Patients with advanced lung cancer should be given proper hospice care .Doctors should not only practice protective medicine on the foundation of laws and regulations , informing the patients about their conditions tactfully , but also try their best to provide the patients with optimal therapeutic strategies , taking the patient's physi-cal tolerance, economy, etc.into account and achieving the goal of humanized and individualized therapy .Mean-while, the construction of professional medical -nursing institution is in urgent need .Only providing general nurs-ing in multiple aspects of illness , mental health , social functions , can we relieve the pain both physically and men-tally, and improve the patient's quality of their terminal times .

Objective To explore the applied value of the super-short exposure time of the DR adjustable control in radiography of infant chest.Methods 100 chest radiographic films of infant in adjustable control group and fixed control group respectively were selected randomly.The quality of all films was evaluated by 4 technicians in charge in 4 grades(A,B,C and waste)and the detective rate of the tiny parts of the images was also evaluated.Results DR adjustable control:the rate of grade A,B,C and waste was 70%,20%,10% and 0% respectively.DR fixed control:the rate of grade A,B,C and waste was 42%,41%,15% and 2% respectively.The detective rate of tiny parts was 100% and 90% in DR adjustable control group and DR fixed control group respectively.Conclusion DR adjustable control chest film in infant is better than DR fixed control in image quality.DR adjustable control system is good for radiographic diagnosis.

Objective To explore the current status of sexual education and real needs of college freshmen in Kunming.Methods By applying random sampling,350 students from three universities in Kunming were investigated by seff-administered questionnaire,and 310 valid questionnaires were recovered.Fesults 23.9％ students confirmed that the schools do not provide courses related to sexual health,and 22.9％ of the surveyed students claimed that they even did not heard any sexual education courses in their schools.The main sources of students to acquire information in terms of sexuality and sexual health are network television,video magazines,friends and classmates.Both male and female students are more acceptable to carry out sex education lectures.There were significant differences between male and female students in the form of obtaining sexual education,the content of sexual education and the demand of sexual education in three aspects (P＜0.05).Girls tend to carry out sexual education in the form of major courses,but boys tend to the form of playing video or distributing books and periodicals (P＜0.05).Girls tend to obtain the courses on sexually disease,AIDS,heterosexual intercourse,or love psychology,but boys tend to contraceptive knowledge and skilIs,or Sexual value orientation (P＜0.05).Girls are more likely to acquire the knowledge of masturbation,sexual health,or sexual health,but boys prefer to the knowledge of sexual psychology,parasexuality,or homosexuality (P＜0.05).Conclusion As a main body of educational institute for young people,all universities should provide training courses related to sexuality and sexual health at the early stage of higher education in order to equip college students with essential knowledge and skills to have safer and positive impact on their college studies.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Chinese Daoyingong method on knee osteoarthritis.Methods Eighty patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into the experiment group and control group in equal number.The control group was given the routine medicine combined with Chinese fumigation and the experiment group was treated with Chinese Daoyin method beside the treatment in the control group.The two groups were compared in terms of the score on visual analog scale of pain and the score on knee function before and after treatment.Results The visual analog scale of pain in the experiment group was significantly lower than that in the control group after intervention and the score on knee function was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.001). Conclusion The intervention with Chinese Daoyingong method plus routine medication and Chinese herbal fumigation is effective in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

