0.05). CONCLUSION: The carbohydrate diet can not influence on pharmacokinetics parameters of gatifloxacin.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of high protein diet on pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin.METHODS:A randomized crossover design was performed in 8 Beagle dogs.In the two study periods,a single oral 17 mg?kg-1 dose was administered to empty stomach or with high protein diet in dogs.Plasma concentration of gatifloxacin were measured by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97.RESULTS:The concentration-time curves were a one compartment model in empty stomach or with high protein diet in beagle dogs.The t1/2ke were(4.00?0.84)and(9.28?1.32)h,tmax(2.29?1.08)and(4.98?2.76)h,Cmax(6.06?0.87)and(3.42?1.20)?g?mL-1,AUC(0～t)(56.74?10.80)and(68.66?15.92)?g?h?mL-1,respectively.There was significant difference between the two groups in the main pharmacokinetic parameters(P

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of lipid diet on the pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin.METHODS: 8 Beagle dogs were randomly assigned to receive single oral dose of gatifloxacin capsules(17 mg?kg-1) on empty stomach or in combination with lipid diet by a randomized crossover design plasma concentrations of gatifloxacin were measured by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97,and the effect of the lipid diet on the pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin was evaluated.RESULTS: The concentration-time curves fitted one compartment model in empty stomach group and lipide diet group.The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: t1/2ke were(4.00?0.84) and(7.87?1.54) h;tmax(2.29?1.08) and(3.61?2.72) h;Cmax(6.06?0.87) and(2.91?1.27) ?g?mL-1;AUC(0～t)(56.74?10.80) and(45.35?10.81) ?g?h?mL-1,respectively There were significant differences between the two groups in the t1/2Ke and Cmax(P

OBJECTIVE: To survey and objectively evaluate the present situation and trend of the usages of the prescription drugs and over the counter( OTC) drugs. METHODS: To make a survey of the usage for above - mentioned drugs in 51 hospitals of 4 provinces in southwest China during the period 1999- 2000 concerning the sum of money for drugs, main kinds of drugs etc. . RESULTS: The sum of money for the prescription drugs and OTC drugs increased 55% and 33% in 2000 compared with those in 1999, respectively.The sums of money for OTC drugs accounted for 2.18% and 2.56% of those of the prescription drugs in 2000 and in 1999,respectively.CONCLUSION:The sums of money for the prescription drugs and OTC drugs increased rapidly ,but total sale of OTC drugs was very low compared with that of the prescription drugs.

OBJECTIVE:To compare pharmacokinetic parameters of the common tablets and sustained-release melatonin tablets in beagle dogs in vivo.METHODS:The blood concentration of melatonin of6Beagle dogs was determined by HPLC and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with3p97software after administered random crossover with single dose of sustained-release melatonin tablets6mg or the common tablets3mg.RESULTS:The concentration-time curves of both the common tablets and sustained-release melatonin tablets were in conformity with two-compartment model,C max of common tablets and sustained-release tablets were(11.27?3.77)ng/ml and(8.31?5.11)ng/ml respectively,t max of which were(0.50?0.18)h and(1.00?0.37)h respectively,t 1/2ke of which were(1.21?0.52)h and(3.27?0.89)h,AUC 0～t of which were(25.23?7.71)(ng?h)/ml and(38.03?16.45)(ng?h)/ml respectively.CONCLUSION:Compared with the common tablets,the sustained-release tablets showed slower absorption,longer peak time,lower peak concentration,slower elimination and longer duration.

Objective To investigate the results of early decompression and internal fixation for lower cervical vertebral degenerative instability. Methods Eighty-two patients of low cervical vertebral degenerative instability were reviewed. The patients comprised of 51 males and 31 females, with an average age of 54.3 years. There were 13 patients with neck and shoulder pain, 28 with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR), 25 with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), 16 with combined CSR and CSM. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) showed that the cervical spinal cords were compressed. All patients had cervical vertebral angular displacement (AD) exceeding 10? or horizontal displacement(HD) surpassing 3 mm at the same level on hyperflexion/hyperextension X-ray films. According to the course of cervical degenerative instability and Kirkaldy-Willis criterion, all patients were diagnosed as cervical vertebral degenerative instability, and recieved anterior decompression, bone grafting and internal fixation. Results All the patients were followed for 9 to 30 months (average 15.4 months). All fused segments achieved bony union. 1) JOA score of 25 cases with CSM and 16 cases with CSR and CSM was 9.52?1.93 before operation and 14.74?3.10 post operation respectively. There was significant statistical difference (P

