Erectile dysfunction(ED) is a common condition in men from 40 to 70 years of age,and during the last decades intensive research has highlighted clinical practice and public sectors.The development of Sildenafil,Vardenafil and Tadalafil have made the first class of agents capable of treating ED with convenient oral administration available.In the past years intracavernosal and intraurethral agents have been developed,but their clinical use was limited due to its invasiveness,and with high discontinuation rates.Gene therapy will be an effective method in future.

Replacement therapy with plasma derived or recombinant F Ⅷ (rFⅧ) concentrates is only effective way to treat hemophilia A.Currently,the first,second and third generation rFⅧ are commercially available.Of the three products,the third generation rFⅧ products are best,because of no additional human or animal plasma proteins at any period.The use of rFⅧ concentrates has greatly improved the safety of replacement therapy in hemophilia A and reduced the risk of blood-borne pathogen transmission.In this article we review the current knowledge about the three rF Ⅷ concentrates,analyzing their main characteristic and their clinical hemostatic efficacy and safety.

Objective To investigate the effects of different tidal volume (V_T) on arterial oxygenation and intrapulmonary shunt(Q_S/Q_T) during one lung ventilation(OLV).Methods Sixty patients scheduled for selective lobectomy under left lateral decubitus position were randomly divided into groups of A,B and C with 20 cases each.After bronchial induction,two lung ventilation(TLV) was performed with V_T 10 ml/kg,frequency(f) 12 breaths per minute(BPM),ratio of inspiration to expiration(I: E) was 1:2 at first.During OLV,I: E was kept steady,V_T 6 ml/kg and f 20 BPM were chosed in group A,V_T8 ml/kg and f 15 BPM in group B,V_T 10ml/kg,f 12 BPM in group C.Blood gas analysis was determined before OLV (T_1) and at 10 min(T_2) ,20 min(T_3) ,and 30 min after OLV (T_4).Q_S/Q_T and lung complience(Cdyn) was calculated.Results OLV Compaired to T_1,PaO_2 and Cdyn were lower (P<0.05) and Q_S,Q_T and peak airway pression were increased (P<0.05).The decrease of PaO_2 was more in groups of A and C than that in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion During OLV,a better PaO_2.may be maintained with the ventilation parameters of V_T8 ml/kg and f 15 BPM with less increase in Q_S/Q_T and higher Cdyn.

BACKGROUND: A great deal of free radicals can be induced,which results in peroxidation of the whole body. The antioxidant activity and the abilities of scavenging free radicals of proanthocyanidins(GSP) have been well documented,but related researches about the protective role in radiation damage were less reported.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective role of GSP combined with casein in 60Co-y radiation-induced peroxidative damage.DESIGN: Observing and comparative study based on animal model.SETTING: Nutrition Department of Daping Hospital Affiliated to the Third Military Medical College of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: This study was carried out in the Third Institution of Field Operation Surgery, the Third Military Medical College of Chinese PLA.Eighty healthy Wistar rats,clearage,were adopted,ith weight from 180 to 220 g,half male and half female were adopted.METHODS: Rats were divided into four groups: normal control group,irradiation group,GSP group and GSP + casine group with 20 rats each. Rats in GSP group were fed routinely and supplemented with 1% GSP for 10days,which was replaced by 1% GSP and 5% casein. All rats except those of control group were exposed to whole-body 60Co-g amma-radiation at a dose of 7 Gy. Seven days later,6 survival rats randomly selected from each group were killed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The level of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD),spleen index and the number of peripheral white blood cell(WBC).RESULTS: Serum MDA was obviously increased,accompanied by obviously attenuated SOD activity after irradiation; the level of MDA in both GSP group and combined group was found lower than that in irradiation group with statistical significance between them(P<0.01), the activity of SOD was significantly higher than that of irradiation group(P<0.01 ) . Markedly atrophic pathological change in spleen could be observed in irradiated rats,and meanwhile spleen index declined with the number of WBC notably decreased. But spleen index in both GSP group and combining group was markedly higher than irradiation group(P<0.05),and the same comparing result could also be found in the number of WBC(P<0.01 ).CONCLUSION: Peroxidative impairments could be obviously attenuated,and decrement of WBC could also be improved by single GSP or alternatively GSP combined with casein,with the latter showing greater effects in respect of improving immune function following irradiation,cellular chemical imbalance,and consequently the life quality.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the significance of prescription analysis in Chinese drugs dispensing and to probe into the profound connotation of the dispensing of prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicines.METHODS:Take the basic theory of Chinese medicine as the basis,the importance of prescription analysis in the dispensing of traditional Chinese medicines were analyzed from aspects of the patients' clinical diagnosis,medication intention as well as the function and properties of drugs etc.RESULTS:8 essential factors were found to be involved in prescription analysis,which shed new light on the omnidirectional pharmacy care provided for patients.CONCLUSION:The key for Chinese drugs dispensing lies in the prescription analysis.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare hydrocortisone lotion and establish its quality control method. METHODS: The lotion was prepared with hydrocortisone, and the content of hydrocortisone was determined by ultravidet spectrophotometry. The stability of the prepartion and its skin stimulus were investigated as well. RESULTS: The preparation was colorless limpid liquid and up to the standard specified in Chinese Pharmacopeia (2005 Edition) in the related test. The linear range of hydrocortisone was 5.0～30 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 0) and the average recovery was 100.09% (RSD=0.17%). After storing for 3 and 6 months, respectively, no obvious change was noted for the preparation. The skin stimulus experiment showed that it caused no side effects such as erythema on skin or edema etc. CONCLUSION: This lotion is simple in preparing process, and its quality is stable and controllable.

