Objective To study the influence of Chiamydia trachmatis (CT) and Ureaplasma ure-alyticum (UU) infection on pregnant outcome and neonates. Methods 562 pregnant women were ran-domly selected, their cervical secretion was collected and detected for CT and UU by culture method. Groups were divided according to the results. All of them were followed-up till delivery. Results The in-cidence of infection of group CT、group UU、group CT and UU were 22.1%、28.8% and 3.7%;Compared with negative group,the group with positive result of CT、UU、 CT and UU had significant higher incidence of preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, low weight infant and neonates pneumonia. Conclusions The infection of CT、UU can result in adverse pregnant outcome, preterm labor, premature rupture of mem-branes, low weight infant and neonate pneumonia.

OBJECTIVE To study the mechanism of drug-resistance of multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and provide the guideline for treatment and control of P.aeruginosa infection in hospital.METHODS Fifty strains of multi-resistant P.aeruginosa were selected with K-B susceptibility method.The three-dimensional method was taken to differentiate the various beta-lactamases.The relative drug-resistance gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RESULTS Among 50 strains of multi-resistant P.aeruginosa,there were 2 strains(4%)producing ESBLs,20 strains(40%)producing AmpC beta-lactamases,and 11 strains(22%) producing ESBLs and AmpC beta-lactamases at the same time.There were 8 positive genes in the detected drug-resistance gene,the most common sources of gene were CTX(56%),OprD(60%) and aac(6′)-Ⅱ(60%),respectively.CONCLUSIONS The main beta-lactamases are AmpC beta-lactamases and the main genotype is CTX in the multi-resistant P.aeruginosa cultured in our area.The main course of imipenem-resistance was deletion of outer membrane proteins,and the aminoglycoside modifying enzyme gene and disinfectant-resistance gene in multi-resistant P.aeruginosa are acquired.In order to reduce the drug-resistance strains and control the infection of P.aeruginosa,antibiotics should be used reasonably according to drug susceptibility testing clinically.

Objective To investigate the different radioprotective effects of total flavonoids of Astragalus (TFA) on human normal mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs) and hepatoma cells injured by 60 Coγ-ray radiation.Methods hMSCs and HepG-2 cells were cultured and randomly divided into TFA-treated and untreated groups.The cells of different groups were irradiated with 60 Co γ-rays at the dose of 6 Gy.MTT method was utilized to detect the survival rates of the hMSCs and HepG-2 cells pretreated or untreated with TFA before irradiation.Cell clone formation test was used to measure the cellular radiosensitivity.The apoptosis rates of different groups were determined by flow cytometer assay.The expression rates of the apoptosis-promoting proteins Fas and Bax and the apoptosis-inhibiting protein Bcl-2 were analyzed by Western blotting.Results MTT showed that the survival rates of hMSCs pretreated by TFA were 1.15-1.95 times higher than that of the pure irradiation group.On the contrary,the survival rates of the TFA pretreated HepG-2 cells were only 0.53-0.23 times that of the pure irradiation group.There was a good dose-effect relationship between the cell survival rate and the TFA concentration.Cell clone formation rate indicated that combined treatment of TFA and radiation inhibited the cell proliferation more effectively than single TFA or pure radiation.Flow cytometry showed that 6,24 and,48 h post-irradiation to 6 Gy,the apoptosis rates of the hMSCs were 23.3% ,11.2% ,and 2.9% ,respectively in the TFA pretreated group and were 29.3% ,24.9% ,and 13.6% in the pure radiation group.However,the apoptosis rates of the HepG-2 cells at 6,24,and 48 h post-irradiation to 6 Gy were 11.6% ,17.3% ,and 20.1% ,respectively in the TFA pretreated group and were 6.9% ,9.3% ,and 15.8% ,respectively in the direct radiation group.Western blotting showed that the expression levels of Fas and Bax proteins in the HepG-2 cells were significantly higher in the TFA pretreated group than in the pure radiation group.On the contrary,the expression level of the apoptosis inhibiting protein Bcl-2 was significantly lower in the TFA pretreated group than in the pure radiation group.Conclusions TFA has obvious effects of radiological protection on human hMSCs and has no effects of radiological protection but effects of apoptosis enhancement on hepatoma cells.The promotion of apoptosis of TFA on hepatoma cells is primarily through increasing the expression of apoptotic proteins such as Fas and Bax and reducing the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the hepatic caudate lobe boundary and the ductal system so as to guide the identification of the anatomical relationship during liver surgery.Methods:The specific parts were observed and the liver parenchyma was removed according to 41 cadaveric liver autopsy specimens. The critical relationship between the hepatic caudate lobe and other ducts was observed to explore the reticular duct structure.Results:The plane formed by the hepatic hilar plate and Arantius ligament served as the boundary between the caudate lobe and other hepatic lobes. The caudate lobe hepatic portal vein was composed of numerous small branches from its left and right branches. The portal vein adjacent to the vena cava was mainly derived from the left branch, and to a lesser extent from the right branch. Blood was drained straight from the caudate lobe vein into the inferior vena cava via the short hepatic vein. There were three or four bile duct branches in the caudate lobe. The main source of arterial blood flow were the left and right branches of the hepatic artery. An avascular zone of loose connective tissue was found between the caudate lobe and the retrohepatic inferior vena cava.Conclusion:The hepatic caudate lobe is an independent lobe. During hepatic caudate lobe surgery, the plane formed by the hepatic hilar plate and Arantius ligament can serve as the boundary between the caudate lobe and other hepatic lobes and be used for anatomical site identification. The duct system of the caudate lobe's is complicated, but it also has its own distinct regularity.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the CT and MRI findings and pathological characteristics of retroperitoneal localized Castleman's disease and discuss the diagnostic and differential value of CT and MRI.

