OBJECTIVE To comprehensively analyze the risk factors for infection and colonization of community-acquired MRSA.METHODS The results of 12 studies were analyzed by meta-analysis and the OR value of every factor was calculated.RESULTS All eight risk factors were evaluated:prior hospitalization(OR=2.46,CI1.25-4.85),antibiotics exposure recently(OR=2.77,CI1.34-5.74),contact with healthcare system and medical workers frequently(OR=6.48,CI2.38-17.63),surgery or invasive procedure(OR=2.53,CI1.90-3.36),age(OR=-1.99,CI-9.21-5.23),gender(OR=1.04,CI0.71-1.51),intravenous drug use(OR=1.49,CI0.34-6.54),and underlying diseases(OR=1.12,CI0.55-2.28).CONCLUSIONS Prior hospitalization,antibiotics exposure recently,contact with healthcare system and medical workers frequently and surgery or invasive procedure are risk factors of community-acquired MRSA.The effects of age,gender,intravenous drug use and underlying diseases need further investigation.

Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of Die-Mailing in treating cases of pulmonary heart disease with heart failure.Methods 92 cases were divided at random into 2 groups:conventional therapy group(46 cases) were treated with Die-Mailing injection on the base of routine therapy.Control group(46 cases) were treated with only routine therapy.Results Effect rate of conventional group was 93.5%(43/46),while the effect rate of control group was 71.7%(33/46).Conclusion The treatment of the Die-Mailing injection based on the conventional treatment can be effective to control pulmonary heart disease and heart failure.

Objective To investigate whether lipids and reagents would interfere the results when serum total bile acid(TBA) was measured by enzymatic cycling assay.Methods The serum TBA was measured by enzymatic cycling assay.The carry-over contaminations of high density lipoprotein(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein(LDL-C),cholesterol(TC),and triglyceride(TG)rea-gents were evaluated.In order to reduce the interference and carry-over contaminations,different washing procedures and detection sequence were set.Results By measuring the levels of TBA in pooled serums with low and high levels of lipids,the results showed that there was statistically significant difference between the groups with and without the addition of cleaning process before and af-ter TBA measurement(P <0.01).Cleaning with water might be more effective on reducing interference than those with acid solu-tion.Moreover,the mean of TBA levels in HDL-C,TC,TG and LDL-C reagents were (476.06 ± 1.88 ),(127.78 ± 1.18 ), (121.05±1.08),and (2.23±0.51)μmol/L,respectively.The stability of TBA level was greatly affected by HDL-C regents,fol-lowing by TC and TG reagents,and was little affected by LDL-C reagent.Setting up proper detection sequence and flushing proce-dures could obviously reduce the interference(P <0.01),but not completely rule out.Conclusion Analysis sequence and flushing procedures of biochemical analyzer as well as exogenous substance from reagents may seriously affect the accuracy of determination results.To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results,it is necessary not only to set up reasonable irrigation and reaction se-quence,but also to master the instrument operation,to know the principle of test reaction and the components of reagents as well as equipment maintenance.

