Objective]The article summarizes in diagnosis and treatment of dysmenorrhea academic thoughts and characteristics of drug use. [Methods] Summary by readingtext and access to a large number of relevant literature,the history of famous experts,combined with the actual clinical, summarized his main syndrome differentiation and treatment of dysmenorrhea thought and medication. [Results] Fu Qingzhu according to the onset of time divided into 5 types of dysmenorrhea, menstruation comes or breaks suddenly when pain exists or disappears, the menstruation upcoming accompanies abdomen ache, abdominal pain after menstruation,the menstruation upcoming lower abdominal pain and hematemesis and the umbilicus pain when the menstruation upcoming.Fu Qingzhu thought according to the pathogenesis of dysmenorrhea mainly with the liver, spleen and kidney three organs close relationship, the syndrome is stagnation of the liver qi and blood deficiency, liver depression of the fire, kidney deficiency and liver qi stagnation and reversal of liver qi, deficiency of spleen Yang, treatment with soothing liver and reinforcing kidney mainly.[Conclusion] Fu Qingzhu ’s idea in the dysmenorrhea was analyzed in detail, and pointed out the mistakes in the syndrome differentiation and put forward the original opinion and treatment of medicine, in order to inherit traditional Chinese medicine academic, improve the curative effect of dysmenorrhea.

ObjectiveThis paper aims to probe into the effect of working and studying combined teaching reform of chnical medicine major.MethodsTwo classes containing 46 students respectively were selected at random as observation group and control group,from the six classes of Grade Two majoring in clinical medicine.The two groups of students were trained by adopting working and studying combined teaching model and traditional teaching model respectively,after which they were evaluated in terms of clinical theory,practical skills and operations,and exercitation achievement.ResultsThe observation group does better in practical skills and exercitation achievement than the control group,while they have no difference in clinical theory.ConclusionWorking and studying combined teaching model can improve students' clinical analytical ability,strengthen their awareness of medical morals,and help them achieve more in exercitation.

Objective To study the effects of citrullinated vimentin (cVim) on the maturation and immunologic function of dendritic cells (DCs) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) peripheral blood.Methods In the present study,mononuclear cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with RA and cultivated in media containing GM-CSF and IL-4 to generate immature DCs (imDCs).The imDCs generated were stimulated with citrullinated vimentin and vimentin.LPS was used as the positive control and PBS was used as the negative control.The expression of surface molecules on the DCs,such as CD14,CD80,CD83,CD86,MHC Ⅰ and MHC Ⅱ were analyzed with FACS.The capability of the stimulatory activity of the DCs on allogeneic T cells in mixed reaction was tested by MTS.t-test was used for statistical analysis.Results Compared to untreated DCs,DCs treated with LPS increased the expression levels of MHC Ⅱ,CD80,CD83 and CD86 (1.07±0.14,1.25±0.13,1.90±1.08,2.44±0.65,P＜0.05),while cVim increased the expression levels of MHC Ⅱ ( 1.18±0.09,P＜0.05) and CD83 ( 1.97±0.99,P＜0.01 ),and Vim decreased the expression levels of CD80 (0.82±0.18,P＜0.01 ).It was demonstrated that the expression levels of MHC Ⅱ on DCs pulsed with cVim were significantly higher than that of the DCs with LPS,but the expression levels of CD80 and CD86 were not significantly different.The expression levels of MHC Ⅱ and CD83 on DCs pulsed with cVim were significantly higher than that of the DCs with Vim.The mixed lymphocyte reaction showed that the DCs induced by LPS and cVim trigerred the proli-feration of allogenic T cells obviously.Conclusion This result suggests that cVim could promote the phenotypic maturation of DCs and increase the expression of costimulatory molecules.

? AlM: To examine choroidal thickness and its relationship with axial length and spherical equivalent by spectral domain optical coherence tomography ( SD -OCT ) in patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization ( mCNV) .
?METHODS: We prospectively recruited 30 cases of mCNV in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from October 2010 to December 2014. SD-OCT was used to measure choroidal thickness subfoveally and at 1. 5mm superiorly, inferiorly, nasally and temporally ( SFCT, SCT1. 5mm , lCT1. 5mm , NCT1. 5mm , TCT1. 5mm ) . Paired t- test was conducted to assess the difference of spherical equivalent, axial length and choroidal thickness between mCNV group and controls. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between spherical equivalent, axial length, choroidal thickness and mCNV.
?RESULTS: The difference of spherical equivalent and axial length between mCNV group and controls was not significant (P>0. 05). lnferior was decreased in mCNV group compared with controls (140. 85±33. 46μm vs 168. 95±45. 36μm). The difference was significant (P=0. 008). Logistic regression demonstrated that decreased choroidal thickness ( lCT1. 5mm ) at inferior location was associated with mCNV (OR=2. 12;95%CI 1. 35~3. 28;P=0. 02).
?CONCLUSlON: The decrease of lCT1. 5MM may be one of the risk factors of mCNV.