Background and purpose:The young breast cancer patients were treated with goserelin without individualized regimen, and lack of available clinical marker. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in evaluation of individualized treatment of ovarian function suppression in the young breast cancer patients.Methods:Forty-one young patients with estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positive breast cancer from May 2012 to Jan. 2014 were randomly divided into 2 groups to undergo radical resection of breast cancer. According to postoperative treatment, one group was treated with goserelin + chemotherapy (n=20), and the other group received chemotherapy alone (n=21). Thirty female patients in the same age group were selected as normal control group. The time of menopause and menstrual recovery after the goserelin + chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone were observed in 2 groups. In early follicular phase (day 3-5) of the cycle preceding the operation and 3, 6 courses after the goserelin + chemotherapy treatment or chemotherapy treatment, serum levels of AMH, FSH and E2 were measured in 2 groups. Accordingly, serum levels of AMH, FSH and E2 were evaluated as well in normal control group.Results:There were no signiifcant differences in preoperative general conditions and preoperative serum FSH and E2 levels among the 3 groups (P>0.05). Compared with normal control group, the preoperative serum AMH levels of young breast cancer patients were decreased signiifcantly (P=0.04). The menopause time and menstrual recovery time in 2 chemotherapy groups were signiifcantly shorter than that in normal control group (P=0.00). Compared with normal control group and preoperative measurement, the differences in serum FSH and E2 levels were not statistically significant in goserelin + chemotherapy group or chemotherapy alone group (P<0.05). The serum AMH levels measured at different time points of the goserelin + chemotherapy group and chemotherapy alone group were decreased signiifcantly (P<0.05). Compared with the chemotherapy group, the serum AMH levels of the goserelin + chemotherapy group after 6 courses were signiifcantly decreased, and then signiifcantly increased 6 months after menstrual recovery (P<0.05).Conclusion:This study demonstrated that the serum AMH levels were obviously decreased after the ovarian function suppression treatment and increased after the menstrual recovery compared with evaluation of other ovarian reserve index. The serum AMH level could suggest ovarian reserve damage even after ovarian function has recovered to the noticeable level. Thus, AMH could be used clinically to evaluate the ovarian reserve of breast cancer patients as a potential marker for the individualized ovarian function suppression treatment in young breast cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of agmatine (AGM) against peritoneal inflammatory response and neutrophil (PMN) infiltration induced by zymosan (ZYM) in mice. Methods Thirty-six adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham group, model group, and AGM treatment group. Peritonitis model was reproduced by intra-peritoneal injection of 1 mg/mL ZYM (0.5 mL), while equivalent phosphate buffer saline (PBS) was given to sham group. 200 mg/kg AGM was injected into peritoneal cavity after ZYM challenge in AGM treatment group. Six mice in each group were sacrificed at 2 hours and 6 hours, respectively, after reproduction of the model. Blood sample and peritoneal lavage fluid (PLF) were collected. The levels of keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins-6 (IL-6) in serum and PLF were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The number of leukocytes and PMN in PLF were determined by hemocytometer and flow cytometry, respectively. Results Compared with sham group, all serum and PLF levels of KC, MIP-2, TNF-α and IL-6 were greatly elevated at 2 hours after ZYM injection in model group, while AGM treatment could dramatically reduce the levels of the above-mentioned cytokines in serum and PLF as compared with those of the model group [serum KC (ng/L): 990.7±137.9 vs. 2 053.2±262.7, MIP-2 (ng/L): 642.2±124.4 vs. 1 369.7±146.5, TNF-α (ng/L): 608.6±38.1 vs. 1 044.7±101.0, IL-6 (ng/L): 1 058.2±129.1 vs. 1 443.3±190.1; PLF KC (ng/L): 7 462.3±839.6 vs. 12 723.5±1 515.7, MIP-2 (ng/L): 1 570.8±193.4 vs. 3 471.4±384.7, TNF-α (ng/L): 1 115.8±156.7 vs. 1 499.2±231.2, IL-6 (ng/L): 2 646.5±223.2 vs. 3 126.7±291.4; all P < 0.05]. The expressions of KC, MIP-2 and TNF-α at 6 hours were significantly lower than those at 2 hours in model group and AGM treatment group, but IL-6 levels were further increased. The levels of KC and MIP-2 in serum and PLF at 6 hours were decreased to the levels of sham group. At 6 hours after the reproduction of the model, the number of total inflammatory cells and PMN of PLF in the model group was significantly higher than those of the sham group. In contrast, AGM notably lowered the number of inflammatory cells and PMN in peritoneal fluid after ZYM attack [total inflammatory cells (×109/L): 14.7±1.1 vs. 2.0±0.4, 10.1±1.2 vs. 14.7±1.1; PMN (×109/L): 11.37±1.22 vs. 0.18±0.05, 7.69±0.57 vs. 11.37±1.22, all P < 0.05]. Conclusion AGM can effectively alleviate acute peritoneal inflammatory injury induced by ZYM, mainly through reducing the secretion of inflammatory mediators and chemokines, and inhibiting the infiltration of leukocytes and neutrophils.

