OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the rational drug use and glycemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS:160 patients with type 2 diabetes in 3 communities of Tianjin were divided into 2 groups based on the understanding of the diabetic knowledge,group A(86 cases)had understanding of diabetic knowledge and group B(74 cases)had no. They were carried on the questionnaire survey about the general information,medication and glycemic control. RESULTS:A total of 160 ques-tionnaires were conducted,and 160 were effective with the effective rate of 100%. The proportion of patients with highly educated (college or above)in group A was significantly higher than group B,low education(secondary or below)was significantly lower than group B(P<0.05). The proportion of patients with medicine background in group A was significantly higher than group B(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the use ratio of different types of drugs for diabetes between group A and group B (P>0.05),however,the use ratio of self-purchase functional food in group A was 0,and group B(60.8%)was significantly high-er than group A(P<0.05). The recent self-test average blood glucose levels,the average blood glucose levels in the investigation day,the 2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in group A were significantly lower than group B(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The medication and glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes is closely related to the understand-ing of glycemic knowledge. Therefore,propaganda and education of medication and related functional food for patients need to be strengthened to promote the rational medication.

Child ; Early Diagnosis ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; diagnosis ; Humans

Objective To identify the chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Methods Chemical components of 86 traditional Chinese medicines were identified by two methods,observation group with LC-MS method and control group with traditional LC methods.The identification efficacy,accuracy,and identification time between two methods were compared. Results The excellent rate in observation group was 76.74% (66/86),the excellent and good rate was 90.70%(78/86),which were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05 ).83 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine were successfully identified in observation group,the success rate was 96.5 1%,significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).The identification tine,retention time after correction of errors in observation group were significantly less than control group(P<0.05 ).Conclusion LC-MS has high accuracy,short identification time and wide adaptation range in identification of chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chilblains ; therapy ; Female ; Ginger ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Seasons ; Young Adult

Chickenpox is an acute and highly infectious respiratory disease commonly seen in children.Varicela－zoster often results from the activation of latent virus in chickenpox called varicella－zoster virus（VZV）or called human herpesvirus type 3. Primary infection of VZV may induce typical disease of various severity and most healthy children infected with VZV have mild symptoms and good prognosis.But VZV infection，if occurs in special population such as persons of immune inhibition treatment will induce serious consequence or even death and it is as same serious as in adults.A detailed illustration of molecular biology，epidemiology，laboratory diagnosis，treatment and preventive strategy of the VZV were given.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the biosafety and biocompatibility of biomaterials. METHODS: A computer-based online search of CNKI, CBM and VIP as well as manual search were performed to collect articles about random cell control experiments and animal experiments of biological material biocompatibility published between 1990 and 2008. A total of 28 Chinese literatures were collected, and 7 were included mainly involving the cytotoxicity test methods and blood compatibility of the experimental medium, experimental grouping, experimental materials, methods of observation, experimental results, and experimental conclusion. In addition, biocompatibility of the biological material was analyzed to summarize the biocompatibility of the biological safety. RESULTS: Based on experiments of biosafety and biocompatibility of biomaterials, the cytotoxicity test and blood compatibility of various biomaterials, such as collagen, chitosan, magnetic nanoparticle, metal vascular stent, sulphurated siliastic medical grade silicon rubber, polyurethane, ceramic coatings by micro-arc oxidation, are essential for the biological safety. The experimental results have shown that the biomaterials have good biocompatibility. CONCLUSION: A variety of biological materials present good biocompatibility, including collagen, chitosan, magnetic nanoparticle, metal vascular stent, sulphurated siliastic medical grade silicon rubber, polyurethane, ceramic coatings by micro-arc oxidation, based on the evaluation criteria.

