Objective To study the effect of ketamine on inward rectifier potassium currents(I_k1)in isolated rat ventricular myocytes using whole-cell patch clamp technique.Methods Adult Wistar rats of both sexes were anesthetized with pentobarbital.The hearts were removed and ventricular myocytes were prepared by the technique described by Liu et al.Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to study I_(k1) in isolated rat ventricular myocytes The changes in I_(KI) produced by 100 ?mol?L~(-1) with different holding potentials or by different concentrations of ketamine with holding potential of-120 mV were analyzed.Results Ketamine 100 ?mol?L~(-1) inhibited the Ira without any significant effects on reverse potential (-50--60 mV)and the shape of the Ⅰ-Ⅴ curve.Ketamine inhibited I_(k1) evoked by a holding potential of-120 mV in a dose-dependent manner with a mean IC_(50) value of (162.3?8.4)?mol?L~(-1).Conclusion Ketamine significantly inhibits I_(k1) in ventricular myocytes. This may explain the prolonged duration of action potential of ventricular myocyte produced by ketamine.

Objective To evaluate the effects of hydrocolloid dressings with conventional care in the prevention of pressure ulcers.Methods Randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised trials,which assessed the effects of hydrocolloid dressings in preventing pressure ulcers compared to conventional care were sought.Data were pooled using RevMan 5.0.Results 17 eligible trials were identified with a total of 1 371 study participants.Meta-analysis showed that:Compared to conventional care,conventional care and hydrocolloid dressings were effective for preventing pressure ulcers for patients at risk of pressure ulcers [RR =0.29,95％CI (0.18,0.46)] and using noninvasive positive pressure ventilator [RR=0.30,95％CI (0.18,0.52).Conclusions Hydrocolloid drcssings and conventional care can reduce the pressure ulcer incidence of patients at risk of pressure ulcer or using noninvasive positive pressure ventilator.

Objective To analyze comparatively the outcome of modified Manipal and DeVega tricuspid annuloplaaty.Methods From Oct.2001 to Aug.2004,the consecutive 123 patients operated with modified Manipal tricuspid annuloplasty for tricuspid re- gurgitation at the time of left cardiac valve replacement(group A)were elected in this study.The other 174 patients operated with De Vega tricuspid annuloplasty at the time of left cardiac valve replacement were elected randomly for control(group B).There were no significant differences of the patient data before surgery between two groups.Results There were overall 11 early deaths(4 in group A,7 in group B),The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 3.7 %.215 of the 286 surviving patients were followed;the overall follow up was 75.2 %.Mean follow-up was(28.4?9.1)months(range from 13 to 49 months).There were ten late deaths and the late mortality rate was 4.7%.There was no significant differences in the patients with 3+～4+ tricuspid regurgitation at follow-up 18,30 and 42 months in group A;but there was an increase of the patients with 3+～4+ tricuspid regurgitation with an incremental follow up term in group B(P

Objective Bortezomib plus dexamethasone (BD) and bortezomib,epirubicin plus dexamethasone (PAD) are both front-line regimens of multiple myeloma.This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of BD versus PAD regimens in multiple myeloma.Methods All 208 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma using either BD or PAD front-line regimens were enrolled between November 2006 and July 2014.Front-line chemotherapy regimens were 2-7 cycles.Response rates,overall survival,progression-free survival,and adverse effects were retrospectively analyzed.Results (1) In PAD group,the overall response rate was 82.9％ [complete response(CR) 28.6％,very good partial response(VGPR) 12.9％],which was similar as that in BD group [70.3％ (CR 26.8％,VGPR 5.1％),P =0.049].The estimated median progression-free survival was 34.0 months in PAD group versus 25.0 months in BD group (P =0.010).(2) The triplet regimen has a higher accumulated response rate along with chemotherapy cycles,but it didn't show any difference with the doublet regimen.(3) In elderly patients (＞ 65 years old),the overall response rates in two groups had no significant difference (P =0.769),while in patients ≤65 years old,PAD regimen were more effective than BD regimen (P =0.037).(4) Grade 3 and 4 adverse events were recorded with a higher number of patients in the PAD group than those in the BD group.Conclusions Compared with BD regimen,PAD regimen improves the initial response rates,especially deep responses,as well as progression-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.However,more severe toxicities are accordingly higher.In elderly patients,overall response rate,estimated median progression-free survival,and median overall survival are all comparable in both regimens.