METHODSCT, MRI and clinical data of retroperitoneal localized Castleman's disease, proved by surgery and pathology, of 13 patients were reviewed. Among them, all the 13 cases received CT, and 4 cases received MRI examination.

RESULTSAmong the 13 cases, 12 cases were of hyaline vascular type, and one was of mixed type. All foci were single mass and most foci located in the periphery of the kidney. The maximum diameter was 4.2 cm to 8.6 cm and the mean diameter of all tumors was 5.9 cm. The outline of most tumors was clear and kidney-shaped. On unenhanced CT, 10 cases showed low density and 3 cases showed isodensity. On plain MRI, four cases showed iso-signal on T1WI, three cases showed slightly high signal on T2WI and one showed moderately high signal. The CT and MRI findings were similar on contrast enhanced scan. In arterial phase, 10 cases showed moderate enhancement, 2 cases showed significant enhancement and one case showed moderate enhancement. Five cases showed rather homogeneous enhancement and 8 cases showed heterogeneous enhancement.In venous phase, all the 13 tumors showed continuous enhancement. Eight cases showing heterogeneous enhancement in arterial phase showed expanded range, and among them two cases showed tending to be homogeneous enhancement. Six cases showed areas of low density without enhancement, and 9 cases were accompanied with single or multi-satellite punctuate or striped foci around the tumors.

CONCLUSIONDynamic contrast-enhanced CT and MRI combined with MR T2WI fat-suppression are of great importance in the diagnosis and identification of retroperitoneal localized Castleman's disease.

Adult ; Castleman Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; Retroperitoneal Space ; diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

