Objective To investigate the change of blood pressure and heart rate in patients of essential hypertension combined with cervical spondylosis in head-up tilt and its potential mechanism. Methods The hypertensive patients were divided into cervical spondylosis group(23 cases) and without cervical spondylosis group (26 cases) by clinical symptom and X-ray machine,CT.MRI and color ultrasonography,then their blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid were measured,and the changes of blood pressure and heart rate were obtained in head-up tilt. Results There was significant difference of blood pressure change between the hypertensive with and without cervical spondylosis(4(-21 ～ 14 mm Hg v. s. -9(-27～-3)mm Hg,P<0. 01),and there was also difference of heart rate change between the hypertensive with and without cervical spondylosis(2(-1 ～14) bpm v. s. 5(-2 ～11) bpm, P < 0. 01). Conclusions There is no decline in blood pressure in the hypertensive with cervical spondylosis in head-up tilt and this might be due to the exciting of sympathetic nerve.

As a new rising edge discipline,neuro-ophthalmology is a subject of extensive radia-tion,with low awareness and poor efficiency. Specialists of General Hospital of PLA summarized a practi-cable series of teaching ideas and methods including teaching thoughts,strategies and methods. Combi-nation of traditional theory and practice with the use of modern means and platforms were introduced and satisfactory results were achieved.

Objective To investigate the effect of intermittent use of low molecular heparin (LMWH) on microembofic signal (MES) in patients with ischemic stroke on the basis of anti-platelet aggregation and statin therapy.Methods Ninety MES-positive patients with acute ischemic stroke detected by transcranial Doppler were randomly divided into a non-LMWH group (n =44) and a LMWH group (n =46).The non-LMWH group was treated conventionally with enteric-coated aspirin and atorvastatin.On the basis of conventional therapy,the LMWH group was treated with LMWH,subcutaneous injection of LMWH calcium 4 100 AXaIU every 3 months,twice a day,and one week as a course of treatment (a total of 3 courses).The number of MES,MES-positive rate and incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular events at 3 and 6 month were compared in both groups.Results There was no significant difference in the MES-positive rates at 3 month after treatment between the non-LMWH group and the LMWH group (70.45％ vs.61.36％ ;x2 =1.357,P =0.244),but the number of MES in the non-LMWH group was higher than that in the LMWH group (12.07 ± 10.16 vs.8.09± 8.13; t =1.470,P =0.043); the MES-positive rate at 6 month after treatment in the non-LMWH group was significantly higher than that in the LMWH group (36.96％ vs.19.57％;x2=3.982,P=0.046),and the number of MES in the non-LMWH group was also significantly higher than that in the LMWH group (10.32 ±9.93 vs. 1.46 ± 3.27; t =5.450,P =0.000).There was no significant difference in incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular events at 3 month (2.17％vs. 9.09％,P =0.198 ),but the incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular events at 6 month in the LMWH group was significantly lower than that in the non-LMWH group (4.35％ vs.20.45％,P =0.025).Conclusions On the basis of anti-platelet aggregation and statin therapy,the intermittent use of LMWH may decrease the MES-positive rate and the incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular events in the MES-positive patients with ischemic stroke at 6 month.

Objective To investigate the relationship between mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) and cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods Totally 80 patients (aged ＞ 60 years) with type 2 diabetic were selected.According to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score,the patients were divided into two groups:cognitive impairment group (31cases) and non-cognitive impairment group (49 cases).Then all subjects were observed by continuous glucose monitoring for 3 days including the mean blood glucose (MBG) and its standard deviation (SD),MAGE and numbers of glycemic excursion (NGE).Results Compared with noncognitive impairment group,diabetic course,fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial glycemia,glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body mass index (BMI) were significantly different with the cognitive impairment group (P＜0.05).Furthermore,MAGE,MBG and SD were obviously higher than those in the non-cognitive impairment group [(5.89 ± 2.17) mmol/L vs.(3.15 ± 0.60) mmol/L,t＝8.37,P＝0.00; (11.85±3.45) mmol/L vs.(8.23±1.73)mmol/L,t＝6.23,P＝0.00; (3.16±1.29)mmol/L vs.(1.26±0.42)mmol/L,t＝9.57,P＝0.00].MoCA scores of patients with type 2 diabetes were negatively correlated with MAGE (r ＝-0.891,P ＜ 0.01).After multiple linear regression analysis,diabetic course,2 h postprandial glycemia,MAGE and SD remained independently associated with cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic patients (R2 ＝0.835,P＜0.05)Conclusions MAGE during a daily period is associated with cognitive impairment independent of fasting blood glucose,postprandial glycemia and HbA1c.

Objective To investigate the effect of antisense telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) induced proliferation and cell cycle of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Methods PASMCs were cultured and divided into four groups: control group (cultured in RPMI-1640 culture medium), 5-HT group (cultured in culture medium containing 5-HT), antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) group (cultured in culture medium containing 5-HT and ASODN TERT), and sense oligonucleotide (SODN) group (cultured in culture medium containing 5-HT and SODN TERT). The apoptosis of PASMC was observed by fluorescence microscopy with Hoechst staining. Apoptosis and cell cycle was analyzed with flow cytometry. Expression of proliferated cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was determined by immunohistochemistry staining. Results Hoechst staining showed that apoptosis in 5-HT group (161?33) was significantly higher than that in control group (63?16, P