Objective To investigate the relationship between CRP, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) levels, PAI-1 gene promoter 4G/5G polymorphism and the type of acute myocardial infarction (ST elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI vs the non-ST elevation Myocardial infarction, NSTEMI). Methods One hundred seventy-six consecutive patients with AMI were included for the study, of whom 60 had STEMI and 56 had NSTEMI, and 60 adults without cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease were selected as controls. Blood samples were obtained from patients within 6 h of AMI and the plasma PAI-1, CRP, and the gene polymorphism were measured. Results Plasma levels of PAI-1 and CRP were higher in AMI groups, compared those in the control group, and plasma levels of PAI-1 were significantly higher in patients with STEMI compared to those with NSTEMI (80.12ng/ml VS.73.01ng/ml, P <0.01), while CRP levels were not significantly different between patient with STEMI and NSTEMI (3.87±0.79 mg/ml VS.4.01±0.69mg/ml, P>0.05). PAI-1 levels presented a significant correlation with CRP levels in the NSTEMI subjects. However, PAI-1 and CRP levels could explain the lack of a significant relationship between them in control and STEMI subjects.The frequencies of 4G/4G genotype in the AMI group were higher than those in the control group and higher in patient with STEMI than in patient with NSTEMI. Plasma levels of PAI-1 in subjects with 4G/4G genotype were significantly increased as compared to those in subjects with 4G/5G and 5G/5G genotype. Conclusions Plasma PAI-1 levels were associated with different myocardial infarction type, and PAI-1 promoter 4G/5G polymorphisms and CRP may be related to plasma PAI-1 levels.

Objective To establish the reference intervals of hemoglobin A 1c( HbA1c ) and fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) in the first and second trimester of pregnancy in Chongqing , and to evaluate the viability of the combination of HbA 1c and FPG in screening gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods The study retrospectively selected the pregnant women seen at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Daping Hospital between September 2014 and August 2015.The results of FPG during 10-13 pregnant weeks and 75 g oral glucose tolerance test ( OGTT ) and HbA1c during 24-28 pregnant weeks were available.Totally 185 cases were assigned into GDM group , and 269 cases were assigned into normal group based on the American Diabetes Association ( ADA) guidelines.Reference intervals of HbA 1c and FPG in normal pregnant woman were developed .The difference of HbA 1c , FPG and OGTT results between two groups was analyzed.T-student test, NcMemar test,signed rank sum test, ROC curve were used for statistical analysis.Results The reference intervals of HbA 1c and FPG in first and second trimester were 4.58%-5.52%,4.21-5.49 mmol/L and 4.03-5.08 mmol/L.The FPG level in first and second trimester and HbA 1c level in GDM group vs normal group were(5.06 ±0.37) vs(4.85 ±0.32)mmol/L(t=6.569,P=0.000), 5.23(5.11,5.4) vs 4.74(4.54,4.91) mmol/L(z=-14.31,P=0.000)and 5.3(5.1,5.4)% vs 5.2(5.0, 5.3)%( z=-5.79,P=0.000) respectively.The area under receiver operating characteristic curve ( ROC) of HbA1c , and FPG in first and second trimester was 0.655, 0.659 and 0.890 respectively.When the cut-off value of HbA1c was 5.35%, the AUC of the combination of HbA 1c and FPG in second trimester was 0.898, the sensitivity was 0.838,and the specificity was 0.859.The kappa coefficient for identifying GDM between OGTT and the combined method was 0.692(P=0.000).Conclusion HbA1c combined with FPG is of some value in screening GDM.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of chronic endurance exercise on microcirculatory reserve capacity of biceps brachii in Chinese rowers and provide a certain basis for the date standard foundation of monitoring of functional status and the foundation of database of reserve capacity of blood of Chinese rowers.