In an effort to generate a desired expression construct for making heart-specific expression transgenic zebrafish, a Tol2 plasmid, which can drive EGFP reporter gene specifically expressed in the heart, was modified using subcloning technology. An IRES fragment bearing multiple cloning site (MCS) was amplified directly from pIRES2-EGFP plasmid and was inserted between the CMLC2 promoter and EGFP fragment of the pDestTol2CG vector. This recombinant expression plasmid pTol2-CMLC2-IRES-EGFP can drive any interested gene specifically expressed in the zebrafish heart along with EGFP reporter gene. To test the effectiveness of this new expression plasmid, we constructed pTol2-CMLC2-RED-IRES-EGFP plasmid by inserting another reporter gene DsRed-Monome into MCS downstream of the CMLC2 promoter and injected this transgenic recombinant plasmid into one-cell stage embryos of zebrafish. Under fluorescence microscope, both the red fluorescence and the green fluorescence produced by pTol2-CMLC2-RED-IRES-EGFP were detected specifically in the heart tissue in the same expression pattern. This novel expression construct pTol2-CMLC2-IRES-EGFP will become an important tool for our research on identifying heart development candidate genes' function using zebrafish as a model.
Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; growth & development ; DNA Transposable Elements ; genetics ; Genes, Reporter ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Transfection ; Transgenes ; Transposases ; genetics ; Zebrafish ; genetics ; Zebrafish Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate effects of tea polyphenols on the mRNA and nucleoprotein expression of Nrf2/Bach1 in human skin fibroblasts (HSFs).Methods Some HSFs were incubated with tea polyphenols at different concentrations of 0,2.5,5,10,20 and 40 mg/L for 24 hours.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was conducted to evaluate the proliferative activity of HSFs to screen the optimal concentration of tea polyphenols.Then,some other HSFs were treated with tea polyphenols at this optimal concentration for 24 hours.Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine mRNA expression of Nrf2 and Bach1,Western blot analysis to measure nuclear expression of Nrf2 and Bach1 proteins,and immunofluorescence assay to determine the distribution of Nrf2 and Bach1 protein in the cell nucleus.Results MTT assay showed that 5 mg/L tea polyphenols had no obvious effects on the proliferation of HSFs,so 5 mg/L was chosen as the optimal concentration of tea polyphenols for subsequent experiments.HSFs cultured without tea polyphenols served as control group.After the treatment,the 5-mg/L tea polyphenol group showed significantly decreased mRNA and nuclear protein expression of Bach 1 (mRNA:0.629 ± 0.077 vs.0.940 ± 0.033,t =6.397,P ＜ 0.05;protein:1.424 ± 0.171 vs.16.966 ± 1.702,t =15.730,P ＜ 0.05),but significantly increased mRNA and nuclear protein expression of Nrf2 (mRNA:1.467 ± 0.076 vs.0.977 ± 0.091,t =7.133,P ＜ 0.05;protein:6.929 ± 0.121 vs.3.537 ± 0.126,t =33.636,P ＜ 0.05) compared with the control group.Immunofluorescence assay showed increased accumulation of Nrf2 protein,but decreased accumulation of Bach1 protein in the nucleus.Conclusion Tea polyphenols can promote the mRNA and nuclear protein expression as well as nuclear distribution of Nrf2,but suppress the mRNA and nuclear protein expression as well as nuclear distribution of Bach 1,finally exerting antioxidative effects.

