDK4 and p16 in 30 cases of LSCC tissues and 20 cases of edge tissues were detected by immunohistochemical technology SP method, and discuss their correlation with clincial pathology and clinical stage of LSCC. RESULT: The positive rates of CDK4 and p16 were 63. 3 %,46. 7% in LSCC tissues, and the positive rates were 25%, 90% in edge tissues. The expression of CDK4 in LSCC tissues was significantly higher than that in edge tissues(P<0. 05), which was not associated with the clincial pathology and clinical stage(P> 0. 05); The expression of p16 in LSCC tissues was significantly lower than that in edge tissues(P<0. 05), it was associated with the clincial pathology (P<0. 05), but not associated with clinical stage(P>0. 05) ;there is a negative correlation between CDK4 and p16 (r= -0. 786, P<0. 05). CONCLUSION Low expression of p16 and high expression of CDK4 may play an important role in the development of LSCC and the low expression of p16 in LSCC tissue could be used as important reference markers of malignant degree of tumour.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; biosynthesis ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; biosynthesis ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

Objective To examine expression of PTEN gene in ovarian cancer cisplatin-sensitive cell line OV2008 cells and cisplatin-resistant cell line C13K cells,and evaluate the effect of wild-type PTEN gene on reversing cisplatin-resistance of C13K cells and underlying mechanisms.Methods The expression of PTEN mRNA and protein in OV2008 and C13K cells were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blot.Recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid containing human wild-type PTEN gene was transfected into C13K cells by lipofectamine 2000.The expression of PTEN mRNA was monitored by RT- PCR and the expression of PTEN,protein kinase B(AKT),phospho-AKT(p-AKT)protein were analyzed by western blot in PTEN transfected and untransfected C13K cells.Proliferation and chemosensitivity of cells to cisplatin were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT),and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry after treatment with cisplatin.Results(1)The expression of PTEN mRNA and protein(1.02 ?0.05,1.02?0.07)in OV2008 cells were significantly higher than those in C13K cells,which were 0.45 ?0.03 and 0.55?0.03 respectively(P

0.05).ConclusionThe neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy can improve the sphincter-saving rate,probably can improve the resection rate and reduce the recurrence rate for the middle-lower rectal carcinoma.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation combined with endurance resistance exercises in treating female with chronic neck pain, and explore the mechanism. Methods: A total of 57 female patients with chronic neck pain who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a manipulation group (29 cases) and a medium-frequency electrotherapy group (28 cases). Patients in both groups received the same endurance exercise therapy, while those in the manipulation group received additional tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation, and those in the medium-frequency electrotherapy group received additional medium-frequency electrotherapy. Both groups were treated for 5 weeks. Before and after treatment, the neck function of patients was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS), Analgesy-Meter, Northwick Park questionnaire (NPQ), root mean square (RMS) and median frequency (MF) of surface electromyography of sternocleidomastoid muscle and posterior cervical extensor muscle, and the patients were followed up at a month after treatment. Results: All patients completed the treatment and were followed up. Compared with the same group before treatment, the VAS scores of both groups decreased, the tenderness values increased, the RMS and MF values increased, and the NPQ scores decreased after treatment (all P<0.05). The improvement of manipulation group was more notable than that of medium-frequency electrotherapy group (all P<0.05). At one-month follow-up, the VAS and NPQ scores of the manipulation group were lower than those before and after treatment, and the VAS and NPQ scores of the medium-frequency electrotherapy group were only lower than those before treatment; the two scores of the manipulation group were lower than those of the medium-frequency electrotherapy group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation combined with endurance resistance exercises can relieve neck pain and cervical dysfunction in female patients with chronic neck pain. The efficacy of this method is more durable and better than that of medium-frequency electrotherapy combined with endurance exercises.

Objective To investigate the molecular characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Guizhou Province. Methods Using a convenience sampling strategy, 8 583 samples were collected in Guizhou and an investigation was conducted including face-to-face questionnaire interview and HIV testing. Results 1 511 cases failed in HIV suppression (viral load, VL>1 000 copies/ml). 1 410 cases (93.31%) were successfully genotyped with HIV pol gene, among which 51.42% were genotyped as CRF01_AE, 26.67% as CRF07_BC and 16.1% as CRF08_BC. Conclusion The subtype changes caused by HIV gene mutation should precede the changes of main transmission routes of HIV through the analysis in recent years. Timely monitoring the changes of HIV subtypes can be one of the main bases for the prevention and control of AIDS.

AIM:To observe the effect of fresh amniotic membrane transplantation ( FAMT) in acute ocular chemical burns.
●METHODS:A prospective study of 25 consecutive cases (36 eyes) with acute ocular chemical burns were treated with FAMT. The clinical efficacy was observed such as the time of amniotic membrane absorbed, corneal epithelialization & transparency, visual acuities and complications.
●RESULTS: With follow-up ranged from 3 to 6mo, 31 eyes′ amniotic membrane were dissolved in 2wk (86%). A total of 33 eyes showed corneal epithelialization in 4wk ( 92%) , 3 eyes showed persistent corneal epithelial defects and need secondary limbal stem cell transplantation or corneal transplantation ( 8%) . A total of 10 eyes showed superficial corneal vascularization (28%), 6 eyes′ cornea were opacity in part (17%), and one eye was symblepharon (3%).
●CONCLUSION:Early FAMT is an effective treatment in the management of acute ocular chemical burns to support epithelial healing, restore ocular surface integrity with potential to improve vision and reduce the incidence of complications. Furthermore, FAMT has advantages of easily obtain and convenient usage, which is suitable in local hospital of our country.

