Objective:To test the effects and differences of gratitude,indebtedness and happiness on people's helping behaviors. Methods:Totally 190 college students from 3 classes in Henan Province were selected. Three sit-uational experiments of gratitude,indebtedness and happiness were used to inspire participants'mood according-ly. Each class randomized to receive a situational experiment,the altruism subscales of Philosophies of Human Na-ture(PHN),the assessment tool of helping others and helping others voluntarily were used to measure the college students'altruistic idea,helping others and helping behavior voluntarily,and the methods of descriptive statistics,co-variance analysis and regression analysis was adopted. Results:In helping others and helping others voluntarily,ac-cording to the results of covariance analysis,the effect of covariate altruistic ideas was significant [F(1,186)=9. 24,10. 52;Ps<0. 01],and the main effect of emotional state was also significant[F(2,186)=3. 50,3. 45;Ps<0. 05 ]. The scores of helping others and helping others voluntarily were higher in the gratitude group than in the happiness group[(4. 21 ±0. 10)vs. (3. 86 ±0. 09),(4. 22 ±0. 09)vs. (3. 90 ±0. 08)]. Regression analysis showed that gratitude could positively predict helping others and helping others voluntarily(β=0. 33,0. 20),and happiness could positively predict helping others voluntarily(β=0. 16). Conclusion:Excluding the effect of altruism idea to helping others and helping others voluntarily,the effects of emotional state to helping others and helping others vol-untarily are all significant. It suggests that participants under the state of gratitude could show more helping others and helping others voluntarily than participants under happiness,that is to say,comparing with happiness,gratitude may be more conducive to the cultivation of helping behavior.

Objective To analyze MR imaging findings of avascular necrosis of the femoral head(ANFH)with low-field MR unit.Methods MRI appearances of 35 cases of ANFH confirmed by clinical or pathology were analysed.Results There were 56 hips with "line sign" in 35 cases(58 hips)including "single line sign" in 18 femoral heads and "double line sign" in 38,and there were 2 hips without "line sign".Twenty-six femoral heads had marrow edema.According to Mitchell's grade:there were 15 hips in A grade,21 hips in B grade,13 hips in C grade and 9 hips in D Grade.Conclusion Low-feild MR imaging is of significant value in diagnosing ANFH early.

Objective To investigate the toxic effect of lung and mechanism induced by silver nanoparticles(Nano-Ag),zinc oxide nanoparticles(Nano-ZnO)and titanium dioxide nanoparticles(Nano-TiO2) on rats.Methods Forty-two Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups randomly,including the control group,low(3.5 mg/kg) and high(17.5 mg/kg) dose groups of three nanomaterials.The rats were exposed by intratracheal instillation once two days for 5 weeks,and then killed by abdominal aorta bloodletting.The pathological examinations of rat lungs were performed,malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),reduced glutathione(GSH),nitrogen oxide(NO),interleukin-1(IL-1),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) and macrophage inflammatory protein(MIP-2) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were detected.Results The results of histopathological analysis indicated that the fibrous tubercle,pulmonary alveoli destruction and the matrix inflammation of lung tissue appeared in the exposure groups.The activities of SOD in three kinds of nanoparticles groups(except for Nano-TiO2 subgroup) significantly decreased(P

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Block ; Ophthalmic Nerve ; surgery ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; surgery ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND:In perioperative period of total knee replacement in elderly patients, it is crucial to maintain the normal function of blood coagulation. However, many factors may influence coagulation function of patients in perioperative period. Of them, anesthesia is an important factor. Different anesthesia methods wil produce different effects on blood coagulation. Appropriate anesthesia methods should be selected in the clinic to maintain the stability of coagulation function. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of application of general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia in elderly knee replacement and the effects on the function of blood coagulation. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 135 elderly patients after total knee replacement in Dongying Hospital of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group from September 2012 to September 2013. Al patients were divided into control group (67 cases;general anesthesia) and observation group (68 cases;epidural anesthesia) according to the mode of anesthesia. Coagulation indexes and D-dimer levels were observed before anesthesia, 6 hours after anesthesia, and 1 day after replacement in both groups. The incidence of deep venous thrombosis was measured and compared between the two groups in 12-month fol ow-up.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Through the statistics and comparison, no significant difference was detected in blood coagulation indexes at different time points in the two groups (al P>0.05). However, significant differences in D-dimer levels were detectable between the two groups at 6 hours after anesthesia and in the morning at 1 day after replacement. D-dimer levels were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (al P<0.05). The incidences of deep venous thrombosis were 3%and 21%in the observation and control groups, respectively, showing significant differences (P<0.05). These results suggest that epidural anesthesia during elderly totak knee replacement obtained good effects, and could maintain stable coagulation function.