Objective To investigate the effects of platelet-derived growth factor(POGF),basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and epidermal growth factor(EGF)on the proliferation,migration and phenotypie modulation of airway smooth muscle cells(ASMCs)in vitro.Methods Cultured human ASMCs were stimulated with PDGF.bFGF,EGF or DMEM(control).Cell pmliferation was detected by BrdU incorporation and cell count.Cell migration was measured using Boyden's chamber.Reverse transcription-poly-merase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and Western blot analysis were used for the detection of sm-α-actin and sm-MHC mRNA and protein expression in ASMCs.Resuits The mitotic index(%BrdU-positive per total number of cells)of ASMCs stimulated with PDGF.bFGF and EGF were significantly higher than those in control(P<0.001 or P<0.05).And the cell number of ASMCs stimulated with PDGF,bFGF and EGFwere also significantly higher than those in control(P<0.05).The number of migrating cells treated with PDGF,bFGF and EGF were higher than that in eontrol(P<0.05).The expressions of sm-α-actin mRNA treated with bFGF and EGF were significantly lower than those in control.but it was higher than control when treated with PDGF.The expressions of sm-MHC mRNA treated with bFGF and EGF were significantly lower than those in control,but it was higher than control when treated with PDGF(P<0.01 orP<0.05).Theexpressions of sm-α-actin protein treated with bFGF and EGF were significantly lower than those in control,but it was higher than control when treated with PDGF(P<0.05).The expressions of sm-MHC protein treated with bFGF and EGF were significantly lower than those in control.but it was higher than control when treated with PDGF(P<0.05).Conclusion PDGF,bFGF and EGF can directly induce ASMCs,proliferation and migration in vitro;and meanwhile,the expressions of cells,contractive phenotype increased treated with PDGF and decreased treated with bFGF and EGF.

Objective To explore the risk factors for in stent stenosis (ISR) in coronary artery disease in elderly patients undergoing postoperative percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods We chose 418 cases undergoing PCI in our hospital.There were 263 males and 156 females,aged from 60 to 79 years,average (71.3--8.9)years in this study.Under the same conditions of treatment strategies,we collected all possible risk factors for ISR in patients undergoing postoperative PCI,and statistics were analyzed.Results All patients were rechecked at 1 year after PCI.104 cases (24.9％) occurred ISR,and 314 cases (75.1％) were diagnosed without ISR.Multiple logistic analysis showed that,and sex had little effect on ISR incidence (P＞0.05).Body mass index(OR=9.54,95％CI:6.542～32.154,P=0.002),smoking history(OR=26.01,95％CI:5.532～122.238,P=0.000),hypertension(OR=15.72,95％CI:3.240～76.026,P=0.001),diabetes mellitus(OR=11.98,95％CI2.667～53.835,P=0.001),history of high cholesterol(OR=8.98,8,95％CI2.164～37.283,P=0.003),exercise time (OR 5.63,8,95 ％ CI2.004 ～ 25.385,P=0.013)had positive correlations with ISR incidence.Conclusions Effective control of risk factors including smoking,hypertension,diabetes,high cholesterol,proper exercise,and weight control can help prevent the development of ISR in elderly patients with postoperative PCI.

Objective To compare the efficacy of sevoflurane combined anesthesia and propofol combined anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery.Methods Sixty patients aged 65-80 yr scheduled for elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 30 each): sevoflurane group (group S) and propofol group (group P).Anesthesia was induced with TCI of sufentanil and propofol.The initial target effect-site concentration (Ce) of sufentanil was set at 0.25 ng/ml and initial target plasma concentration (Cp) of propofol set at 2.0 μg/ml,and then both concentrations were increased in 0.5 μg/ml increment when they reached the balance until loss of consciousness.Tracheal intubation was facilitated with rocuromitm 0.6 mg/kg and the patients were mechanically ventilated.Anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane (end-tidal concentration set at 1.0%-2.0%) in group S,TCI of prepofol (Cp set at 2-4 μg/ml) in groups P, and sufentanil by TCI ( Ce set at 0.15 ng/ml) and iv infusion of vecurenium 0.15 mg·g-1·h-1 in both groups. .BIS value was maintained at 40-60,and changes of MAP and HR were less than 30% of the baseline value in both groups.The use of vasoactive drugs during perioperative peried,time of awakening,extubation and consciousness were recorded and compared between the 2 groups.Results The usage rate of urapidil was significantly decreased,and the awakening time,extubation time and consciousness time shortened in group S compared with group P.Conclusion Sevoflurane-sufentanil combined anesthesia provides better hemodynamic stability and faster recovery than propofol-sufentanil combined anesthesia in elderly patients.

Objective To explore clinical characteristics and treatment of the thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) induced by malignant hypertension, and provide a better understanding of the disease. Methods The clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, therapeutic methods and prognosis of 15 TMA patients induced by malignant hypertension were analyzed retrospectively. Results The clinical manifestations were characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and kidney injury. None of the patients required plasma exchange therapy. After antihypertensive treatment, all of 15 patients were discharged with improved clinical condition, remoglobin levels and platelet count. Conclusions The TMA induced by malignant hypertension is different from the classic TMA. Improving the understanding of TMA induced by malignant hypertension will contribute to early diagnosis and targeted treatment.