OBJECTIVE:To establish a RP-HPLC method for the determination of the content of emodin in Compound shouwu mixture.METHODS:The determination was performed on Diamonsil C_(18) column(150 mm?4.6 mm,5?m) with the mobile phase consisted of methanol- 0.1%phosphoric acid(68:32).The detective wavelength was set at 220 nm.RESULTS: The linear range of emodin was 7.8～78.0?g?mL~(-1)(r= 0.999 8) with an average recovery rate of 98.25%(RSD = 1.09%,n=9).CONCLUSION:The method is accurate,sensitive and reproducible,and it is applicable for the quality control of the Compound shouwu mixture.

Objective To learn the correlation between thyroid function and arteriosclerosis in elderly popu-lation,and to provide research data for early clinical intervention.Methods 7 1 elderly patients with hypothyroidism were selected as A group,76 elderly patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were selected as B group,70 healthy elderly cases were selected as C group.Triiodothyronine (FT3 ),tetraiodothyronine (FT4 ),thyrotrophin (TSH ), triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC ),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL -C ),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),C reactive protein (CRP)levels of the three groups were detected.Carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT)was examined by color Doppler ultrasonography.Results FT4 levels of A group,B group were (5.25 ±4.17)pmol/L,(10.74 ±5.02)pmol/L respectively,which were lower than (18.53 ±6.38)pmol/L of C group.TSH levels of A group,B group were (16.45 ±6.96)mU/L,(6.25 ±3.84)mU/L respectively,which were higher than (3.37 ±1.13)mU/L of C group (t=14.650,8.232,15.522,6.037,all P<0.05).FT4 level of A group was lower than that of B group,TSH level of A group was higher than B group (t=7.185,11.097,P<0.05).TC, LDL-C levels of A group,B group were (5.96 ±1.01)mmol/L,(4.15 ±1.69)mmol/L,(5.64 ±0.94)mmol/L, (3.64 ±1.17)mmol/L respectively,which were higher than those of C group [(5.17 ±1.12)mmol/L,(3.20 ± 1.06)mmol/L](t=4.400,2.754,3.992,2.374,all P<0.05).TC,LDL-C levels of A group were higher than B group (t=1.990,2.139,all P<0.05).CIMT,CRP levels of A group,B group were (0.90 ±0.23)mm,(6.20 ± 1.31)mg/L,(0.79 ±0.17)mm,(4.55 ±1.05)mg/L respectively,which were higher than those of C group [(0.68 ±0.11)mm,(3.12 ±0.88)mg/L](t=7.229,4.599,16.364,8.878,all P<0.05).CIMT,CRP levels of A group were higher than B group (t=3.312,8.453,all P<0.05 ).CIMT and TSH,LDL -C,CRP levels were positively correlated (r=0.789,0.647,0.583,all P<0.05),CIMT and FT4 levels were negatively correlated (r=-0.636,P<0.05 ).Conclusion Hypothyroidism,subclinical hypothyroidism are associated with atherosclerosis in elderly population,and elderly patients with hypothyroidism,subclinical hypothyroidism are at high risk of atherosclerosis.

ObjectiveTo analyze the influence of different anesthesia methods on the stress response and hemodynamic of elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods Fifty-eight elderly patients who needed LC were selected and divided by random digits table method into GAEA group received general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia and GA group received general anesthesia with 29 cases each.The stress response and changes of hemodynamic were observed.Results Blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were elevated during pneumoperitoneum in both groups.Blood pressure and HR returned to normal at 30 minutes after pneumoperitoneum in GAEA group,which were recovered more slowly in GA group.There was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),HR between two groups before and after anesthesia (P＞0.05).SBP,DBP,HR of GAEA group were ( 123.8 ± 25.9) mm Hg ( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),(85.9 ± 8.4) mm Hg,(83.2 ± 7.4) times/min during pneumoperitoneum,respectively,(118.2 ±21.1) mm Hg,(84.4 ±8.3) mm Hg,(82.8 ±7.5)times/min at 10 min after pneumoperitoneum,( 114.9 ± 20.7) mm Hg,(80.2 ± 7.6) mm Hg,(78.5 ± 10.4)times/min at 30 min after pneumoperitoneum.SBP,DBP,HR of GA group were (138.3 ±26.7) mm Hg,(91.2 ± 8.8) mm Hg,(89.3 ± 10.1 ) times/min during pneumoperitoneum,( 130.3 ± 21.3) mm Hg,(89.2 ±8.6) mm Hg,(88.2 ± 9.7) times/min at 10 min after pneumoperitoneum,( 126.2 ± 20.7) mm Hg,(85.2 ±8.4) mm Hg,(84.9 ± 9.6 ) times/min at 30 min after pneumoperitoneum,respectively.SBP,DBP,HR during pneumoperitoneum,at 10 min and 30 min after pneumoperitoneum in two groups had significant differences (P ＜0.05).The anesthesia onset time in GAEA group was(73.2 ±24.9) s,and the awake time after operation was (31.6 ± 10.2) min,while those in GA group were (78.1 ± 22.4) s and (35.9 ± 14.3) min.The anesthesia onset time and awake time after operation in GAEA group were shorter than those in GA group,but had no significant difference (P＞ 0.05 ).Postoperative visual analogue score of GAEA group [ ( 13.4 ± 8.2)scores] was obviously lower than that of GA group[(26.3 ± 10.1) scores] (P ＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions between GAEA group [27.59％(8/29)] and GA group [6.90％(2/29)] had statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsCompared with general anesthesia,general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia during LC for elderly patients can reduce the occurrence of intraoperative stress responses and have more steady hemodynamic,better anesthetic effect and faster recovery.But it may cause the incidence of nausea,headache and other postoperative adverse reactions increase.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of routine dose of calcitriol and large dose impulsion therapy on hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism(SHPT). Methods 48 uremic hemodialysis patients were divided into group A(routine group, n = 22) and group B(control group, n = 21 ). In group A,22 pa-tients were administered with calcitriol for 6 months at the dosage of 0.25～0.5μg/d,adding calcium agents simul-taneously;the patients in group B were not given calcitriol for economic reason. In group C,21 patients were given calcitriol twice a week at the dosage of 2μg/time after hemodialysis for 3 months. Results Comparing to group B,serum PTH,AKP in group A had no significant difference,but serum hypocalcium and hyperphasphate were partly corrected,symptoms of bone pain, muscular convulsion and akin pruriter were improved. Comparing to group A,serum hypocalcium and hyperphasphate in group C were corrected, serum PTH, AKP were significantly decreased( t=2.031,P<0.05;t =3.317,P<0.001),and no hypercalcium oecurred. Conelosion Routine dose of calcitriol can not control uremic-SHirr,while impulsion therapy with lower dose oral calcitriol is effective and safe.

