Objective Investigated and analyzed the data of routine coefficient of variation (R CV ) from clinical laboratories of the second and the third grade hospital, we have drawed up Internal Quality Control(IQC) requirement of clinical chemistry in Shanghai Methods In this survey, we defined IQC requirement a quarter of CLIA’88 proficiency testing criteria as acceptable analytical performance From 147 clinical laboratories, we get 3 570 336 IQC data of 23 analytes of clinical chemistry which was analyzed and percentiles were calculated The outcome from the statistical analysis was compared with recommendation from the Ministry of Health in1985 Results 138 clinical laboratories (94 0%) CV results in Shanghai were less than R CV recommendation from the Ministry of Health About 111 clinical laboratories (75 5%) results are according with IQC requirement Conclusion IQC requirement is suitable for the clinical laboratories in Shanghai 75 5% clinical laboratories accorded with IQC requirement and 24 5% clinical laboratories should improve technique to carry out the IQC requirement

To explore the protective effect of sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) on microcirculatory disturbance of small intestine in rats with sepsis, and the possible mechanism, a rat model of sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operated group (S), sepsis group (CLP) and STS treatment group (STS). STS (1 mg/kg) was slowly injected through the right external jugular vein after CLP. The histopathologic changes in the intestinal tissue and changes of mesenteric microcirculation were observed. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the intestinal tissue were determined by using enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the intestinal tissue was detected by using immunohistochemisty and Western blot, that of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and tissue factor (TF) by using Western blot, and the levels of NF-κB mRNA expression by using RT-PCR respectively. The microcirculatory disturbance of the intestine was aggravated after CLP. The injury of the intestinal tissues was obviously aggravated in CLP group as compared with S group. The expression levels of NF-κB p65, ICAM-1, TF and TNF-α were upregulaed after CLP (P<0.01). STS post-treatment could ameliorate the microcirculatory disturbance, attenuate the injury of the intestinal tissues induced by CLP, and decrease the levels of NF-κB, ICAM-1, TF and TNF-α (P<0.01). It is suggested that STS can ameliorate the microcirculatory disturbance of the small intestine in rats with sepsis, and the mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of inflammatory responses and amelioration of coagulation abnormality.

，and 17.47%.Conclusions Xylitol can lower the blood glucose a littte but without significant difference.It has little effect on blood glucose variability of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and can be safely used for rehydration.

Objective:To explore the influence of blood transfusion on cellular immunofunction in patient with laryngeal carcinoma.Method:EPICS-XL flow cytometry was used to measure T cell subgroup,NK cell and CD28 in 36 patients with laryngeal carcinoma pre-operation and 2 weeks post-operation.Patients were divided into allotransfusion group and non-transfusion group.Comparison was conducted between the 2 groups.Result:①Comparsion with normal population,decreasing of CD3,CD4,NK cell and CD28 in the 36 patients pre-operation was statistically significant (P＜0.01).②Decreasing of CD3,CD4,NK cell and CD28 was statistically signficant post-operation(P＜0.05).③In the non-transfusion group change of CD3,CD4,CD8,NK cell and CD28 post-operation was statistically insignificant (P＞0.05).Conclusion:While cellular immunofunction is generally low in patients with laryngeal carcinoma,allotransfusion will reduce further.It makes contribution to spreading and metastasis of carcinoma easier.

Objective To investigate the effect of preptin on proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts. Methods After human osteoblasts were incubated with 10-10, 10-9, 10-8 , 10-7 mol/L preptin for 24 h,the proliferation of osteoblasts was determined by[3H]thymidine incorporation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)activity was assayed by spectrophotometric measurement. The phosphorylation levels of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase ( MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 were assayed by Western blot. ERK inhibitor PD98059, p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580, and JNK inhibitor SP600125were used for investigating the signal pathway of preptin-stimulated osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.Results Preptin dose-dependently increased human proliferation of osteoblasts and ALP activity with the maximum effect at the concentration of l0-9 mol/L (both P<0.01 ). Preptin stimulated ERK phosphorylation in human osteoblasts, but not p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation. PD98059 blocked preptin-sitmulated human osteoblasts proliferation and ALP activity (both P<0.05 ), while SB203580 and SP600125 had no effect. Conclusions Preptin promotes the proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts through ERK pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechnism of preptin on connect tissue growth factor (CTGF) in human osteoblasts. Methods Recombinant human preptin was used to treat primary human osteoblasts, and Western blot was used to detect CTGF protein level. Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38(p38MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), c-jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK), and their phosphorylation levels were also detected by Western blot. MAPK inhibitors (PD98059, SP600125, or SB203580)were used to elucidate the mechnism of preptin induced expression of CTGF in human osteoblasts. Results Treatment of human osteoblasts with preptin caused a time and dose-dependent increase in CTGF secretion. Preptin induced activation of ERK, but not p38MAPK or JNK in human osteoblasts. Furhermore, pretreatment of human osteoblasts with the ERK inhibitor PD98059 abolished the preptin-induced CTGF secretion. Conclusion Preptin induces CTGF expression in human osteoblasts by means of ERK/MAPK pathway.

