At present drug-induced renal injury is increasing due to a wide variety of drugs and drug abuse problem.Many pathogenesis includes hemodynamic changes,drug damage,inflammation,immunolesion,renal obstruction,rhabdomyolysis,metabolic disorders and so on.Each pathogenesis can influence each other.The complex pathogenesis and non-specific clinical symptoms in early stage lead to missed diagnosis.Early prevention,monitoring and intervention are important in the development of the disease.Supportive therapy is a critical part of the treatment.Some patients with renal impairment have poor prognosis.

Global Health ; Hepatitis B ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunization Programs ; Vaccination ; World Health Organization

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) is one of the main causes which threatend the health of preterm infants. As neonatal intensive care improved, the "new" BPD have replaced the" old" BPD. The development of BPD involved many factors, and several preventative and therapeutic strategies have been used in BPD.

Therapy methods of esophageal carcinoma have gradually becomecomprehensive treatment according to precise preoperative staging,Traditional preoperative examinations are difficult to meet the requirements of preoperative staging.The level of preoperative staging in esophageal carcinoma is improved by the progress of endoscopic esophageal ultrasound(EUS),EUS-FNA,three-dimensional re-construction,integrated PET-CT,endoscopic techniques and so on.

Objective To explore a more scientific method in the calculation of therapeutic dose of 131I.Methods One hundred and eighty-seven Graves disease patients with 131I treatment were randomly divided into two groups (group A and group B).131I dose treatment in group A (n=93) was calculated according to the formula:131I treatment doses (Bq or μ Ci)=planned doses (Bq or μ Ci/g thyroid)×thyroid weight(g)×100/the thyroid highest iodine uptake rate or 24 hours iodine uptake rate(%).On the basis of the calculation formula of 131I dose treatment,dosage adjustment was considered with individual differences,patient's condition and other factors in group B(n=94). Results The cure rate of a single dose of 131I was significantly increased in group B.There was significant difference between group A and group B.The incidences of early onset and late onset hypothyroidism were markedly decreased in group B.There was significant difference between group A and group B. Conclusions On the basis of the previous calculation formula of 131I dose treatment,dosage adjustment is fully considered with individual differences,patient's condition and other factors in this study.This makes the treatment more scientific and reasonable.The cure rate of hyperthyroidism is obviously increased,moreover the occurrence rate of hypothyroidism is obviously decreased.It can reduce the economic burden of patients,and furthermore it will acquire good economic results and society benefit.This method is worth popularizing.

Objective:To investigate the expression of FasL and its significance in thyroid adenocarcinomas. Methods: Immunohis-tochemical staining(S- P method) was used to detect expression of FasL in formalin - fixed and paraffin - embeded tissues from 27 cases of thyroid papillary adenocarcinomas(TPA) ,20 medullary carcinomas(MC)and 12 normal thyroid tissues. The relationship between the thyroid adenocarcinomas and the positive rates of FasL expression was analyzed. Results: FasL had various degrees of expression in TPA.The positive rate of high FasL expression was 81. 8% in group B,31. 2% in group A, with a significant difference of P

The method and developing progress on CT automated dose management are introduced. Modern method on CT automated dose management compromises real-time angular dose modulation and Z axis tube current modulation. Provided the automated dose management are correctly applied,the image quality can be optimized at minimum dose.

Objective To understand the distribution regularity of the clinical critical value in the plateau region by analyzing the clinical critical value distribution situation in order to provide the scientific basis for further perfect the critical value report system. Methods The critical value items reported by our department from July 1,2010 to June 30,2011 were retrospectively analyzed for studying its distribution regularity.Results The incidence rate of critical values report in our hospital was 0.29%,the incidence rate of critical value such as blood potassium,glucose and blood gas pH had no difference in distribution between genders in Xining region(P >0.05),but had significantly difference among different age groups(P <0.05).In addition,the report number of the criti-cal value of the blood potassium,glucose and blood gas pH in the internal medicine was significantly higher than that in the surgical departments(P <0.01).Conclusion The periodic retrospective analysis of critical value report helps to improve the clinical diagno-sis and the reporting system of critical value.

Objective To explore the curative effect of pituitrin in laparoscopic conservative surgery in the treatment of 60 patients with tubal pregnancy.Methods 120 eggs tube pregnancy patients were selected as the research subjects.According to the random blind points method,they were divided into the observation group and control group,60 cases in each group.The control group was undergoing laparoscopic conservative surgery directly,the observation group was injected pituitrin in the mesosalpinx before laparoscopic surgery.The intraoperative and postoperative condition,postoperative hospitalization days and blood β-human chorionic gonadotrophin(β-HCG) level changes and clinical curative effect were observed and compared in the two groups.Results The intraoperative blood loss,hemostatic time,operation time,postoperative body temperature,hospitalization days of the observation group were (21.12±7.86)mL,(3.61±1.68)min,(35.23±10.45)min,(37.35±0.65)℃,(5.64±0.66)d,respectively,which of the control group were (97.63±12.11)mL,(13.21±2.91)min,(67.97±20.13)min,(37.62±0.48)℃,(6.75±0.75)d,respectively,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t=41.049,22.130,11.181,2.588,8.606,all P<0.05).The serum β-HCG at 1d,4d,7d after operation of the observation group were (587.54±105.14)U/L,(141.28±41.21)U/L,(52.47±22.32)U/L,respectively,which of the control group were (609.45±114.89)U/L,(238.43±52.16)U/L,(115.33±26.15)U/L,respectively,the serum-HCG values of the two groups were lower than before operation,there were significant difference between the two groups in serum-HCG after operation at 4d and 7d(t=11.320,14.162,all P<0.05).The effective rate of the observation group was 98.33%,which of the control group was 86.67%,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ2=5.885,P<0.05).Conclusion The laparoscopic surgical treatment of tubal pregnancy patients with preoperative injection of pituitrin can not only reduce the bleeding in the operation and shorten the operation time and hospital stay,lower blood β-HCG level,also can improve the clinical curative effect,it is worthy of popularization and application.

There were several public exhibitions of human cadaver specimens held in western countries since Gunther von Hagens, a German anatomist, invented bioplastify technology, which can be used for preserving human cadaver specimens. The exhibitions of human cadaver specimens, which were obviously commercialized and artistic, touched off extensive debate about ethics between different views in western countries. Because of the effect of western countries, several exhibitions of human cadaver specimens in the name of popularization of science were held in China in recent years. These exhibitions collided with Chinese traditional moral concepts, and caused a series of debate about ethics in personalities of various circles. This article illustrated ethical problems on exhibition of human cadaver specimens in China and the countermeasures from the angle of medical ethics, and did preliminary research on ethical problems on the application of bioplastify technology.