BACKGROUND:Chitosan hydrogel has good biocompatibility, biodegradability and antibacterial property, which can promote tissue healing and induce bone formation. As a scaffold carrying growth factors, it can ensure the efficient and slow release of exogenous growth factors.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of injectable nano/chitosan/bone morphogenetic protein-2 composite to promote periodontal tissue regeneration in rats.
METHODS:Fifty-four Wistar rats were randomized into three groups, and then chronic periodontitis model of the second molar was established. After modeling, injectable nano/chitosan/bone morphogenetic protein-2 composite was implanted into the periodontal tissue of the second molar in the experimental group; injectable nano/chitosan hydrogel was implanted in the control grouop; and nothing was implanted in the blank group. At 3, 6, 9 weeks after surgery, gingival bleeding index, probing depth, and tooth mobility were detected. X-ray and histopathological observations were carried out.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 9 weeks after surgery, the probing depth and tooth mobility were both lower in the experimental group than the other two groups (P < 0.05). In the experimental group, the alveolar bone height was restored at the root bifurcations, bone trabeculae were arranged densely and evenly, the newly formed periodontal ligament and alveolar bone tissues were dense and equaly distributed in the bone defect area at 9 weeks after surgery, indicating a better restoration effect than the control and blank groups. These findings suggest that the injectable nano/chitosan/bone morphogenetic protein-2 composite has an anti-inflammatory role and can guide periodontal tissue regeneration.

High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a new and exciting medical treatment. Cavitation is the focus in the field of HIFU research. Cavitation and the relationship between cavitation, echo and the thermal effects of HIFU treatment were reviewed in this article.

Objective To study the clinical and genetic features of Lowe syndrome. Methods The clinical data and test results of OCRL gene from two children with Lowe syndrome were analyzed. The related literatures were reviewed. Re-sults Two male patients all presented with low molecular proteinuria, hypercalciuria, rickets and nephrolithiasis. Patient 2 had renal tubular acidosis, glycosuria and cryptochism. Patient 1 was found to have abnormal vision and congenital cataract soon after birth and treated surgically. Patient 1 also had psychomotor retardation and the cranial magnetic resonance ima-ging (MRI) showed agenesis of the corpus callosum. Patient 2 did not have obviously extra-renal symptoms, but was found to have mild cataract by a meticulous ophthalmological examination. MRI showed cerebral hypoplasia and myelination delay and mental retardation was gradually appeared during follow-up. Two OCRL gene mutations were detected. A splice site mutation NG_008638.1:g.46846-46848delTAA/insC was found in patient 1 and a frame shift mutation NM_000276.3:c.321delC in exon 5 was found in patient 2. Both mutations were not reported previously. Conclusions The diagnosis of Lowe syndrome is mainly by clinical manifestations and test of OCRL gene. Lowe syndrome needs to be included in the differential diagnosis of a patient with congenital cataract and renal tubulopathy. Two novel mutations in the OCRL gene were identiifed.

Objective To explore the influence of the old Chinese national match the experience of haplostele liters of blood prescription of chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients with immune function and bone marrow suppression .Methods 94 cases of metastatic nodes in patients with rectal cancer treated in our hospital from February 2011 to June 2015 were selected as the re‐search object ,and were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to different regimen in the treatment , with 47 cases in each group .Patients in control group was treated with conventional XELON chemotherapy ,and patients in the ob‐servation group recieved rise blood prescription treatment based on the chemotherapy in the control group .The immune function and bone marrow suppression situation in both groups were observed after two treatment cycles .Results The stable rate of the obser‐vation group was 42 .55% ,significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0 .05);the CD4+ /,CD8+ CD8+ and NK cells were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0 .05) ,while those of the control group was significantly higher than that in control group (P>0 .05);the CD4+ /,CD8+ CD8+ and CD4+ /cells were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0 .05);The incidence rate of KPS in the observation group and control group was 70 .21% ,70 .21% ,17 .02% ,14 .89% , 87 .23% ,25 .53% and 23 .40% respectively .The KPS score of the observation group and the control group were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0 .05) ,and the G‐CSF in the observation group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The treatment of advanced metastatic colorectal cancer patients in the course of chemotherapy to give rise to blood formula can effectively improve the patient′s immune function ,reduce the bone marrow suppression effect ,improve the quality of life ,and it is worthy of clinical application .

Objective To analyze the pathogenesis,initially diagnosed symptoms and clinical manifestations of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at stage 2 to 5.Methods The data of 108 children who were hospitalized in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from September 2007 to April 2016 with CKD stage 2 to 5 were retrospectively analyzed.The etiologies,clinical manifestations and examinations were summarized,and the clinical manifestations were compared between the congenital hereditary urinary diseases group and the acquired urinary diseases group.Results (1) In the 108 cases collected,66 cases were male,42 cases were female,aged from 3 months to 15 years and 1 month old.Twenty-four cases were diagnosed at stage 2,26 cases at stage 3,35 cases at stage 4,and 23 cases at stage 5.(2) Twenty-eight kinds of illness were involved in the cause of CKD.Among them,57 cases (52.8％) had congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract,5 cases(4.6％) had hereditary kidney diseases,41 cases (38.0％) had other primary or secondary kidney diseases,and in 5 cases (4.6％) the causes of disease were unknown.(3) For the initially diagnosed symptoms,29 cases(26.9％) were due to complaints associated with kidney disease,36 cases (33.3％) were of other outside kidney symptoms,and 43 cases (39.8 ％) were of negative symptoms.The results of urinary ultrasound were abnormal in 79 cases(73.1％) and 87 cases(80.6％) showed abnormality in urinary analysis.There were 105 cases (97.2％) with abnormal manifestations either in urinary tract ultrasound or in urinary analysis.(4)The ages on diagnosis as CKD in children with congenital hereditary urinary diseases(5.89 years old) were younger than that of children with acquired urinary diseases (9.20 years old),and the difference was significant(Z =-3.434,P =0.001).The frequency of cases with short stature or lower-weight in group of congenital hereditary urinary diseases[66.1％ (41/622 cases),64.5％ (40/62 cases)] were significantly higher than those of the acquired urinary diseases group[43.9％ (18/41cases),43.9％ (18/41 cases)],and the differences were statistically significant(x2 =4.983,4.263,P =0.026,0.039).Conclusions The causes of CKD are complicated,and the congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract are the major causes of CKD at stage 2 to 5 in the cases.The initially diagnosed symptoms of CKD are insidious and atypical.The children with congenital hereditary urinary diseases tend to have more serious growth retardation.Urinary analysis and ultrasound may have an important significance for early diagnosis of CKD in children.

AIM: To investigate the effects of antagonistic peptide specifically binding to the second extracellular loop of CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) on inflammatory cell infiltration and TNF-α expression in lung tissues of asthmatic mice.METHODS: The asthmatic model of BALB/c mice was induced by ovalbumin (OVA) and the optimal sensitization concentration of OVA was screened.After modeling, the mice were intervened by gradual concentrations of antagonistic peptide via tail-vein injection.The pathocytological analysis and grading were performed in the lung tissues with HE staining.The expression of TNF-α at mRNA and protein levels in the lung tissues was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot.RESULTS: The optimal concentration of OVA was 500 mg/L (0.1 mL) as this concentration of OVA stably induced moderate degree of inflammation in the BALB/c mice.Treatment with different concentrations (1.5 g/L, 2.5 g/L and 3.5 g/L) of antagonistic peptide at 0.2 mL through tail-vein injection inhibited the expression of TNF-α, and markedly reduced the degree of inflammation in the lung tissues.The optimal concentration of antagonistic peptide was 2.5 g/L as the lung inflammation degree in 2.5 g/L group alleviated by 2 grades, and the number of inflammatory cells was also significantly reduced.Moreover, the mRNA expression abundance of TNF-α was nearly decreased by 90%, and the protein expression of TNF-α was decreased by 70% compared with model group.Meanwhile, the use of antagonistic peptide at 2.5 g/L before OVA stimulation confirmed the preventive function to some degree.In this group, the lung inflammation degree alleviated by 1 grade, and the expression of TNF-α at both mRNA and protein levels decreased by nearly 50%.CONCLUSION: The antagonistic peptide of CCR5 effectively inhibits the expression of TNF-α and relieves the inflammation in the asthmatic mouse lung tissues in a concentration-dependent manner.