0.05). CONCLUSION: The carbohydrate diet can not influence on pharmacokinetics parameters of gatifloxacin.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of high protein diet on pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin.METHODS:A randomized crossover design was performed in 8 Beagle dogs.In the two study periods,a single oral 17 mg?kg-1 dose was administered to empty stomach or with high protein diet in dogs.Plasma concentration of gatifloxacin were measured by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97.RESULTS:The concentration-time curves were a one compartment model in empty stomach or with high protein diet in beagle dogs.The t1/2ke were(4.00?0.84)and(9.28?1.32)h,tmax(2.29?1.08)and(4.98?2.76)h,Cmax(6.06?0.87)and(3.42?1.20)?g?mL-1,AUC(0～t)(56.74?10.80)and(68.66?15.92)?g?h?mL-1,respectively.There was significant difference between the two groups in the main pharmacokinetic parameters(P

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of lipid diet on the pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin.METHODS: 8 Beagle dogs were randomly assigned to receive single oral dose of gatifloxacin capsules(17 mg?kg-1) on empty stomach or in combination with lipid diet by a randomized crossover design plasma concentrations of gatifloxacin were measured by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97,and the effect of the lipid diet on the pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin was evaluated.RESULTS: The concentration-time curves fitted one compartment model in empty stomach group and lipide diet group.The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: t1/2ke were(4.00?0.84) and(7.87?1.54) h;tmax(2.29?1.08) and(3.61?2.72) h;Cmax(6.06?0.87) and(2.91?1.27) ?g?mL-1;AUC(0～t)(56.74?10.80) and(45.35?10.81) ?g?h?mL-1,respectively There were significant differences between the two groups in the t1/2Ke and Cmax(P

OBJECTIVE: To survey and objectively evaluate the present situation and trend of the usages of the prescription drugs and over the counter( OTC) drugs. METHODS: To make a survey of the usage for above - mentioned drugs in 51 hospitals of 4 provinces in southwest China during the period 1999- 2000 concerning the sum of money for drugs, main kinds of drugs etc. . RESULTS: The sum of money for the prescription drugs and OTC drugs increased 55% and 33% in 2000 compared with those in 1999, respectively.The sums of money for OTC drugs accounted for 2.18% and 2.56% of those of the prescription drugs in 2000 and in 1999,respectively.CONCLUSION:The sums of money for the prescription drugs and OTC drugs increased rapidly ,but total sale of OTC drugs was very low compared with that of the prescription drugs.

OBJECTIVE:To compare pharmacokinetic parameters of the common tablets and sustained-release melatonin tablets in beagle dogs in vivo.METHODS:The blood concentration of melatonin of6Beagle dogs was determined by HPLC and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with3p97software after administered random crossover with single dose of sustained-release melatonin tablets6mg or the common tablets3mg.RESULTS:The concentration-time curves of both the common tablets and sustained-release melatonin tablets were in conformity with two-compartment model,C max of common tablets and sustained-release tablets were(11.27?3.77)ng/ml and(8.31?5.11)ng/ml respectively,t max of which were(0.50?0.18)h and(1.00?0.37)h respectively,t 1/2ke of which were(1.21?0.52)h and(3.27?0.89)h,AUC 0～t of which were(25.23?7.71)(ng?h)/ml and(38.03?16.45)(ng?h)/ml respectively.CONCLUSION:Compared with the common tablets,the sustained-release tablets showed slower absorption,longer peak time,lower peak concentration,slower elimination and longer duration.

Objective To investigate the results of early decompression and internal fixation for lower cervical vertebral degenerative instability. Methods Eighty-two patients of low cervical vertebral degenerative instability were reviewed. The patients comprised of 51 males and 31 females, with an average age of 54.3 years. There were 13 patients with neck and shoulder pain, 28 with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR), 25 with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), 16 with combined CSR and CSM. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) showed that the cervical spinal cords were compressed. All patients had cervical vertebral angular displacement (AD) exceeding 10? or horizontal displacement(HD) surpassing 3 mm at the same level on hyperflexion/hyperextension X-ray films. According to the course of cervical degenerative instability and Kirkaldy-Willis criterion, all patients were diagnosed as cervical vertebral degenerative instability, and recieved anterior decompression, bone grafting and internal fixation. Results All the patients were followed for 9 to 30 months (average 15.4 months). All fused segments achieved bony union. 1) JOA score of 25 cases with CSM and 16 cases with CSR and CSM was 9.52?1.93 before operation and 14.74?3.10 post operation respectively. There was significant statistical difference (P