Objective To observe the changes of hippocampal NogoA-NgR1 signaling on postoperative cognitive function (POCD) in aged mice, and explore the potential underling mechanism.Methods Isoflurane anesthesia and laparotomy were applied to establish the POCD model.Forty aged male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the following four groups (n=10): group O2+saline (group OS), group O2+NEP1-40 (group ON), group isoflurane anesthesia+laparotomy surgery+saline (group SS), and group isoflurane anesthesia+laparotomy surgery+NEP1-40 (group SN).Cannula placement was performed into lateral ventricle 7 days before the surgery.Animals were subjected to an administration of NEP1-40 (20 μg/2 μl) or isochoric saline via intracerebroventricular injection once daily for 8 consecutive days, injection was given from 2 h before isoflurane anesthesia to the last behavioral test.Open field test was performed at 5th d after operation.Contextual and cued fear conditioning training and testing were exhibited at 6th and 7th d after operation, respectively.The hippocampus was harvested 2 h after the behavioral test.Western blot was used to detect the expressions of NogoA, NgR1, RhoA, ROCK2 and GAP43.Golgi staining was applied to measure the changes of dendritic spines in hippocampal CA1 area.Results Compared with the groups OS and ON, the freezing time in the contextual fear conditioning test was significantly decreased, the contents of NogoA, NgR1, RhoA and ROCK2 were significantly increased, the content of GAP43 and the number of dendritic spine were significantly decreased in group SS (P<0.05).Compared with the group SS, the freezing time in the contextual fear conditioning test was significantly increased, the contents of RhoA and ROCK2 were significantly decreased, the content of GAP43 and the number of dendritic spine were significantly increased in group SN (P<0.05).Conclusion Over-activated of hippocampal NogoA-NgR1 signaling participated in the pathogenesis of POCD in aged mice.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine ; blood ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the semen quality of cancer patients and search for a better way of sperm cryopreservation for them.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the quality of the semen from 43 cancer patients under cryopreservation in the Sperm Bank of Zhejiang Province, and compared the semen parameters between the cancer patients and 248 normal donors as well as between the testicular cancer cases (n=22) and non-testicular cancer cases (n=21).

RESULTSThe cancer patients exhibited significantly lower semen quality than the normal donors as in sperm concentration (60.90 x 10(6)/ml vs 74.27 x 10(6)/ml), progressive motility (41.07% vs 51.79%), and recovery rate (49.98% vs 57.33%) (all P <0.05). Furthermore, the progressive sperm motility and sperm recovery rate after freezing were significantly decreased in the testicular cancer cases (15.68% and 42.81%) than in the non-testicular cancer cases (28.36% and 57.53%) (both P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONSemen quality declines in cancer patients, and therefore early sperm cryopreservation is essential for them. Due to the poor sperm motility and recovery rate of testicular cancer patients after freezing, further investigation is required on the improvement of sperm cryopreservation methods.

Adult ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Semen Preservation ; methods ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Testicular Neoplasms

The purpose of this study is to prepare T7 and TAT dual modified liposomes (T7-TAT-LIP) to penetrate through blood brain barrier and target to brain tumor cells. The liposomes were prepared with CFPE, T7 modified PEG-DSPE, TAT modified PEG-DSPE, soybean phospholipid, PEG-DSPE and cholesterol. The CFPE was used to track the cellular uptake efficiency. The density of T7 and TAT and the length of PEG were optimized, and then the liposomes were characterized by particle size, zeta potential, morphology and stability. Afterwards, the cellular uptake by bEnd.3 and C6 cells were evaluated. The results showed that the optimized parameters were 6% of T7, 0.5% of TAT, the molecular weight of PEG for T7 was 2000 and the molecular weight of PEG for TAT was 1000. After optimization, the particle size of T7-TAT-LIP was 118 nm, the zeta potential was -6.32 mV and the particles were spherical. The turbidity and particle size of liposomes were not obviously changed after 24 h incubation in PBS at 37 °C. The particle size and polydispersity index were also stable during 1 month incubation at 4-8 °C. The cellular uptake by both bEnd.3 and C6 cells of T7-TAT-LIP was higher than that of T7 or TAT modified liposomes, suggesting dual modified liposomes possessed better blood brain barrier targeting ability and brain tumor targeting ability than the single ligand modified liposomes.
Biological Transport ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Brain Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Cell-Penetrating Peptides ; pharmacology ; Cholesterol ; Liposomes ; Particle Size ; Phosphatidylethanolamines ; Polyethylene Glycols

Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase III (COIII) of duck was successfully amplified by PCR-mtDNA with duck muscle DNA as the template (GenBank Accession No. DQ655706). Cloning sequence analysis shows that the 784 bp nucleotides of COIII gene were contained. Through homology analysis, we confirmed that the cytochrome oxidase III (COIII) was relatively conservative. The method of PCR-mtDNA can be designed to detect the components of duck origin. And then, the method of PCR can be applied to amplify with the muscle DNA of various animal and feedstuff as the template, repeated verification, the primer (P3, P4) with strong specificity and good stability is screened, which can only amplify the sequence of duck. The special sequence contains 226 bp, the amplified product of 226 bp was sequenced and analyzed, it showed 100% homology with duck mtDNA COIII gene, which proved the accuracy of the special primer. The test that used different concentration of DNA with P3 and P4 is the sensitive experiment by PCR. The result showed that the primer has much specialty and rather sensitivity. So it is a way to detect the duck origin in the muscle of various animal and feedstuff.
Animal Feed ; analysis ; Animals ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ducks ; genetics ; Electron Transport Complex IV ; genetics ; Mitochondria, Muscle ; genetics ; Muscle, Skeletal ; chemistry ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity