Objective To develop a stable and sensitive microemulsion liquid chromatography method by using oil-in-water microemulsion mobile phase;To simultaneously determine five major active lignans, namely, schizandrin, schisandrol B, schisantherin A, deoxyschizandrin, and schisandrin B, in Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus. Methods The quantitative determination was conducted by using Kromasil C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5μm). The influence of the composition of the microemulsion system on separation effect and retention time was studied. The method was optimized to sodium dodecyl sulfonate 3.3%(SDS, W/V), n-octanol 1.2% (V/V) and n-butanol 6.6% (V/V) in 20 mmol/L phosphate buffer (adjusted to pH 7.0 with orthophosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide). The flow rate was set at 0.7 mL/min. The compound peaks were detected by UV at 254 nm. The column temperature was 25 ℃. Results Under the optimized conditions, baseline separation of 5 lignans was achieved in 20 min, and the separation was satisfying. Schizandrin, schisandrol B, schisantherin A, deoxyschizandrin, and schisandrin B were in linear relation within the ranges of 2.0-155.0, 8.3-166.7, 8.8-175.8, 8.3-166.7, 8.9-177.1μg/mL (r>0.999). The limit of detection ranged from 0.06μg/mL to 0.18μg/mL, and the limit of quantitation ranged from 0.17μg/mL to 0.55μg/mL. The average recovery values were between 97.22%and 100.8%. Conclusion This method is simple, accurate and reliable, and can be successfully applied to simultaneous determination of five major active lignans in 13 batches of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus from different producing areas in China.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Analgesia ; methods ; Female ; Fentanyl ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Pain, Postoperative ; prevention & control ; Tonsillectomy ; methods ; Young Adult

A case of a fibrous histiocytoma (FH) of the larynx in a 54-year-old male is reported. Laryngeal fibrous histiocytoma is uncommon. The case recurred several times over 4-year period. Its pathology is described including arguments on potential malignancy and the way of management.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and carry out analysis on pharmacoeconomic cost-effect of three therapeutic schemes in the treatment for stroke. Methods Through a retrospective survey method, 115 stroke patients, based on different treatment methods, were divided into 3 groups:Xuesaitong group (A), carthamin yellow group (B), and Xueshuantong group (C). An analysis on pharmacoeconomic cost-effect was conducted. Results The costs of three therapeutic schemes were 1030.4 yuan, 1876 yuan, and 1545.6 yuan, respectively. The total effective rates of stroke patients in groups A, B and C were 85.37%, 88.57% and 90.04%, respectively. The cost-effect ratios of groups A, B and C were 12.07, 21.18, and 17.17. The added cost-effect ratios of groups B and C compared with group A were 264.25 and 110.32, respectively. Conclusion Xueshuantong Injection has more pharmacoeconomic advantage than Xuesaitong and carthamin yellow Injections in treating stroke.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effects of Berberine Capsule (BC) on patients with mild hyperlipidemia.

METHODSTotally 102 mild hyperlipemia patients were recruited. All patients were suggested to have proper diet and physical activity as basic therapy for 1 month of run-in period. Totally 97 patients completed it. Then they were randomly assigned to the berberine group (the treatment group, 49 cases) and the placebo group (the control group, 48 cases). Patients in the treatment group took BC 300 mg, while those in the control group took placebo 300 mg, thrice per day for 3 successive months. Then placebos and BC were interrupted for 2 months (as washout period). All subjects received only diet control and physical activity during washout period. After washout period, placebos and BC were re-administered to all patients in the same way for 3 months. Body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C were assessed after run-in period, washout period, at month 1, 2, 3 after the first therapy, at month 1, 2, 3 after second treatment, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with the end of run-in period, TG, TC, and LDL-C decreased, and HDL-C increased in the treatment group (P < 0.05) after first 3 months of treatment. Compared with 3 months after the first therapy, TG, TC, and LDL-C increased and HDL-C decreased in the treatment group after washout period (P < 0.05). Compared with the end of wash- out period, TC and LDL-C decreased in the treatment group at month 2 after second treatment (P < 0.05); TG, TC, and LDL-C decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and HDL-C increased (P < 0.05) at month 3 after second treatment. Compared with the control group at month 3 after second treatment, TG, TC, and LDL-C all decreased, and HDL-C increased in the treatment group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBC was effective in improving blood lipid level in mild hyperlipidemia patients.