Phospholipase C epsilon-1 (PLCE1) is a phospholipase C isoenzyme encoded by PLCE1 gene, and has more complicated molecular structure and function than other subtypes. Phospholipase C epsilon-1 is accepted the dual regulation by the upstream G proteins and GTP enzymes of Ras family. The downstream signal of PLCE1 is not only cause the Ca2+ flow and protein kinase C(PKC) activation, but also can be used as the GTP enzyme guanylic acid conversion factor of Ras superfamily, so as to regulate the expression of certain genes, adjusting cell growth and differentiation processes. PLCE1 plays a very important role in the signal transduction in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Previous studies showed that phospholipase C epsilon-1 played an important role in the development of malignant tumors (especially the digestive tumors), heart disease, nephrotic syndrome and other diseases, but there are some questions about the mechanisms of PLCE1 involved in allergic rhinitis, this article will make an overview about PLCE1 promotes allergic rhinitis CD4+ T cells differentiate to Th2 cells by PKC-NF-κB pathway and Ras-MAPK pathway.
Apoptosis ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; physiology ; Enzyme Activation ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C ; genetics ; physiology ; Protein Kinase C ; metabolism ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; enzymology ; Signal Transduction ; Th2 Cells ; cytology

Objective To investigate the influence of kaempferol on transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1/Smads signal trans-duction in liver tissue of mice with schistosomiasis liver fibrosis. Methods Forty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a normal control group(8 mice),a praziquantel group(8 mice ),and 4 praziquantel+kaempferol groups with different kaempfer-ol dosages(5,10,15,20 mg/kg respectively,6 mice each group). Besides the normal control group,all the mice in the other 5 groups were infected with Schistosoma japonicum. After the infection for 6 weeks,the praziquantel group and the 4 praziquantel+ kaempferol groups were treated with praziquantel 500 mg/(kg · d) for 2 d,then the mice in the praziquantel group were drenched with normal saline for 6 weeks,and those in the 4 praziquantel+kaempferol groups were drenched with kaempferol 5, 10,15,20 mg/kg respectively for 6 weeks. After the treatment,all the animals were sacrificed by the cervical dislocation meth-od,and the area of egg granuloma and the degree of fibrosis in the livers of the mice were observed by HE and Masson staining. The expressions of TGF-β1,Smad2/3,Smad7 proteins were measured by the immunohistochemical method,and the mRNA lev-els of the 3 proteins were detected by RT-PCR. Results Compared with the mice in the praziquantel group,the areas of egg granuloma of the liver of the mice in the 4 praziquantel+kaempferol groups were smaller,and the degrees of the hepatic fibrosis of the mice were lesser,and their expressions of Smad2 and Smad3 at protein and their mRNA levels were significantly lower (all P<0.05),while the expression of Smad7 at protein and its mRNA level were significantly higher(all P<0.05). Conclu-sion By decreasing the expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3,and increasing the expression of Smad7,kaempferol can signifi-cantly reduce the degrees of hepatic fibrosis and granuloma caused by schistosome eggs after the praziquantel treatment.

Objective To evaluate the application value of different MR sequences in cerebral developmental venous anomalies (DAVs),and to explore the relationship between DVAs and its associated lesions.Methods MRI findings in 38 patients of DAVs were analyzed retrospectively.Imaging performance and characteristics of DAVs and its associated lesions in different MR sequences were analyzed.Results In all of the 38 cases,3 cases were multiple DVAs without associated lesions,1 case was combined right lateral ventricle hemorhage,1 case was combined with multiple cavernous hemangioma,8 cases were single DVAs with solitary cavernous hemangioma,5 cases were combined with astrocytoma,1 case was combined with intracranial hematoma,and 19 cases were single DVAs with no comorbidity.DVAs in 16 cases showed strip or small patchy hypo-intensity lesions and 15 cases were not visible on T1WI;16 cases showed strip or small patchy hypo-intensity,5 cases showed strip or flocculent hypo-intensity and 10 cases could not seen on T2WI;19 cases showed patchy or strip hypo-intensity and 8 cases showed iso intensive signal on DWI;8 of the 10 cases who performed susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) examination showed dendritic low signal,showing a typical caput medusae sign,2 cases showed no lesions on SWI;30 cases underwent 3D-T1WI enhanced scan showed clearly all lesions of DAVs,19 cases of them showed typical caput medusae sign and large draining veins.Conclusion Routine MR sequence can demonstrate part of the DVAs and associated peripheral lesions,DWI showed lesions of DAVs is superior to routine MR sequence,SWI and enhanced 3D-T1WI can accurately diagnose DVAs and show the venous drainage.

For systematic scientific management,based on information and,it is the trend to develop a information system that is based on internet technology and dynamic management concept.The system is project-centered,integrating the procedures of application,review,approval,mid-term review,summarization,and assessment.According to the preliminary operation of the system,it is proved effective with anthropic factors much lowered,and the coherence and continuity of the projects and ther reproducibility of data are much guaranteed.