OBJECTIVE:To promote the drug use in a legal way.METHODS:The legal issues were analyzed,which included standardization of specially administrated drugs,exchange or replacement of prescribed drugs,usage and dosage of prescribed drugs,informed consent of patients,etc.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:There still exist problems in clinical drug use,the relevant laws and regulations should be further standardized and identified.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between sleep quality and glucose level,diabetic complications in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 130 hospitalized elderly type 2 diabetes in our hospital were included in the study. Questionnaires and other related clinical data were collected within one week after admission.Patients were divided into two groups:poor-sleeper group and good-sleeper group according to Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).ResultsSixty percent (78/130) of these patients were poor sleepers. The following parameters differed in the two groups:the duration of diabetes [ (7.9 ± 1.8 ) years vs ( 7.2 ± 1.5 ) years,t =2.318 ],systolic blood pressure [ ( 148 ± 30 ) mm Hg ( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs ( 138 ± 23 ) mm Hg,t =2.037 ],fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [ ( 10.7 ± 2.2) mmol/Lvs ( 9.8±1.9)mmol/L,t =2.410],hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) [(8.6 ±2.2)％ vs (7.8±2.1 ) ％,t =2.068],high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) [ (5.27 ± 2.34) mg/L vs (4.44 ± 1.76)mg/L,t =2.179 ],ratio of diabetic complications ( 61％ vs 32％,x2 ＝ 4.257 ),percentage of depression ( 20％ vs 8％,x2 =3.722 ),score of life quality [ ( 98 ± 19 ) scores vs ( 89 ± 13 ) scores,t ＝ 2.980 ],and proportion of patients treated with insulin (32％ vs 12％,x2 =4.489). All the above parameters were significantly higher in poor-sleeper group than the good-sleeper group (all P value＜ 0.05 ). Multiple correlation analysis showed that the factors affecting sleep quality were FPG,HbA1c,duration of diabetes,diabetic complications,depression,life quality and insulin application (r =0.213,0.257,0.223,0.335,0.422,0.3451,0.231,respectively ; all P value ＜ 0.05 ).By multivariate logistic regression analysis,the followings were found:FPG (β =1.29,P ＜ 0.05 ) and PSQI (β =1.07,P ＜ 0.05 ) were found to be correlated with HbA1c.With increasing of PSQI,FPG,HbA1c,diabetic complications and life quality were changed significantly( all P value ＜ 0.05 ).The indcpcndcnt risk factors of diabetic complications were duration of diabetes ( OR ＝ 1.32,95％ CI 1.01-2.01 ),HbA1c ( OR =2.01,95％ CI 1.63-2.67 ),hs-CRP( OR =1.12,95％ CI 1.08-1.21 ) and PSQI ( OR =1.71,95％ CI 1.58-2.02).ConclusionsElderly type 2 diabetes mellitus are usually poor sleepers. Sleep quality probably affects blood glucoseregulation, and is closely correlated with the occurrence of complications.In addition,poor sleep quality results in poor life quality.

Objective To investigate the effect of vitrification on the biomechanics of tendon tissue in rabbit.Methods Two frozen methods were adopted.The first group was treated with Cryoprotective Agent,which was composed of 18.64%DMSO(V/V),13.37% Acetamide(V/V),9.17% 1,2 Propylene glyco(V/V),0.10mmol/LTrehalose and 10% Calf serum.The tendon tissue with three steps of preliminary treatment,preserved in Cryoprotective Agen was conserved in liquid nitrogen(-196℃)for 14 days;The second group treated with 15% DMSO and 10% Calf serum served as control group.Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the Histiooytic shape of tendon.Each group was performed with tendon tensile test,which could detect maximum load,the maximum shifting quantity and Young's Elastic Modulus.Results There was no significant damage in the tissue's micromechanism of vitrified tendon.But in cryopreservation group,the tissue's micromechanism was apparently damaged.There was no significant difference between test group and control group in maximum load(P=0.256).The same was the maximum shifting quantity(P=0.065).There was significant difference between test group and control group in Young's Elastic Modulus(P=0.006).Conclusion The damage of vitrification to tendon is less than that of profound hypothermia preservion,especially to tendon's corpuscular shape,but there is no significant difference between test group and control group in tendon's biomechanics.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii.METHODS A.baumannii was collected in our hospital from Jan 2003 to Dec 2006.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk-diffusion method.RESULTS A total of 548 A.baumannii were collected during 4 years.Of these isolates,130(23.7%) strains were from intensive care unit(ICU),190 strains(34.7%)from surgical,and others from medical and emergency departments.Most of strains(78.5%) were isolated from sputum,next from wound.The prevalence of A.baumannii was increasing during last 4 years.Results of susceptibility test showed that imipenem was the most active antibiotic against A.baumannii.The resistance rates were high to most antibiotics.Most of the resistant strains was from the ICU and the general ward differentand had significant difference.More than 50% of isolates were resistant to all antimicrobial agents tested except imipenem and ciprofloxacin in ICU.CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of A.baumannii is increasing.A.baumannii isolates show high resistance to multiple antibiotics,especially in ICU.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and safety of gynecological operation in the fentanyl combined with Imidazole anesthesia. Methods In our hospital from June 2011 to June 2012 gynecological operation treatment of 78 cases of patients as the research objects,they were randomly divided into observation and control group,39 patients in each group, treated fentanyl combined with imidazole and propofol respectively combined with fentanyl anesthesia re-spectively,and compared the clinical efficacy and safety of two groups. Results In the observation group,the object of study in the anesthetic effect and safety were superior to the control group, and had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Fentanyl combined with Imidazole anesthesia in gynecologic operation has good effect of anesthesia, and high security advantages.