Objective To improve the operation method of rupture of Achilles tendon for decreasing complication. Methods Total 39cases with closed rupture of Achilles tendon were selected in this study. Short incision was made at achilles tendon wall, reveal and anneal the broken ends, using Kirschner wire and steel-wire to make rectangle frame ,intradermic fixation of fracture away from the broken ends, then sutured ends with rarities and smoothing,functional exercise after 6weeks ankle rest position fixation. Results According to the Arner Lindholm evaluation system,the treatment outcome were excellent in 34 cases ,and good in 5cases. No complication including re-rupture skin ,tendon necrosis and infection were found after operation. Conclusion Repaired closed rupture of Achilles tendon with short incision and rectangle frame, assisted with ankle rest position fixation after operation wasa worthy way for treating closed rupture of a chilles tendon.

Objective: To study the pharmacological action of Mahuang Compound Capsule(MCC) (Herba Ephedrae, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Fructus Schisandrae, etc.). Methods: The study was carried out through the observation of ammonia induced cough model in mice and acrolein induced cough model in guinea pigs treated with MCC, its effects on asthma model of guinea pigs induced by histamine and acetylcholine mixture and on isolated tracheas smooth muscle of guinea pigs were also studied. Results: MCC administrated orally showed significant antitussive effect in ammonia induced cough model in mice and acrolein induced cough model in guinea pigs. MCC could effectively prevent guinea pigs from asthma induced by histamine and acetylcholine mixture. The water extracts could antagonize histamin phosphate that contract the isolated tracheas of guinea pigs. Conclusions: MCC has antitussive and anti asthma effects.

AIM:To explore the effects of different intensity of warfarin on patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease complicated with atrial fibrillation.METHODS:One hundred and seven cases of coronary heart disease complicated with atrial fibrillation patients in our hospital were selected and were randomly divided into experimental group (n =54) and control group (n =53) by random number table.The experimental group (low intensity) received initial amount of warfarin for 1.25 mg/d,and NR monitoring 24 h after treatment,if INR＜ 1.4,3-5 mg/d increased by 0.5-1.0 mg/d,monitoring one time per week,INR maintained within 1.4-2.0.INR of the control group (medium intensity) maintained within 2.0-2.6.One month monitoring after INR stabilized.All patients were treated for about 4 weeks,and warfarin was maintained at a dose of 1.25-7.5 mg/d.The primary and secondary end points and bleeding events were observed and compared after 2 years of treatment.RESULTS:The INR of the experimental group and the control group were 1.71 ± 0.38,2.36 ± 0.35,respectively.The ratio of total bleeding event of the experimental group and the control group was 22.2％ and 41.5％,respectively.Those of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group,and the difference was all statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION:The efficacy of low-intensity warfarin in the treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease complicated with atrial fibrillation is comparable to that of moderate-intensity warfarin therapy,but low-intensity warfarin shows better saftey.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum lipoprotein associated phospholipase A 2 (Lp-PLA2)as a biomarker for benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods A total of 65 serum samples of BPH patients were selected as BPH group,64 serum samples of healthy male as control group.The serum lev-el of Lp-PLA2,total prostate specific antigen(tPSA)and free prostate specific antigen(fPSA)in both groups were detected,and the specificity and sensitivity of Lp-PLA2,F/T ratio and combine both were analyzed by ROC curve.Results The serum level of Lp-PLA2,tPSA and fPSA in BPH group were significantly higher than those in control group,the different were significant(P<0.05).ROC curve analyze shown that the area under the curve(AUC)of Lp-PLA2 was 0.763,95% confidence interval(CI)was 0.680-0.833;AUC of F/T ratio was 0.715,95% CI 0.633 -0.795;AUC of Lp-PLA2 combined with F/T ratio was 0.832,95% CI 0.756-0.892.Conclusion The serum level of Lp-PLA2 could be used as a potential diagnostic marker for BPH,and the diagnostic value of Lp-PLA2 combined with F/T ratio was better than ther single indicator. Key words:benign prostatic hyperplasia; lipoprotein associated phospholipase A 2; total prostate spe-cific antigen; free prostate specific antigen; F/T ratio