ObjectiveBased on cyclic adenosine monophosphate （cAMP）/cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 （Epac1）/Ras-homologous protein 1 （Rap1） signaling pathway to explore the myocardial protective mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue prescription on coronary heart disease （CHD） rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. MethodEighty-eight specific-pathogen-free （SPF） grade male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were divided into a sham operation group （n=12） and an experimental group （n=76） according to the random number table. The experimental group underwent a restricted diet and exhaustive swimming combined with left anterior descending （LAD） coronary artery ligation to construct a model of CHD with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome， and electrocardiograms （ECGs） of rats before and after the LAD operation were collected. After the model was successfully established， the rats were randomly divided into model group， Yiqi Huoxue prescription low-dose group （4.28 g·kg^-1）， medium-dose group （8.55 g·kg^-1）， high-dose group （17.1 g·kg^-1）， and Western medicine group （isosorbide mononitrate tablets， 3.6 mg·kg^-1）. Rats were intragastrically administered assigned drugs for 4 weeks consecutively， while the sham operation group and the model group were administered with equal volumes of double distilled water. Twenty-four hours after the final administration， the rats were anesthetized with isoflurane to detect the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter （LVEDD）， left ventricular end-systolic diameter （LVESD）， left ventricular fractional shortening （FS， %）， and ejection fraction （EF， %） by echocardiography. Blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta for hemorheological measurements， and plasma cAMP levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Myocardial tissue was collected for hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson staining to observe myocardial pathological damage， and a transmission electron microscope was used to observe ultrastructural changes of myocardial tissue， fluorescent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the expressions of myocardial Epac1， Rap1 GTPase activating protein （Rap1GAP） and Rap1 mRNA， and Western blot was used to detect the expressions of myocardial Epac1， Rap1GAP and Rap1 protein. ResultCompared with those in the sham operation group， LVEDD and LVISD of rats in the model group significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the ratios of EF and FS significantly decreased （P<0.01）， indicating symptoms of heart function decline， referred to as "heart Qi deficiency". The viscosity of whole blood and plasma significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the content of cAMP significant increased （P<0.01）. In addition， there was a significant proliferation of collagen fibers in myocardial tissue （P<0.01）， and the ultrastructure of the myocardial tissue was severely damaged， indicating pathological changes consistent with "blood stasis". Real-time PCR results showed that Epac1 and Rap1 mRNA levels in the model group were significantly reduced （P<0.01）， while Rap1GAP mRNA levels were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Western blot analysis showed a significant decrease in Epac1 protein expression （P<0.01） and a significant increase in Rap1GAP protein expression （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， Yiqi Huoxue prescription improved cardiac function， reduced blood viscosity， lowered plasma cAMP levels， decreased collagen fiber proliferation， and improved myocardial ultrastructure damage in CHD rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. The high-dose group showed the most significant effects. In the high-dose group， Epac1 mRNA and protein expression levels significantly increased （P<0.01）， Rap1 mRNA expression significantly increased （P<0.01）， and Rap1GAP mRNA and Rap1GAP/Rap1 protein expression levels significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionYiqi Huoxue prescription can improve cardiac function， reduce blood viscosity and plasma cAMP levels， improve myocardial damage， and reduce collagen fiber proliferation in CHD rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. The myocardial protection mechanism may be related to the regulation of the cAMP/Epac1/Rap1 signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of Chaihu Longgu Muli Decoction (柴胡龙骨牡蛎汤, CHLGMLD) in rats with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods A total of 80 Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were randomized into control (CON), model (MOD), carbamazepine (CBZ, 0.1 g/kg), CHLGMLD low dose (CHLGMLD-L, 12.5 g/kg), and high dose (CHLGMLD-H, 25 g/kg) groups, with 16 rats in each group. TLE rat models were established in the four groups with the use of lithium-pilocarpine except for the CON group. After the successful establishment of TLE models, all drugs were administered through gavage, and distilled water was given to rats in the CON and MOD groups for four weeks. The frequency and duration of seizures before and after treatment were recorded for the evaluation of the alleviation degree. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR-146a-3p and miR-146a-5p. The expression levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), TAK1-binding protein (TAB), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in hippocampus were tested by immunofluorescence assay. Correlation analysis between the above factors and expressions of miR-146a-3p and miR-146a-5p were performed separately. Results CHLGMLD decreased the frequency (P < 0.05) and duration (P < 0.01) of seizures in rats. CHLGMLD down-regulated the expression levels of miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p (P < 0.05), and inhibited the expression levels of TLR4, IRAK1, TRAF6, TAB, NF-κB, and IL-1β (P < 0.01). The correlation analysis revealed that the expression levels of TLR4, IRAK1, TRAF6, TAB, NF-κB, and IL-1β were positively correlated with the expression levels of miR-146a-3p and miR-146a-5p detected by qRT-PCR, respectively (P < 0.01). Conclusion CHLGMLD can inhibite the TLR4 signaling pathway by lowering the expression levels of miR-146a-3p and miR-146a-5p to alleviate hippocampal dentate gyrus inflammation in TLE rats, thus relieving seizures.