Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major impediment to the success of cancer chemotherapy. Multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) play an important role in the process of MDR. As an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, MRPs are selective and specific drug efflux pumps. In this paper, physiological characteristics, structural characteristics and resistance profile of MRPs and the associated reversal studies are reviewed.

Studies have shown that most of the sequence in the mammalian genome is transcribed into long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Their crucial roles in gene regulation are becoming a hotspot in current biomedical research. LncRNAs can control gene activities through multiple mechanisms such as: 1) direct or indirect regulation of gene expression via cis-/trans-action or function as protein baits in the nucleus; 2) affecting the stability and the translational process of mRNA; 3) functioning as competitors to regulation of microRNA; 4) binding to transcription factors. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of lncRNAs in development and diseases, and their potentials in future clinical application.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS)-based multidisciplinary therapy for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), nasal polyps and bronchial asthma. METHOD: The study included 32 patients with CRS, nasal polyps and bronchial asthma who received ESS, besides surgery, who also used glucocorticoid inhalation, nasal spray and nasal irrigation perioperatively. The evaluation of the treatment was performed 3 years post after ESS. RESULT: In the 32 cases treated with ESS, 19 cases were cured, 9 cases were improved, 4 cases were inefficient by the treatment. The cure rate was 87.5%. The asthma symptoms were improved in 9 patients (P < 0.01), compared to 2 before surgery. The numbers of patients with improved symptoms were increased from 2 before the surgery to 9 after the surgery. CONCLUSION As the main treatment, endoscopic si- nus surgery was effective on CRS with asthma.
Asthma ; surgery ; Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nasal Lavage ; Nasal Polyps ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Rhinitis ; surgery ; Sinusitis

Objective To observe the effect of nimodipine on the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage(HCT) .Method Patients with HCT in 24 hours were randomLy divided into control group and treatment group.The treatment group was given 50mL(10mg) nimodipine injection for 14 days and then was orally given 40 mg nimodipine for another 14 days.The control group was given all treatment drug except nimodipine.The absorption of hemorrhage and edema,CSS and BI were observed and compared between the two groups.Result The hemorrhage and edema were better absorbed in the treatment group(t=2.14,P

In recent years, with the development of some new techniques based on bronchoscopic skills, such as endobronchial ultrasonography, autofluorescence bronchoscopy, electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy, fibered confocal fluorescence microendoscopy and optic coherence tomography of the advent of technology, which solved the shortcomings of traditional technology from different areas and dimensions. Although these techniques need to be improved and clinical verified further, it was believed that the great impact on diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer should be made by them.

Objective To investigate effect of pidotimod on TH1/TH2 balance and immune factor in patients with severe trauma.Methods 90 cases with severe chest trauma patients were randomly divided into two groups.45 cases in control group were treated by conventional anti-inflammatory treatment, 45 cases in experimental group on base of control group with pidotimod 800mg /times, 1 times daily.After treatment, the serum levels of IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10, IL-17,IgM, IgA and IgG were compared.Results Compared with before treatment, indexes were improved(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, IL-4 level was lower, IFN-γlevel was higher, IFN-γ/IL-4 was higher(P<0.05).IL-2, IL-10, IL-17 level was higher(P<0.05).IgA, IgM, IgG level was higher(P<0.05).Conclusion Pidotimod can balance the TH1/TH2 in the patients with severe trauma, and adjust the serum levels of IgM, IgA and IgG,can be used in clinical application.

Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis

Objective: To explore the influence of resveratrol (Res) on the growth of Lewis lung carcinomas in mice and the corresponding mechanism. Methods: The Lewis lung carcinoma model was established in C57BL mice. Forty C57BL mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10): control group, low-dose Res group (2.5 mg · kg-1 · d-1), middle-dose Res group (5 mg · kg-1 · d-1) and high-dose Res group (10 mg · kg-1 · d-1). Mice were given intragastrically with Res for 20 d. All mice were sacrificed on d 22 after inoculation. The volume and weight of tumors were recorded. Microvessel density (MVD) in tumor tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry. The expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was examined by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. The apoptotic index (AI) was determined by TUNEL assay. Results: The tumor growth was suppressed significantly in Res 5 mg and 10 mg · kg-1 · d-1 groups. The weights and volumes of Lewis lung carcinoma in both groups above were markedly decreased compared with control group (P < 0.01). The inhibitory rates were 39.04% and 49.66%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in Res 2.5 mg · kg-1 · d-1 group (12. 33%, P < 0. 01). Mice in Res 5 mg and 10 mg · kg-1 · d-1 group had markedly lower levels of VEGF expression and MVD and significantly higher AI compared with control group (P < 0.01). However, Res 2.5 mg · kg-1 · d-1 had no obvious influence on VEGF expression, MVD and AI (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Res remarkably inhibites the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice by inhibiting expression of VEGF, reducing MVD, and promoting apoptosis.

Objective To observe the abnormality on behavioral ability of transgenic mice for HRX-EEN fusion gene.Methods Transgenic mice for HRX-EEN fusion gene(transgenic group,n=12)and C57/BL mice(control group,n=12)were tested in hidden platform training(day 1 to day 4)and probe trial testing(day 5)in Morris water maze in which ability of spatial learning and retention was assessed.Results In hidden platform training,the latencies of transgenic group were longer than those in control group,and significant differences were observed between the two groups for day 2,3 and 4(P

Objective To study features of clinical manifestation,pathology and treatment effects of idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN).Methods A retrospective study was performed in patients with membranous nephropathy through renal biopsy diagnosis in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from November 2009 to February 2013.Patients were diagnosed according to renal biopsy apart from hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis,Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis,lupus nephritis,tumor and drug associated nephritis.The study summed the clinical and pathological features of IMN and evaluated the effect of treatment according the follow up.Results (1) There were 13 patients,with the ratio of male and female being 1.0 ∶ 1.6,among them 1 patient was younger than 6 years old,3 cases were between 6 and 12 years old,and 9 cases were elder than 12 years old.Nine patients were nephrotic syndrome,and 3 patients had renal insufficiency.(2)Ten patients had infection,among them 5 cases were upper respiratory infection with agent unfound,4 patients were mcoplasma infection,1 patient was influenza B virus infection,1 patient had positive result of Hepatitis B surface antibody(HBsAb) and Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb),and 2 patients had positive result of purified protein derivative (PPD).(3)Pathological feature of IMN was atypical membranous nephropathy.Atypical membranous nephropathy was characterized by an irregular,thickened glomerular basement membrane(GBM),mesangial cells,and a mesangial matrix with mild to moderate hyperplasia.Immune complexes were stained in the subepithelial region,GBM,and mesangial region under light microscopy.Electron microscopy showed various sizes,density,and shapes of electron-dense deposits in multiple regions.The cases of immunofluorescence were 13 for IgG,10 for C3,9 for IgM,9 for C1q,5 for IgA,2 for C4,and 0 for fibrinogen.Seven patients were strongly positive(3 + and above) for IgG and one patient was strongly positive for C3.(4)Seven patients had complete remission,three patients had partial remission,and three patients had non-remission.Conclusions (1) In this study,children with IMN were mainly girls,and the age distribution was beyond 12 years.Nephrotic syndrome was the most common clinical manifestation.(2)Atypical membranous nephropathy was the most common pathological feature in children with IMN,which should be distinguished from hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis by testing HBV antigen in renal biopsy.(3) Prednisone was effective for IMN children,but it was suggested to give enough and long course of application.Effect of prednisone combined with cyclophosphamide was still undefined.