Objective To investigate the positive rate of microembolic signal (MES) and the related factors,as well as the correlation between MES and outcomes in patients with cardiogenic cerebral embolism.Methods Patients with cardiogenic cerebral embolism were enrolled.The baseline data of the patients were collected and the MES monitor was conducted.The baseline data of the MES positive group and MES negative group were compared.Multivariatelogistic regression analysis was used to identify the related factors of the positive MES.The patients were followed up regularly.The outcomes of stroke at 6 months and recurrent stroke within 2 years in the MES positive group and MES negative group were compared.Results A total of 165 patients with cardiogenic cerebral embolism were enrolled,including positive MES in 68 patients (41.2％).There were significant difference in the levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP),cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I),and D-dimer between the MES positive group and negative group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the increased levels of baseline BNP (odds ratio [OR] 1.001,95％ confidence interval CI 1.001-1.002;P＜0.001),cTn-I (OR 36.975,95％ CI 1.516-902.0;P=0.027),and D-dimer (OR 1.001,95％ CI 1.000-1.001;P=0.017) were independently associated with the positive MES in cerebral embolism within 48 h after onset.There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients in good outcome (modified Rankin scale score 0-2) and poor outcome (modified Rankin scale score ＞2) after 6 months between the MES positive group and MES negative group.When the average follow-up time was 20.8 months (range,7-24 months),there were 23 patients (33.8％) and 19 (19.6％) had recurrence in the MES positive group and MES negative group,respectively.Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the recurrence rate of stroke in the MES positive group was significantly higher than that in the MES negative group (log-rank test:P=0.031).COX regression analysis showed that the positive MES was still an independent risk factor for stroke recurrence after adjusting for other confounding factors (OR 0.328,95％ CI 0.142-0.761;P=0.009).Conclusions The positive MES was associated with the increased BNP,cTn-I,and D-dimer levds.The positive MES was not associated with clinical outcomes at 6 month after the onset,but it was associated with the recurrence of stroke within 2 years.

Objective To research the pathogeny and the electromyographic characteristics of myokymia.Methods The clinical features and electromyography of 42 elderly patients with myokymia were examined. Results Symptomatic myokymia (SM) in 27 cases was caused by low salt syndrome, thyrotoxemia, urinaemia, chronic wasting diseases (such as carcinoma of the stomach or liver), brachial plexus neuropathy, lead poisoning, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuritis, succinylcholine narcosis, restless leg syndrome or Isaac's syndrome.Symptomatic facial myokymia was caused by neoplasm of the brain stem or in posterior cranial fossa, multiple sclerosis or other causes. Primary myokymia ( PM ) in 15 cases involved idiopathic generalized and benign myokymia.Compared with PM, SM was more constant and powerful. Myokymia potential appeared in the electromyograms of 42 of the patients. The majority of patients with SM had accompanying myotonic discharge. Conclusion The pathogeny and electromyographic characteristics of symptomatic myokymia are different from the primary stage.

Objective To study the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on perihematomal edema in acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods Sixty-three consecutive hospitalized patients with supraten-torial intracerebral hemorrhage were allocated to an HBO group (n = 30) or a control group (n = 33) at random. Routine therapies were used with both groups. The treatment group received in addition twenty consecutive daily ses-sions of HBO therapy beginning 3～5 d after onset. MRI brain scans were performed on the 5～7th and 25th day. Absolute edema volumes and relative edema volumes were measured from T2-weighted images. Apparent diffusion co-efficients (ADCs) of the edematous regions were calculated on diffusion-weighted images (DWI). Results There were no statistical differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, blood pressure, NIHSS, hematoma posi-tion or volume. At the 5th～7th d, both absolute and relative edema volumes in the HBO group were smaller than in the controls (P≤0.05). Brain edema was still prominent at the 25th d. Absolute edema volumes, relative edema volumes and ADC values were all smaller in the HBO group at the 25th day compared with the controls (P≤0.05). Conclusion HBO therapy soon after intracerebral hemorrhage can lessen the severity and range of brain edema. E-dema persists after the onset of the disease, and HBO can reduce such delayed brain edema. HBO may benefit func-tional recovery from intracerebral hemorrhage by reducing perihematomal edema.

0.05). Expression of MDR1 had a positive ~correlation with mutant p53 accumulation and HER2 expression(P0.05 ).In univariate analyses,TNM staging, axillary lymph node metastasis, mutant p53 accumulation, and HER2 over-expression were negatively correlated with DFS and OS, and MDR1 over-expression significantly reduced OS but not DFS. In multivariate analysis, axillary lymph node metastasis, over-expression of MDR1 and HER2 were independent risk factors for prognosis. Conclusions ~Induction of multidrug resistance and poor response to chemotherapy and endocrinotherapy may be the chief reasons for poor prognosis of breast cancer with mutant p53 accumulation, and HER2 and MDR1 over-expression. ~Determination of the above genes′expression in breast cancer tissue can be of use in deciding the degree of ~malignancy , metastasis phenotype and prognosis of brest cancer. Increasing anthracycline dose may increase the ~overall response rate to chemotherapy and improve prognosis in patients with mutant p53 accumulation, HER2 and MDR1 over-expression, especially HER2 over-expression.

Objective To study the effects of hyperbaric oxygen （HBO） therapy in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage on serum adhesion molecules. Methods 66 cases with acute intracerebral hemorrhage were divided into routine treatment group (n=33) and HBO treatment group (n=33). 30 health persons were selected as normal trontrol. The level of adhesion molecules, including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin, were measured before and after treatment. Results The levels of adhesion molecules in routine and HBO treatment groups were higher than those in normal control group when hospitalized (P<0.01). All the adhesion molecules levels in two treatment group were decreased after the treatment, and more significantly in HBO group (P<0.05). Conclusion HBO therapy may ameliorate the adhesion molecule abnormalities after intracerebral hemorrhage.