This paper proposes a mathematical model based on probability graphs and an algorithm of iterative reasoning,which is an automatic interactive question-and-answer mathematical model based on the classic TCM syndrome differentiation system and the theory of prescription and syndrome correspondence.It is used for TCM online interactive consultation and automatic syndrome differentiation analysis to improve the effectiveness of remote TCM clinical consultation and help TCM artificial intelligence assist syndrome differentiation.This model can express the clinician's experience in syndrome differentiation,and reflect his ability to accumulate and apply knowledge of ancient Chinese books,which is conducive to the inheritance and development of TCM physicians'personal experience.The model is scalable and configurable,and can continuously accumulate experience in dialectics and knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine.The use of iterative reasoning algorithm can realize the automatic analysis and reasoning of more optimized syndrome analysis results through brief interactive question and answer,providing more efficient and convenient practical assistance for clinical diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,which is conducive to accelerating the inheritance and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine,and is conducive to the expansion of Chinese medicine.The mass basis and market supply of medical diagnosis and treatment services have far-reaching social benefits.

Objective:To ascertain the endemic status of paragonimiasis in Zhejiang Province.Methods:From 2005 to 2020, 2-3 villages in 1-2 counties (cities, districts, hereinafter refferred to as counties) in historical endemic areas of paragonimiasis in Zhejiang Province were selected for monitoring each year. In each village, 50 to 150 local residents were selected as monitoring subjects, venous blood samples were collected, and serum Paragonimus antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fifty to 100 intermediate hosts crabs or crayfish were collected in each village, and the infection of Paragonimus metacercaria was detected by crushing precipitation. Results:The positive rate of Paragonimus antibody was 2.9% (94/3 297); 3 929 crabs or crayfish were divided into 2 749 groups, 790 of which were found to have Paragonimus metacercaria infection, with a Paragonimus metacercaria infection rate of 28.7%. Conclusions:Paragonimus transmission chain exists in some counties of Zhejiang Province, which still has the potential risk of Paragonimus epidemic. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and carry out extensive health education to improve residents' self-protection awareness.

Background Pesticides like organophosphorus and pyrethroids are extensively utilized, and associated potential human health risks arising from multi-route exposure, including environmental sources and dietary intake, cannot be overlooked. Conducting human exposure studies using pesticide exposure biomarkers is essential for an objective evaluation of human pesticide exposure levels. Objective To develop a rapid and precise liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the detection of 12 pesticide metabolites in urine, including 5 metabolites of organophosphorus pesticide, 4 metabolites of pyrethroid pesticide, 2 metabolites of herbicides, and 1 metabolite of insecticide. Methods After overnight enzymatic hydrolysis, urine samples were subjected to extraction and purification using Oasis HLB 96-well solid-phase extraction. Subsequently, the samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and quantified using the isotope internal standard method. The developed method was employed to analyze 143 urine samples from a general population to assess its effectiveness and to evaluate pesticide exposure levels. Results All 12 target compounds exhibited good linear ranges, with their correlation coefficients of calibration curves exceeding 0.999. The limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.02 to 0.19 μg·L⁻¹, while the limits of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.06 to 0.27 μg·L⁻¹. The recoveries at three spiked levels ranged from 84% to 112%, and the inter- and intra- day precisions of targeted analystes were 0.43%-9.6% and 1.6%-9.7% respectively. Using this method, 143 urine samples from residents in Jiangsu region were analyzed, and 11 pesticides were detected except N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). Conclusion The established method of solid-phase extraction combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has the characteristics of low detection limit, good repeatability, and high throughput, which is suitable for quantitative detection of selected 12 pesticides in large batches of human urine samples, and provides technical support for pesticide internal exposure monitoring and health risk assessment.

Ulcerative colitis （UC） is a commonly seen digestive system disease with unclear pathogenesis. The condition is complex and variable， often chronic， and has a long treatment period with no specific cure. Currently， the treatment of UC often involves the use of corticosteroids， aminosalicylates， and biologics in western medicine， which provide fast-acting and definite efficacy in the short term. However， with prolonged medication， some patients may develop drug resistance and worsening of the disease， leading to the occurrence of colon cancer. Research has found that oxidative stress is one of the important pathogenic factors in UC and influences its onset and development. Oxidative stress is a state of imbalance between oxidative products and the antioxidant system in the body， characterized by overexpression of oxidative products such as malondialdehyde （MDA）， reactive oxygen species （ROS）， nitric oxide （NO）， or deficiency of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase （SOD）， catalase （CAT）， and glutathione （GSH）. It is worth noting that traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， as a unique characteristic medicine of China， has achieved significant efficacy in the treatment of UC. Studies have shown that TCM effectively inhibits the occurrence of UC by suppressing the accumulation of metabolites and antagonizes the development of UC by enhancing the antioxidant system. Therefore， using TCM to regulate the oxidative balance as a diagnostic and therapeutic approach may be a new method and direction for the treatment of UC in the future. Based on the above research， this article summarized the mechanisms of key pathogenic proteins in oxidative stress and the occurrence and development of UC， and compiled the effective ingredients of Chinese medicine， single drugs， prescriptions， and acupuncture and moxibustion in regulating upstream and downstream target proteins of oxidative stress. These interventions can reduce pathological damage to the intestinal mucosa， lower the colon injury index， enrich the intestinal microbiota， increase colon length， and improve clinical symptoms of UC. The article is expected to expand the application of TCM in the treatment of UC and provide a reliable scientific theoretical basis.

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