Penis is one of the most important components of male external genitalia.Congenital abnormalities and trauma may lead to genitourinary organ damage or default,which require reconstruction.With the development of tissue engineering(TE),penile corpora cavernosa tissue engineening has becoming the core of the penis reconstruction.Recent researches mainly focus on forming scaffolds and transplanting cells(including of endothelial cells and caveruosal smooth muscle cells). Recently, stem cell technology, gene therapy and nervous reconstructive techniques have been combined to promote the development of tissue engineering.Tissue engineering has been thought to be able to make possible the restoring and constructing of the structure and normal funetion of penile corpora cavernosa.This paper gives a review of the recent progress in associated researches on tissue engineering of the penile corpora cavernosa.

The health hazards of arsenic are various. Since children are in the period of rapid growth and development, nervous system is more vulnerable to the arsenic exposure in the environment.Not only does it increase the incidence of the corresponding disease in each system, but also results in neurotoxicological impairments including poor cognitive performance and disturbances in visual perception, psychomotor speed, attention, speech and memory. The progress in the field of effects of arsenic on children's health were reviewed in this article, it introduced the background of arsenic, human exposure pathways, metabolism of the human body,health hazards to children and biological monitoring.

Objective] To explore the application of “viscera state”theory in “Internal Classics”in TCM diagnosing and treating hematuria. [Method] Clear up the“viscera state”theories in“Internal Classics”related to TCM diagnosing and treating hematuria, combining with concerned thesis of doctors in the past dynasties, to analyse its application value in clinic. [Result] “Heart joining with smal intestine through the meridian and col ateras”,“smal intestine being organ of receiving food and digestion”, “kidney connects lung upward”, “spleen storing Ying”, “spleen Qi disperseing essence and returning to lung upward”,“liver storing blood”,“kidney being organ of water”and“kidney opening into 2 lower orifices”, such“viscera state”theories are helpful to correct position of hematuria in TCM, define the mechanism and correct the treatment; doctors in the past dynasties had development on this, which is proved by the modern clinic. [Conclusion]“Viscera state”theories in“Internal Classics”have important guiding meaning in TCM diagnosing and treating hematuria.

Now, parts of the medical personnel have some problems such as low professional moral accomplish-ment, lack of sense of responsibility, professional skills and post does not match, faith is not strong, and so on. The external environment and internal weakening sense for cultivation are the main reasons.Therefore, optimizing the external environment, improving the education system, strengthening medical personnel’ s values, could pro-mote the formation of medical staff’ s professional personality, and eventually led to a powerful implement of social-ist core values in medical practice.

Kidney disease is very general in clinic, most of it has complex mechanism and is refractory, often with demonstrations of edema, proteinuria and blood urine, and it often recurs and develops over insufficiency and pathogeny. Analyzing the clinical demonstrations and treatment of kidney disease with“lung viscera state”in“Internal Classics”, we can find the theories have guide meaning on treating and preventing the recurrence and development of kidney diseases, such as “upper energizer developing and distributing flavors of five cereals”on treating proteinuria, “lung stretching water channels and down-flowing bladder”on treating edema,“Shaoyin belonging to kidney which connects with lung”on treating blood urine.

China ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Esophagus ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; methods ; trends

Objective:To construct and identify the chimeric mtb8.4/hIL12 eukaryotic expression plasmid.Methods:Firstly mtb8.4-linker was amplified by PCR and cloned into the single Nhe Ⅰ and Mlu Ⅰ cloning sites of pCI-neo, so pCI-neo-mtb8.4-linker(pML) plasmid was constructed.Secondly hIL-12 was amplified by PCR and cloned into the single Mlu Ⅰ and Sal Ⅰ cloning sites of pML.Finally correct pCI-neo-mtb8.4/hIL12 (pMI) plasmid was identified by PCR,RE digestion and DNA seguencing.Results:The accuracy of pMI plasmid construction was confirmed by a number of molecular biological techniques.Conclusion:The construction of mtb8.4/hIL12 chimera by linkage of M.tuberculosis mtb8.4 gene to human IL12 gene provides the possibility for investigating a new tuberculosis vaccine.

Objective To study the stability of ligustilide and the inclusion process in ?-cyclodextrin to avoid its isomerization.Methods The content of ligustilide dropped severely even if it was kept away from layer and air under room temperature.The inclusion process with ?-cyclodextrin was carried out on orthogonal design.The optimum conditions were determined and inclusion complex was made sure by many ways.Results The validated trials by DCS,IR,and GC could exhibit the obvious difference between mixture and inclusion complex which showed the form of a new phase,because of ?-cyclodextrin and drugs in the molecular capsules.Conclusion Inclusion process with ?-cyclodextrin can improve stability of ligustilide that is unstable in normal situation.

This paper analyses the existing problems in the clinical study of esophageal cancer at present.The author suggests that more attention should be paid to the clinical research for esophageal cancer and puts forward the feasible countermeasure and advices.

Objective To observe the changes of neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) index and serum procalcitonin (PCT) in hemodialysis patients with bacterial pneumonia,and to evaluate the effect of these two indicators in the course of diagnosis and treatment.Methods Fifty-three cases of bacterial pneumonia undergoing hemodialysis were enrolled in this study from November 2012 to November 2016 (infection group).At the same time,56 patients undergoing hemodialysis without bacterial infection (noninfection group) and fifty volunteers (control group) were also enrolled.The infection pathogen distribution,changes of nCD64 index and serum PCT in three groups were analyzed.And the changes of nCD64 index and serun.PCT before and after treatment in the infection group were analyzed too.Results Totally 53 strains of pathogens in the infection group were isolated,including 36 strains of gram-positive bacteria (accounting for 67.92％) and 17 strains of gram-negative bacteria (accounting for 32.08％).The nCD64 index of infection group,non-infection group and control group were as following:4.13 ± 0.43,0.82 ± 0.08 and 0.78 ± 0.08,and the serum PCT levels of infection group,non-infection group and control group were as following:(3.64 ± 0.29),(0.45 ± 0.04) and (0.45-± 0.04) μg/L.There were significant differences (P ＜ 0.01).The nCD64 index before and after treatment of infection group were 4.13 ± 0.43 and 0.86 ± 0.09.And serum PCT level before and after treatment of infection group were (3.64 ± 0.29) and (0.74 ± 0.07) μg/L.There were significant differences (P＜0.01).Conclusions The nCD64 index and serum PCT are sensitive indicators to determine the happening of bacterial pneumonia in patients undergoing hemodialysis,and it provides critical evidence for the evaluation of treatment in patients.