With the progress of dose individualization theory and research, decision-making systems have increasingly emerged in recent years. In this paper, common individualized dosing computer program, web platform and application on mobile devices are identified and summarized by searching literatures and internet, and compared with each other in terms of general characteristics and professional characteristics. Twenty-five systems are included in total. These systems, which estimate parameters mostly by Bayesian algorithm, cover anti-bacterial drugs and antiviral drugs, immunosuppressants, anti-tumor drugs, nervous system drugs, cardiovascular system drugs, respiratory system drugs and so on. MwPharm++, a commercial computer program, has the best comprehensive performance among all these. Besides, highlighted advantages are showed in commercial computer program Precise PK, APK, free computer program JPKD, BestDose and web platform SmartDose. Along with the development of internet and the high performance computing tools, mobile apps are booming. It is expected that the decision-making systems to be developed and promoted continuously in the future and could provide more options and references for clinical individualized dosing.

COVID-19 pandemic has put a huge burden on public health and global economy. Vaccines play an important role in controlling virus transmission and reducing mortality. While monoclonal virus neutralizing antibodies can reduce the viral load, improve symptoms, and prevent the aggravation of the disease from hospitalization. Now hundreds of clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccine and monoclonal neutralizing antibody are in progress. The vaccine focuses on disease prevention, while the neutralizing antibody focuses on disease treatment. There are quite many differences between the two kinds of clinical trials by following different technical guidelines, research purpose, trial design, implementation and outcome assessment. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize the similarities and differences between the clinical trials for the reference of new drug research and development as well as clinical researchers.

Localized peripheral neuropathy amyloidosis is a rare disease that mainly occurred in elder people who present with focal neurological symptoms. AL is the main type of amyloid protein. Biopsy is the golden standard for diagnosis. Mass spectrometry and immunohistochemical analysis help to confirm the type of amyloid protein. This paper retrospectively analyzes the clinical and imaging data, auxiliary examinations, histological, and immunohistochemical markers. The patient, a 34-year-old woman, presented with a right neck mass and weakness of the right arm. Brachial plexus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a tumor-like lesion in the nerve root at C5 and C6 and in upper trunk. Electrophysiological studies revealed damage in the upper trunk of the brachial plexus. Positive staining with Congo red was found in brachial plexus biopsy. Mass spectrometry showed that the type of amyloid protein was AHL(G-λ). The patient underwent nerve graft for treatment. Meanwhile, literature review revealed that the average onset age of localized spinal nerve amyloidosis was 62.4 years old.The radial nerve was the most susceptible, followed by the lumbosacral plexus. Fifty percent of the type of amyloid protein is AL.Until now, no consolidated treatment is available. Here, we summarize the clinical characteristics of localized peripheral neuropathy amyloidosis in order to raise the awareness of the disease.

Huashan Hospital became the first Academic Medical Center Hospital accredited by Joint Commission International (JCI) in 2013. The Department of Clinical Nutrition has constantly improved internship education through the introduction of JCI standards. Based on the flexible combination of teaching and practicing modules, clinical nutrition knowledge is closely integrated with professional dietitian skills, and in-depth practical training helps students to acquire much more experience of the occupation as a dietitian. Teachers think highly of students' initiative and knowledge conversion ability, and in the recent five years, undergraduate projects have been enhanced in both quantity and quality.