The dissertation review and defense process of medical science degree graduate stu-dents has become a mere formality because of the manner of postgraduates cultivation, cultural factors and objective factors, resulting in poor quality of degree dissertation. This paper deeply analyzed the reasons for the above problems, and proposed five aspects of adjustment through the reviewer choosing, review process, evaluation scale, evaluation content and evaluation opinions to perfect the eval uation system. It also proposed four aspects of adjustment through strengthen the significance, thesis defense, defense supervision content development process and the detalled reply results to perfect defense system.

Objective To examine the effect of donepezil on cognitive function of Alzheimer's disease from a naturalistic observation in memory clinic.Methods From the subject pool in memory clinic,thirteen patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease(meeting NINCDS-ADRDA criteria of probable AD)were enrolled in the naturalistic observation.Donepezil with dosage of 5 mg daily Was administered.Cognitive Ability Screening Instrument (CASI)Was used to assess the cognitive function,and was administered at baseline,3 and 6 months after treatment with donepezil.Resuits After 6-month treatment with donepezil,the change of score of verbal fluency from baseline Was significant[(4.3±3.1)vs(6.2±2.7),P＜0.05].There was a trend that constructional praxis was also improved after 6-month treatment(P=0.06).The change of scores of other cognitive domains remained the sanle(P＞0.05).Conclusion In the naturalistic observation at memory chnic,donepezil may improve verbal fluency of AD patients,and keep most cognitive function stable.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Nano-Se with lower toxicity on the anti-tumor effect of cisplatin. Method: For toxicity comparison, mice were orally administered Nano-Se and sodium selenite to observe death, body weight loss and liver injury. As to the protective effect of Nano-Se on the toxicity of cisplatin, mice with and without Nano-Se supplementation were injected cisplatin to observe death and body weight loss. For evaluation of whether Nano-Se influence the anti-tumor effect of cisplatin, Lewis lung carcinoma was transplanted into mice, and the survivor and tumor volume were recorded to compare the effect of Nano-Se supplementation on cisplatin. Results: The toxicity of Nano-Se is significantly lower than sodium selenite. Nano-Se can decrease toxicity of cisplatin without compromising its anti-tumor effect. Conclusion: Nano-Se with lower toxicity can improve the therapeutic effect of cisplatin.

Objective:To examine the discriminatory potential of the ADAS-Cog, Chinese version for mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods:Patients with AD (199 mild AD and 106 moderate AD) meeting the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria of probable AD were recruited. The Chinese version of ADAS-Cog was administered to all AD subjects. Results:The total score of ADAS-Cog and the score of each ADAS-Cog item differed significant-ly between mild and moderate AD groups, with higher scores in moderate AD group. GLM analysis showed insignifi-cant influence of age or educational level on the ADAS-Cog total score. These results indicated that ADAS-Cog could represent the distinctive profiles of cognitive impairment between mild and moderate AD. The results of Logis-tic regression analysis showed that the item score of orientation and constructional praxis as well as the ADAS-Cog total score could classify mild and moderate AD efficiently, with a sensitivity of 78% - 82% and a specificity of 70% - 73%. Conclusion:Our results indicate that the Chinese version of ADAS-Cog is useful for staging of AD. It is recom-mended that the Chinese version of ADAS-Cog be introduced for monitoring the AD drug therapeutic efficacy on cognitive impairment among Chinese AD patients.psychiatry Alzheimer's disease

Objective:To establish the quantitative method for eucalyptol in Chimonanthus salicifolius S. Y. Hu by GC. Methods:The GC method was performed on a Zebron ZB-WAX column (60 m × 0. 32 mm,0. 5 μm) with programmed temperature of 60-200℃, an FID detector was used, the detector temperature was 250℃, the inlet temperature was 220℃, and the carrier gas was nitrogen with high purity. Results:A good linearity of eucalyptol was within the range of 0. 012 6-0. 503 4 mg·ml-1(r=0. 999 8), and the average recov-ery was 100. 68%(RSD=1. 51%,n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and quick with good reproducibility, and suitable for the quality control of Chimonanthus salicifolius S. Y. Hu.

Objective:To study the quality standard for Herba Desmodii,and provide the scientific basis for a reasonable method of quality control. Methods:With the methods of microscopic identification,thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography for the qualitative and quantitative determination of Herba Desmodii,the ethanol soluble extracts,moisture content and total ashes of Herba Desmodii were determined. Results:The characteristics of thin-layer chromatography were obvious;a good lineari-ty of quercetin and kaempferol was within the range of 0. 002-0. 050 μg(r=1. 000 0)and 0. 004-0. 100 μg(r=0. 999 9)with the av-erage recovery of 97.89%(RSD=0.89%,n=6)and 98.93%(RSD=1.31%,n=6),respectively. Conclusion:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,which can effectively control the quality of Herba Desmodii.

