Objective To establish the quality standards of Gualou Guizhi Dropping Pills; To investigate the vitro dissolution. Methods HPLC was used to determine the contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, cinnamic acid, 6-gingerol, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritigenin in the dropping pills. The vitro dissolution rate of dropping pills was determined by rotating basket method. Results The calibration curves of paeoniflorin and albiflorin were in a good linearity in the range of 0.690–6.900 μg, 0.300–2.996 μg, respectively, and the average recoveries were 101.12% and 98.52%, respectively, with RSD of 2.24%, 1.37%, respectively. Cinnamic acid was linear in the range of 0.023–0.348 μg and the average recovery was 98.21% with RSD of 2.00%. 6-Gingerol was linear in the range of 0.025–0.382 μg, and the average recovery was 99.19% with RSD of 2.18%. The calibration curves of liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritigenin were in a good linearity in the ranges of 0.120–2.498 μg, 0.150–2.253 μg, and 0.010–0.147 μg, respectively, and the average recoveries were 99.80%, 100.38%, and 100.62%, respectively with RSD of 2.10%, 1.91%, 1.66%, respectively. The accumulated dissolution rates of seven kinds of elements in the dropping pills all reached more than 98% in 15 min. Conclusion The method is simple and accurate, with repeatability, which can be applied to the quality control of Gualou Guizhi Dropping Pills. The vitro dissolution rates meet relevant standards.