Objective To investigate the difference between the early phases and delay phase of three-phase bone scintigraphy on hemiplegic patients with earlier complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).Methods Twenty-nine stroke patients with hemiplegia complicating CRPS received three-phase bone scintigraphy after intravenous injection of 99Tcm-methylene diphosphonate (MDP). The region of interest (ROI)technique was used to obtain the radioactive counts of involved joints and contralateral sites on wrists,metacarpophalangeal,proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints. The total counts of these four sites in each patient were then obtained and the total uptake ratios of involved joints/contralateral joints for each phase were calculated to compare the difference among the three phases. Wilcoxon test and ANOVA were used in data analyses. Results The involved joints of hemiplegic side displayed higher tracer uptake.There were significant differences of the radioactive counts between involved joints and uninvolved ones in the perfusion,pool and delay phase (Wilcoxon test,Z:-4.73 to -2.10,P＜0.05). There was no significant difference of total uptake ratios of involved joints/contralateral joints among the three phases ( ANOVA,F = 0. 807,P ＞ 0.05 ). Conclusions Due to higher bone seeking agent accumulation on three-phase bone scintigraphy,both early phases and delay phase imaging showed similar value in stroke patients with hemiplegia complicating earlier CRPS.

AIM: To investigate the cell cycle arrest ind uced by hypoxia, hypoxia inducible factor-1 and their possible mechanism in huma n ovarian cancer cell line SW626. METHODS: CoCl 2, a chemical inducer of hypoxia and hypoxic cell culture chamber were used to induce chemical and physical hypoxia in human ovar ian cancer cell line SW626. The method of ‘decoy’ was used to block the functi on of HIF-1? because it acts as the core sequence of the target gene as a compe titor combined to the HIF-1?. The cells were divided into group A1 (normal oxyg en), A2 (normal oxygen plus HIF-1? decoy), B1 (CoCl 2), B2 (CoCl 2 plus HIF-1 ? decoy), C1 (hypoxia) and C2 (hypoxia plus HIF-1?). The expression of the HIF -1? protein, mRNA and cell cycle analysis were detected by Western blotting, RT -PCR and flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: The expression level of HIF-1? protein in group B1 (3 .75?1.31) and group C1 (3.48?1.01) was significantly higher than that in g roup A1 (0.97?0.31) (P0.05). FCM showed that the G 0/ G 1 phase was markedly increased in group B1 (81.78?24.33) and group C1 (77 .62?22.76) and was significantly higher than that in group A1 (49.49?18.54 ) (P0.05). CONCLUSION: Both CoCl 2 and physical hypoxia could distinctly i nduce cell cycle arrest in G 0/G 1 phase and the expression of HIF-1? in huma n ovarian cancer cell line SW626. HIF-1? plays an important role in cell cycle arrest induced by hypoxia in human ovarian cancer cell line SW626.

In order to investigate the role of the PTEN expression in carcinogenesis and development of endometrial carcinoma and clarify whether and how PTEN and PI3K/Akt pathway relate to endometrial carcinoma, the expression of PTEN and phospho-Akt was detected by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods and Western-blot from 24 cases of endometrial carcinoma, 10 cases of endometrial atypical hyperplasia, 10 cases of endometrial hyperplasia, and 10 cases of normal endometrium. SP immunohistochemical methods were used to measure levels of PTEN protein expression in following 5 study groups: 31 cases of endometrium in proliferative phase, 30 cases of endometrium in secretory phase, 71 cases of endometrial hyperplasia, 25 cases of atypical hyperplasia and 73 cases of endometrial carcinoma. Immunostaining score of PTEN was 3.39+/-0.15 in proliferative phase, 1.90+/-0.21 in secretory phase, 3.34+/-0.29 in endometrial hyperplasia, 0.62+/-0.11 in atypical hyperplasia, and 0.74+/-0.19 in endometrial carcinoma, respectively. PTEN mRNA relative value in normal endometrium, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial atypical hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma was 2.45+/-0.51, 2.32+/-0.32, 0.46+/-0.11, and 0.35+/-0.13 respectively. The expression levels of PTEN mRNA and protein in patients with endometrial carcinoma and atypical hyperplasia were significantly lower than in those of proliferative phase and with endometrial hyperplasia. The level of PTEN expression in patients with endometrial carcinoma was significantly related to tissue type (P<0.005), differentiation (P<0.05) and clinical stage (P<0.05), but not to depth of myometrium invasion (P>0.05). Western blot analysis revealed that Phospho-Akt level in PTEN negative cases was significantly higher, and there was a negative correlation between PTEN and phospho-Akt (r=-0.8973, P<0.0001). It was suggested that loss of PTEN expression was an early event in endometrial tumorigenesis. The phosphorylation of Akt induced by the loss of PTEN took part in the tumorigenesis and development of endometrial carcinoma.