Berberine ; therapeutic use ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Body Mass Index ; Capsules ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; Lipids ; blood

Objective To study the dynamic changes and potential impacts on the voice in postoperative pa-tients with different types of thyroid operation.Methods A total of 48 cases thyroidectomy,34 with thyroid isth-mus and lobectomy and 4 with total thyroidectomy,and 19 cases neck operation were included in this study for the examinations of electric laryngoscope,and acoustic voice analysis preoperative and postoperative,respectively.The characteristics of the acoustic parameters were analyzed.Results Vocal cord paralysis and cricothyroid joint disloca-tion in all the patients before and after operation were not observed.For male patients in the experimental group, postoperative parameter values of F0TD were higher than the day before surgery and 30 days after thyroidectomy. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 ).In female patients,postoperative parameter values of F0 were lower than the day before surgery and 2nd,7th,and30th day after thyroidectomy.Postoperative parameter values of Jitter for 30th day were lower than 1st day after the operation.The postoperative parameter values of F0TD for 1st,2nd,3rd,and 7th day were higher than the day before thyroidectomy.The parameter value of F0TD was lower than 1st day after surgery,and the postoperative parameter value of HNR for 30th day was lower than 3rd day after the thyroidectomy.The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 ).Compared to the control group,there were no significantly differences in male patients of experimental group before and after the surgery(P >0.05).The parameter values of F0 in famale patients before the thyroidectomy,the 1st,2nd,3rd,7th day after the surgery and the parameter value of Jitter,Shimmer,HNR for 1st day after the operation were significantly dif-ferent(P <0.05).There were no significant differences in all parameter value of 30 days after thyoidectomy(P >0. 05).Conclusion Voice parameter values alter in a way after thyroid surgery without apparent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury,especially in the female patients.The improvement of voice acoustic parameters can be observed on the 30th day after operation.

Objective To explore the application of gastric(enteric)-pharyngeal anastomosis for cervical esophageal carcinoma. Methods The clinical data of 12 cases with surgical management of cervical esophageal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. Results The resectability of cervical esophageal carcinoma was 100%,no case complicated with pharyngeal fistula.Swallowing function of all cases was in a good state.The overall follow-up was 1 to 7 years,among them 9 surviving,3 dead.The surviving 5 cases are over 3 years,the ongest beyond 7 years. Conclusions Gastric(enteric)-pharyngeal anastomosis is a good primarily rehabilitating method of the cervical esophageal defect after surgical treatment of cervical esophageal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Xiaoruzeng capsule on the gastric acid and pepsin in rats. METHODS:Rats were randomized into a blank group (distilled water),a positive control group (3.6 mg/kg omeprazole ) and the groups of low, middle and high doses of Xiaoruzeng capsule [2.25,4.5,9.1 g(crude drug)/kg]. These groups were respectively marked as groups A,B,C,D and E,with 10 rats in each group. All the rats were given corresponding drugs,ig,for consecutive 10 d. Their suc-cus gastricus was collected 3 h after the last administration,and determined for pH value with precision pH test strip and for free acidity and total acidity by acid-base neutralization titration method. The content and activity of pepsin were determined and calculat-ed with the test kit and microplate reader. The pathological change of the stomach was observed under the electron microscope. RE-SULTS:Compared with group A,groups B,C and D had higher pH value of succus gastricus;groups C,D and E had lower free acidity;groups B,C and D had lower total acidity,group E had higher total acidity;groups B,D and E had lower activity of pep-sin;and group C had higher content of pepsin. Compared with group B,group D had lower pH value of succus gastricus;group C had lower total acidity;group E had higher acidity;and groups C,D and E had higher activity of pepsin. There was statistical sig-nificance(P<0.01 or P<0.05). Gastric mucosal erosive haemorrhage was noted in three rats in group E,and other groups demon-strated no obvious pathological change. CONCLUSIONS:Low dose of Xiaoruzeng capsule can slightly inhibit the gastric acid in rats,but will not effect the activity of pepsin.

OBJECTIVE: To explore different conditions and buffers of antigen retrieval which affect the CK of SNIP on immunohistochemical staining results. METHOD: Dividing paraffin tissue sections of 11 patients into four groups. Using the Image-Pro Plus Image analyzer and taking five horizons for each section to calculate an average of 200 areas, measured standard optical density of the positive reaction areas. RESULT: It is divided into four groups: high temperature and high pressure citrate buffer retrieval, microwave EDTA buffer retrieval, microwave citrate retrieval, high temperature and high pressure EDTA buffer retrieval. The standard optical density of positive reaction areas respectively express: 0.324 ± 0.051, 0.325 ± 0.056, 0.303 ± 0.061, 0.365 ± 0.023. The rates of CK positive expression with high temperature and high pressure EDTA buffer retrieval is batter than other repairing groups in the same paraffin tissue sections (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION For the Pan of Sinonasal inverted papilloma, the method of high temperature and high pressure EDTA buffer antigen retrieval can achieve the ideal staining results? which is worth while to promote and maybe as a bet? ter guide of clinic work.
Antigens ; analysis ; Buffers ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Microwaves ; Nose Neoplasms ; immunology ; Papilloma, Inverted ; immunology ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; immunology ; Staining and Labeling ; methods

Objective Toevaluatea modified Ziehl-Neelsen(Z-N) stain in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. Methods Cerebrospinal fluid specimens from 35 patients were stained by using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Re-sults The positive rate was 94.29% in 35 patients with tuberculous meningitisand the intracellular acid-fast bacilli was detected in 53.40%of all specimens. One case was stained positive in 15 patients with non-tuberculous meningitis. Con-clusion The modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain not only significantly improves the detection rates of tuberculous meningitisbut alsois able to identify intracellular M.tuberculosisin cerebrospinal fluidspecimen.Thus, the modified Z-N stain can be a convenient tool for diagnosing tuberculous meningitis.