Objective: To discuss the quality control method and index of traditional She medicine -Melastoma dodecandrum. Methods:The contents of gallic acid , ellagic acid and total flavonoids ( the total amount of quercetin and kaempferol) were deter-mined by HPLC. Water content, acid insoluble ash content, extract, heavy metals and harmful elements in 26 batches of herbs were also detected. Results:The content range of gallic acid, ellagic acid and total flavonoids was 9. 84-26. 31 mg·g-1 , 4. 13-16. 11 mg· g-1 and 1. 31-38. 28 mg · g-1 , respectively. The content range of water, acid insoluble ash and extract was 6. 70%-13. 90%, 1. 05%-6. 20% and 18. 00%-40. 80%, respectively. The content of Pb in all the samples was more than 5 ppm, the number of sam-ples with the content of Cd above ten thousand three was 7, and the content of As, Hg and Cu in all the samples was less than 1 ppm, ten thousand one and 20 ppm, respectively. Conclusion:The contents of gallic acid, ellagic acid and total flavonoids can comprehen-sively reflect the content of active ingredients in Melastoma dodecandrum. The contents of acid insoluble ash, Pb and Cd in Melastoma dodecandrum are relative high, which should be studied further to draw up reasonable limit.

Objective Acute liver failure is one of the significant causes of death clinically.It is important to explore new serum markers of liver injury for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of severe liver disease.Hepassocin ( HPS) is a liver-specific mitogenic growth factor.Our study is intended to investigate the correlation between HPS serum levels and the degree of liver injury.Methods Firstly, a mouse model of acute liver injury was constructed via intraperitoneally injection with different doses of CCl4 .Then the survival rate, alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) and the pathological changes in the liver were detected.Meanwhile, ELISA assay was performed to detect the serum level of HPS.In addition, the mRNA level and protein level of HPS were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively.Results The mortality rate was increased and the liver damage was aggravated with the increase of the CCl4 dose.Besides, the ALT and AST levels were also increased in a dose-dependent manner.Additionally, the mRNA and protein levels of HPS were significantly up-regulated and closely related to the degree of the liver injury in the model. Conclusion HPS can be used as a new marker of liver injury in mice.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of oleanolic acid in She medicine radix of Aralia chinen-sis L. . Methods:The HPLC analysis was performed on a Waters XBridge-C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) column. The mobile phase was methanol-0. 1 mol·L-1 ammonium acetate solution (83∶17) and the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The detection wavelength was 210 nm, the column temperature was 20 ℃, and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results:Oleanolic acid in radix of Aralia chinensis L. had a good separation from the other components, a good linearity was obtained within the range of 72. 52-725. 2 μg·ml-1 ( r=1. 000 0), and the average recovery was 98. 05%(RSD=1. 89%, n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate, reproducible and applicable in the assay of oleanolic acid in radix of Aralia chinensis L. .

Objective To investigate the distribution pattern of the ADAS-Cog scores among the elderly in Beijing and to evaluate the application of ADAS-Cog in distinguishing patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy elderly. Methods In total, 1616 healthy elderly (NC), 125 elderly patients with non-AD disorders (ND), and 310 patients with probable AD including 201 patients with mild AD and 109 patients with moderate AD (by NINCDS-ADRDA criteria) were recruited in the study and their cognitive performance was measured by the ADAS-Cog.Results In NC group, those older than 80 years and those with less than 5 years schooling scored highest. There was statistically significant correlation between the total scores of the ADAS-Cog and age and duration of schooling in NC group (F=14.34, 113.27,both P<0.01). No correlation was suggested in the mild AD group. The total score of ADAS-Cog was significantly associated with duration of schooling in both moderate AD and ND groups (F=4.18, 8.72, both P<0.05). The total score of ADAS-Cog differentiated the patients with mild AD from NC healthy elderly with AUC ranging from 0.69 to 0.82 in each subgroup by age, and from 0.75 to 0.88 in subgroups by durations of schooling with the highest AUC of 0.88 in the subgroup having more than 15 years of schooling education. Conclusions The ADAS-Cog score in the healthy elderly is significantly associated with age and duration of schooling education. The ADAS-Cog can be applied in the cognitive assessment of Chinese AD patients. The total score of ADAS-Cog could efficiently differentiate patients with mild AD from healthy elderly, especially in subjects with higher education level.