METHODSEmpty stomach in the morning, 77 rowers from different groups and 24 common health people were noninvasive tested by using PeriFlux System 5000, the test indexes include the microcirculatory reserve capacity and other related indexes of biceps brachii. The test sites of all athletes were the same space in biceps brachii of the right side of body, there was no space differences of all athletes . All athletes were tested in the relatively stable functional status, common people were healthy. The test value included basic values and heating values, put the before and after heating of microcirculatory blood perfusion (MBP) as the microcirculatory reserve capacity.

RESULTSHeavyweight female (198. 97 ± 98. 81) > heavyweight male (183. 45 ± 64. 31) > lightweight male (151. 01 ± 65. 96) > lightweight female(140.53 ± 43.22) > common male people(127.21 ± 56.38) > common female people(103.54 ± 33.41), the microcirculatory reserve capacity of each group athletes were higher than common people, except the comparison between lightweight female and common male people, and there was no significant difference among the different group athletes.

CONCLUSIONChronic endurance exercise can improve the microcirculatory reserve capacity of rowers, especially the heavyweight rowers; the normal value of microcirculatory reserve capacity of heavy weight rowers should be more than 160, and lightweight rowers should be more than 120. There was no significant difference among different sex athletes, if the value of microcirculatory reserve capacity is significant lower than normal, it shows that athletes are in the state of fatigue.

Arm ; Athletes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microcirculation ; Muscle, Skeletal ; blood supply ; Sports

OBJECTIVETo observe therapeutic effect of scalp-acupuncture plus body-acupuncture on spastic cerebral palsy and its effects on bone density and blood trace elements Ca, Cu, Zn, and Fe in the children with spastic cerebral palsy.

METHODSEighty children of spastic cerebral palsy were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. The observation group were treated with scalp-acupuncture plus body-acupuncture combined with body therapy and performance therapy, and the control group with simple body therapy and performance therapy, once each day, for 3 courses, 30 days constituting one course. Changes of bone density and the trace elements were compared before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 87.5% in the observation group and 67.5% in the control group with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05); after treatment, the bone density and blood Ca, Cu, Zn and Fe contents in the two groups significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) with the observation group being superior to the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe scalp-acupuncture plus body-acupuncture combined with body therapy and performance therapy can improve bone density and contents of trace elements in the children of spastic cerebral palsy, and has a definite therapeutic effect on spastic cerebral palsy.

Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Bone Density ; Cerebral Palsy ; metabolism ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Scalp ; Trace Elements ; blood

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of synthesized rehabilitation on detoxification addicts.Methods100 detoxification addicts were randomly divided into the rehabilitation group and control group with 50 cases in each group. Cases of the rehabilitation group were treated with "ten-step" rehabilitation treatment, but that of the control group did not. The rehabilitating treatment included cognitive psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, family treatment, social skill training and etc. The effects of two groups were evaluate with Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) scale.ResultsExcept hostility, other factorial scores of the rehabilitation group including positive items, somatization, obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, phobia, paranoid and psychotic factors were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05～0.01).ConclusionThe synthesized rehabilitation can obviously improve the psychology of detoxification addicts.

Objective To investigate a more perfect method for a nice outward appearance of the thumb(finger) reconstructed.Methods An artery pedicle composite flap from fibular side of the great toe is inlaid in the tibial(ventral) side of the free second toe for thumb reconstruction and the same free second toe with a distal part of metatarsal bone with a double-wings flap for finger reconstruction before transplantation. Results The reconstructed thumb(finger) gets a nice looking and normal function while no blight to the great toe occurred.Conclusion It is an effective new procedure in ameliorating outward appearance of the recon- structed thumb(finger) by transferring the free moulded second toe.