Objective:To investigate the effect of pterostilbene on the growth, apoptosis and autophagy of a human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) -immortalized cervical epithelial cell line H8.Methods:H8 cells were treated with pterostilbene at different concentrations of 0 (control group) , 25, 50, 75, 100 μmol/L for 24 and 48 hours. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay was performed to evaluate the cellular proliferative activity, flow cytometry was conducted to detect apoptosis and cell cycle, monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and fluorescence microscopy were performed to detect autophagy, and Western blot analysis was conducted to determine the expression of the cell cycle-related protein cyclinD1, apoptosis-related proteins caspase-3 and caspase-9, autophagy-related proteins Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) -Ⅱ/Ⅰ, ATG5 and P62, as well as HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7. Statistical analysis was carried out by using one-way analysis of variance, repeated measures analysis of variance and least significant difference- t test. Results:After 48-hour treatment with pterostilbene at different concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 μmol/L, the relative cellular proliferation rate significantly differed among the groups (100.00% ± 1.56%, 99.02% ± 4.97%, 93.59% ± 2.01%, 81.28% ± 4.90%, 69.17% ± 7.56%, respectively; F = 77.22, P < 0.05) , and gradually decreased along with the increase in the concentration of pterostilbene; compared with the control group, the pterostilbene groups all showed significantly decreased cellular proliferation rate (all P < 0.05) . After 24-hour treatment with pterostilbene, the proportions of H8 cells at G1, G2 and S phases significantly differed among the above groups ( F = 7 845.00, 51.14, 266.50, respectively, all P < 0.05) ; compared with the control group, the pterostilbene groups showed significantly increased proportions of H8 cells at G1 and G2 phases (all P < 0.05) , but significantly decreased proportions of H8 cells at S phase ( P < 0.05) . After 48-hour treatment with pterostilbene, the apoptosis rate was significantly higher in the 25-, 50-, 75- and 100-μmol/L pterostilbene groups (14.66% ± 0.22%, 13.50% ± 0.49%, 14.56% ± 0.19%, 15.30% ± 0.76%, respectively) than in the control group (11.58% ± 0.50%, all P < 0.05) . After 24-hour treatment with pterostilbene, MDC staining showed only a small number of H8 cells with bright dot-like fluorescence in the control group, but increased number of autophagosome-positive H8 cells with bright dot-like fluorescence in the pterostilbene groups. Western blot analysis revealed that there were significant differences in the protein expression of cyclin D1, caspase-3, caspase-9, Beclin1, LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ, ATG5, P62, E6 and E7 among the control and pterostilbene groups after 24- and 48-hour treatment with pterostilbene (all P < 0.05) . The treatment with pterostilbene could down-regulate the expression of cyclin D1, E6 and E7, and up-regulate the expression of caspase-3, caspase-9, Beclin1, LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ, ATG5 and P62, with significant differences between the control group and most pterostilbene groups in expression of the above proteins (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:Pterostilbene can inhibit the proliferation of H8 cells, promote their apoptosis and autophagy, and down-regulate the expression of oncogenes E6 and E7.

Objective To observe the expression and clinical significance of nuclear factorκB 65 (NF-κB65 ),intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 )and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1 )in the placenta tissue of patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH). Methods 58 PIH patients received institutional delivery were designed as PIH group and 40 normal materials of the same period were designed as control group.Expression of NF-κB65、ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in endothelial cells and trophoblast cells from villous capillary of placenta tissue of both groups were determined by using immunohistochemistry.Results The positive expression rate and ex-pression intensity in PIH group were significantly better than control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01 ). While the positive expression rate and expression intensity gradually increased with aggravation of PIH. Correlation analysis showed the expression intensity of NF-κB65 was significantly and positively correlated with that of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in capillary endothelial cells of PIH patients (r =0 .9 5 1 , 0.894,P<0.01 ).The expression intensity of NF-κB65 was significantly and positively correlated with that of ICAM-1 in villous trophoblast cells (r=0.801,P<0.01).Conclusion The expression of NF-κB 6 5 ,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 increases or decreases significantly in placental capillary endothelial cells and trophoblastic cells of PIH patients.Activation of NF-κB65 may regulate the expression of ICAM-1、VCAM-1 and involved in the development of PIH.