Objective: To investigate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin(GSP) and casein peptide on the liver function and protein nutritional status in rays irradiated rats. Methods: Adult wistar rats were randomized into four groups with 20 rats in each group including normal control, radiation control, GSP and GSP+casein peptide combined groups. The GSP group was fed with basic diet containing 1% GSP, the combined group was fed with basic diet containing 1% GSP plus 5% casein peptide. Animals except normal control were irradiated by 60 Co? rays(7Gy) 10 days later. 6 survivors were randomly selected from each group and killed on the 7 th d after radiation. The levels of the total protein (TP) and the albumin (ALB), the activities of the glutamate pyruvate transaminase(GPT) and the glutamate oxaloacetale transaminase(GOT) in serum were measured. The change of the body weight of the animals was observed during the experiment time. Results: After radiation the body weight of the rats dropped sharply. The loss of the weight in combined group were significantly lower than in radiation control group and in GSP group(P

The curriculum,as the core of school education,is the intermediary of turning educational thoughts,ideas,purposes and aims into concrete educational practice.Therefore,the key question of the reform of nursing education is the reform of its curriculum which should accord with the principles of sticking to humanism,stressing the characteristics of nursing speciality,strengthening the training objectives and paying attention to the fostering of the students qualities and abilities.

Objective To discuss the feasibility of application of laryngeal mask airway(LMA)in pediatric corrective surgery of lingual frenum. Methods Retrospective study was conducted of 42 chil-dren using laryngeal mask airway in selective surgical correction of lingual frenum under general anesthe-sia in our hospital. The childrenˊs vital signs were recorded at five different time points:baseline before an-esthesia(T0),consciousness and eyelid reflex disappear just after anesthesia induction(T1),time right af-ter the LMA insertion(T2),3 ~ 5 min after beginning of operation(T3),and time at the extubation(T4). The success rate of first LMA insertion and the number of changing to other ventilation way were recorded. The shift of LMA and postoperative sore throat within 24h were recorded. Results The success rate of the first LMA insertion was 85. 71% . Intraoperative laryngeal mask airway leak and shift did not occur and the ventilation was also good. Vital signs of the children were stable during operation. The incidence of postop-erative sore throat was 15% within 24h. As to the heart rate,the vital signs of baseline T0 were significant-ly different from other time points(T1,T2,T3,T4). After the anesthesia,there were no significant differ-ences in heart rate among different time points(T1,T2,T3,T4). Compare with T2 and T3,the values of partial end expiratory pressure of CO2 at T0,T1,and T4 were significantly different. Compare with T0,the values of mean arterial pressure at T1,T2 and T3 were significantly different,but there was a significant difference in mean arterial pressure between T1 and T4. As to the pulse oxygen saturation,all the values were above 95% . Conclusion Laryngeal mask airway is a supraglottic airway management method. The advantages of fewer haemodynamic changes and postoperative complication are confirmed. It is feasible and safe for securing the airway in surgical correction of lingual frenum.

Objective To evaluate relationship and singnificance between metabolic syndrome (MS) and carotid atherosclerosis. Methods One hundred subjects were investigated,including 54 MS patients and 46 normal subjects.Body mass index,waist circumference,plasma lipid and fast glucose of all subjects were examined.Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was detected and plaque was scored with color Doppler ultrasound. Results The MS patients had significant higher carotid IMT,diameter,plaque index and plaque occurrence rate than those in normal ones. Conclusions The degree of carotid atherosclerosis in MS is much more severe than that in normal patients.The metabolic syndrome may promote the occurrence and the progress of atherosclerosis.Carotid ultrasonograohy may help diagnose coronary artery disease much earlier.