Phospholipase C epsilon-1 (PLCE1) is a phospholipase C isoenzyme encoded by PLCE1 gene, and has more complicated molecular structure and function than other subtypes. Phospholipase C epsilon-1 is accepted the dual regulation by the upstream G proteins and GTP enzymes of Ras family. The downstream signal of PLCE1 is not only cause the Ca2+ flow and protein kinase C(PKC) activation, but also can be used as the GTP enzyme guanylic acid conversion factor of Ras superfamily, so as to regulate the expression of certain genes, adjusting cell growth and differentiation processes. PLCE1 plays a very important role in the signal transduction in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Previous studies showed that phospholipase C epsilon-1 played an important role in the development of malignant tumors (especially the digestive tumors), heart disease, nephrotic syndrome and other diseases, but there are some questions about the mechanisms of PLCE1 involved in allergic rhinitis, this article will make an overview about PLCE1 promotes allergic rhinitis CD4+ T cells differentiate to Th2 cells by PKC-NF-κB pathway and Ras-MAPK pathway.
Apoptosis ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; physiology ; Enzyme Activation ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C ; genetics ; physiology ; Protein Kinase C ; metabolism ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; enzymology ; Signal Transduction ; Th2 Cells ; cytology

AIM: To investigate the changes of apoptosis in isolated pancreatic islet cells, insulin secretion, expression of Bcl-xL and Bax induced by combination of IL-1?, TNF-? and IFN-?, and effects of taurine on them. METHODS: Isolated pancreatic islet cells from Wistar rat were incubated in monolayer in vitro. NO-2/ NO-3 production, NOS activity, insulin secretion, the protein expression of Bcl-xL and Bax, percentage of islet cell apoptosis and DNA fragmentation in pancreatic islet cells incubated with combination of IL-1?, TNF-? and IFN-? were measured, and the effects of taurine on the changes of them were further investigated. RESULTS: Combination of IL-1?, TNF-? and IFN-? induced a significant increase in percentage of pancreatic islet cell apoptosis, NO-2/ NO-3 production and NOS activity, DNA ladder appearance, a decrease in insulin content, up-regulation in the protein expression of Bax and down-regulation in the protein expression of Bcl-xL (P

Objective To investigate the clinical features of patients with brucellosis in Fujian Province and to update the relevant physician's knowledge on brucellosis.Method Retrospective analysis of the epidemiological,clinical,laboratory,imaging,treatment and outcome data of 7 patients with brucellosis were carried out in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital between January 2011 and July 2015.Results Of the 7 patients with brucellosis,6 were males and 1 was female aged between 29 to 61 years old,and 6 cases had a history of contact with goat.The main clinical presentations were repeated limb pain in 6 cases,6 patients got fever,4 cases with hepatomegaly,6 cases splenomegaly,and 7 cases lung inflammation.Hematology examination results indicated that 4 cases were normal,1 case decreased and 2 cases increased in white blood cells.Six cases had a liver dysfunction and 4 cases with low albumin level.All patients were detected positive of Malta Brucella by blood culture or bone marrow culture.In 6 cases and 4 cases out of the 6 cases,splenomegaly and hepatomegaly were found through B ultrasonography,respectively.After treatment of the 7 cases by doxycycline combined with minocycline rifampicin,3 cases were recovered,2 cases were relapsed,and 2 cases were improved.Conclusions The clinical symptoms are typical in these brucellosis patients.What we need to do is focus on improving the clinical and related physician's awareness of brucellosis,collecting a comprehensive history,choosing suitable assistant examinations based on the conditions of patients,strengthening the contact between clinical departments and auxiliary departments,and timely diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the process of apoptosis in lungs and liver induced by crushing hindlimbs of rat, and study the mechanismof crush injury. Methods The rat experimental model of hindlimbs crush injury was established. The cell apoptosis in lungs and liver was detected by TUNEL assay, and the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 apoptin was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results C ompared with the control group, the partial muscle injury of rat’s hindlimbs was more serious with more apoptosis observed in lungs and liver (P<0.05). The expression of Bax was up-regulated and Bcl-2 was down-regulated, whereas caspase-3 expression was activated (P<0.05). Conclusion The cell apoptosis has increased significantly in lungs and liver after crush injury of hindlimbs in rat. The corre-lation factor released during tissue injury may mediate apoptosis process.