Objective To evaluate the value of i-Scan in the diagnosis of Barrett′s esophagus.Methods 52 patients diagnosed with Barrett′s esophagus by gastroscopies and pathological examinations were observed under the ordinary edoscopy and i-Scan respectively.Besides,the Barrett's esophageal mucosa were classified by Endo with i-scan mode, the target lesions was taken to be biopsied and pathologically examined.Results ( 1 ) In the 52 patients,mucosal lesions were found in 46 cases (88.5%) under i-Scan and 35 cases (67.3%) under ordinary edoscopy respectively,mucosal lesion detection rate in i-Scan was significantly higher than normal white mode( P<0.01).In the 33 patients which found mucosal lesions in the two modes,the definition of lesion margins,morphology of lesion cryptaeand mucosa capillaries revealed by i-Scan were superior to that by white lighted endoscopy ( P<0.05);(2) Under i-scan mode,the detection of specific intestinal metaplasia ( SIM) of typeⅣ,type V in sensitivi-ty,accuracy,specificity were respectively 90.0%,93.5%,94.4%.Conclusion i-Scan is very easy to operate and has a clear lesion of Barrett′s esophagus,which helps to target the lesion at pathological biopsy.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and safety of Compound musk injection combined with edaravone on coag-ulation and neurological function of patients with traumatic brain injury. METHODS:A total of 84 patients with traumatic brain in-jury in our hospital during Apr. 2015 to Apr. 2016 were divided into observation group and control group,with 42 cases in each group. Control group was given Edaravone injection 30 mg+0.9% sodium chloride injection 100 mL,bid,ivgtt;observation group was additionally given Compound musk injection 20 mL+0.9% sodium chloride injection 250 mL,qd,ivgtt. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. NIHSS score,GCS score,the levels of NSE,CRP,PT,APTT and D-dimer,GOS score,the occurrence of ADR were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment. RESULTS:After treatment,NIHSS score of 2 groups decreased significantly,compared to before treatment;the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). GCS score of 2 groups increased significantly,compared to before treatment;and the observation group was significantly higher than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The serum levels of NSE,CRP,PT,APTT and D-dimer in 2 groups decreased significantly,compared to before treatment;and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). GOS score of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). No obvious adverse reaction was found in 2 groups during treatment. CON-CLUSIONS:Compound musk injection combined with edaravone can improve coagulation and neurological function of patients with traumatic brain injury,relieve traumatic brain injury and improve prognosis.

Objective To study the clinical effect of laparoscopic vaginoplasty using pedicled ileal and sigmoid colon segment.Methods From January 2004 to December 2009,105 cases undergoing laparoscope-assisted vaginoplasty using a vascularized pedicled intestinal flap were studied retrospectively.Operation time,blood loss in operating,bowel movement after operation,postoperation hospital duration,side effect,and artificial vagina were compared between two surgical management.Results The vaginoplasty were preformed successfully in all 105 cases.There were 48 patients treated by aparoscopeassisted ileal vaginoplasty and 57 patients treated by laparoscope-assisted sigmoid colon vaginoplasty.The values of the operation time [(141 ±22) minutes versus (159 ± 18) minutes,P =0.000],blood loss in operating [(42 ±6) ml versus (83 ± 14) ml,P =0.000],bowel movement after operation (36 ±9) hours versus (68 ±8)hours(P =0.000),and postoperation hospital duration [(9.8 ±2.0) days versus (11.1 ± 1.3) days,P =0.004] in the sigmoid colon vaginoplasty group were longer or higher than those in ileal vaginoplasty group (P ＜ 0.05).No intraoprative complication occurred.There were four postoperative complications:2 cases with intestinal obstruction in sigmoid colon vaginoplasty group,1 case with urethral orifice stenosis and 1 case with vaginal-rectal fistula in ileal vaginoplasty group.At follow-up of 6-62 months,all artificial vaginas had a capacity of over two fingers in wideness and 12-15 cm in length.Vaginal discharges resembled a milky white water or mucus without odour.Fifty-five patients with sexual intercourse reported satisfactory results.Six patients complained vaginal stenosis:5 patients in ileal vaginoplasty group and 1 patient in sigmoid colon vaginoplasty group.Conclusions Laparoscope-assisted vaginoplasty using pedicled ileum or sigmoid colon segment are both the effective ways in forming vagina.The latter management takes more time and blood loss while operating,yet the incidence of vaginal opening contracture appeared to be decreasing trend.

Objective:To evaluate the immunogenicity of an experimental SARS-CoV inactivated vaccine.Methods:The virus suspension of F69 strain was inactivated with 0.4% formaldehyde and purified,then used as the immune antigen combined with Freund′s adjuvant.Eight adult New Zealand rabbits were immunized 4 times with this vaccine.12 sets of rabbit serum were sampled from the third day to 74th day after first immunization.Titers of specific IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody were determined by indirect ELISA and micro-cytopathic effect neutralizing test.Results:Rapid and potent humoral immune responses were induced by F69 inactivated vaccine in all eight immunized rabbits.Both specific IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody all peaked just with 2 vaccinations,with the maximum titer of 1∶81 920 and 1∶20 480 respectively about 6 weeks after first immunization.Across neutralizing reaction existed between F69 and Z2-Y3 strains.Conclusion:F69 inactivated vaccine owns strong immunogenicity.Similar antigenic epitopes exist between the F69 strain and Z2-Y3 strain,which ensured the cross neutralizing reaction.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of EGCG-Zn chelated by epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Zn ion on learn-ing,memory and antioxidant abilities in vascular dementia(VD)rats. METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group,zinc gluconate group (positive control,70 mg/kg),EGCG group (5 mg/kg),and EGCG-Zn low-dose,mid-dle-dose,high-dose groups (2,5,10 mg/kg),10 in each group. The VD models were induced by middle cerebral artery occlu-sion. The rats were intragastrically given relevant medicines after 7 d of modeling,once a day,for 28 d. Morris water maze were used to evaluate learning and memory abilities of rats. Spectrophotometric method was adopted to detect the superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in brain tissue of rats. RESULTS:Compared with sham group,escape latency was extended in model group,percentage of platform quadrant swimming distance(dP/dT)was reduced(P<0.01);SOD,CAT,GSH-Px activities in brain tissue were reduced,and MDA content was in-creased (P<0.01). Compared with model group,escape latency on 4th d of recording was obviously shortened in EGCG group and EGCG-Zn dose groups,dP/dT was obviously increased and dose-depended(P<0.05 or P<0.01);SOD,CAT,GSH-Px activi-ties in brain tissue were increased,MDA content was decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01)and dose-depended. Compared with EGCG group and zinc gluconate group,escape latency was obviously shortened in EGCG-Zn dose groups,dP/dT was increased;SOD, CAT,GSH-Px activities in brain tissue were increased,MDA content was decreased;and the effects in high-dose,medium-dose groups were more obvious(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:EGCG-Zn can improve the learning,memory and antioxidant abilities in VD rats,and the effect is superior to EGCG.

Objective To understand the genetic characteristics of Enterovirus 71 ( EVT1 ) circu-lating strains of Guangdong province in 2008. Methods We isolated an EV71 strain from the fatal case of the hand, foot and mouth disease during an epidemic of Guangdong in 2008. Its complete genome was se-quenced and analyzed comparatively. Results The results showed that the full length of EV71 GDFS-3 ge-nome( not including poly A tail ) is 7405 bp. No insertion or deletion is detected in the coding region. There are several insertions and deletions in 5'and 3'UTR. Phylogenetic analysis of GDFS-3 and reference strains showed GDFS-3 strain shares the highest nueleotide homology with TW984 strain(96.0% ) but low homology with SIN5865, MS and BrCr( about 81.0% ). GDFS-3 strain also shares the highest amino acid homology with TW984 strain(99.0% ). It clustered with reference strains of CA subgenotype in the phylogenetie tree. The nucleotide identity with CA reference strains is 91.0% -95.0%. Conclusion The phylogenetic analysis based on the entire genome demonstrates that GDFS-3 strain has the nearest genetic relationship with TW984 strains ( isolated in 2004). GDFS-3 may belong to the same subgenogroup ( CA ) with Taiwan predominant strains. Otherwise,Some mutations in 5'UTR of EV71 may play the very important role in heightened viru-lence.

Objective To study the role of phosphorylation at Serine 129 in regulating the neurotoxicity of ?-synuclein. Methods Wild type and phosphomimic mutant ?-synuclein genes were over-expressed in mouse dopaminergic cells MN9D using retrovirus. The cell viability was examined using CCK-8 assay and cell morphology was observed by immunofluorescence microscopy. Results The result of real time PCR showed that WT/?-SYN and S129D/?-SYN genes were overexpressed in MN9D as compared to uninfected MN9D and vector control group(P