Background: Colorectal polyp is a common lower gastrointestinal disease. Study of its risk factors is of great significance for prevention and treatment of colorectal polyps in clinical practice. Aims: To construct and verify a prediction model for risk of colorectal polyps. Methods: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 254 subjects who were hospitalized for health examination in the Special Internal Medicine Ward of Shanghai Huadong Hospital from January 2019 to June 2021 were enrolled in the study. They were allocated into colorectal polyps group and non⁃polyp group based on the results of colonoscopy. The relevant risk factors of colorectal polyp were collected, including gender, age, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, polyps/stones of gallbladder, fatty liver, etc. After screened by LASSO regression model, the selected factors were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression to build the prediction model and nomogram. Furthermore, the prediction model was evaluated by ROC curve, C index, calibration curve and decision curve, and validated by internal samples. Results: Of the 254 subjects enrolled in the study, 116 cases were in colorectal polyps group and 138 in non⁃polyp group. The risk prediction model identified that gender (OR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.06⁃4.27), age (OR=2.76, 95% CI: 1.17⁃6.73), hypertension (OR=3.23, 95% CI: 1.52⁃7.12), diabetes (OR=4.37, 95% CI: 1.52⁃14.64), hyperlipidemia (OR=3.20, 95% CI: 1.74⁃5.95) and fatty liver (OR= 2.21, 95% CI: 1.13⁃4.35) were independent risk factors for colorectal polyps. The model showed good area under the ROC curve (0.807) and C index (0.807). The decision curve demonstrated that if the threshold probability of colorectal polyps was more than 12%, the model would be of clinical significance. Internal samples were randomly selected for validation, and the C index was 0.793. Conclusions: The prediction model and nomogram constructed by combination of risk factors including gender, age, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and fatty liver have a substantial reference value for risk prediction of colorectal polyps.

Objective To analyze the correlation between liver pathology and clinical characteristics in a large series of patients with chronic HBV infections , so as to provide the data base for non-invasive medical diagnosis .Methods Liver pathology and clinical characteristics of 1 397 patients with chronic HBV infections were retrospectively analyzed . Ridit analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were performed to investigate the correlations of clinical characteristics with liver pathology of patients .Results In 1 397 patients, there were 604 patients (43.24%) with liver inflammation grading ≥G2 and 504 patients (36.08%) with fibrosis stage ≥S2.Inflammation grade and fibrosis stage of liver tissues were both higher in male patients than those in females (u=3.093 and 2.854, P<0.01).Inflammation grade and fibrosis stage of liver tissues in patients aged ≤30 years were lower than those in patients aged >30-40 years and >40 years (r=0.259 and 0.303, P<0.01;F=4.199 and 12.226,11.610 and 24.359, P<0.05 and <0.01).Patients with HBeAg( -) and HBV DNA≥103 copies/mL were of higher degrees in liver tissue inflammation compared with those with HBeAg ( +) and those with HBeAg ( -) but HBV DNA <103 copies/mL (F=8.788 and 5.635, all P<0.01);while the fibrosis stage in patients with HBeAg (-) and HBV DNA≥103 copies/mL was only higher than that in HBeAg ( +) patients (F=12.886, P<0.01). Liver tissue inflammation and liver fibrosis aggravated with the increase of ALT ( r=0.537 and 0.517, P<0.01).There was no significant difference in liver tissue inflammation among different age groups of patients with ALT (1-<2) ×ULN and HBV DNA≥103 copies/mL (χ2 =4.365, P >0.05),but there was significant difference in liver fibrosis in patients between aged >40 years and ≤30 years ( F=3.177,P<0.05).Conclusions Liver biopsy and antiviral therapy should be considered in chronic HBV infected patients with age of >30 years, lightly elevated ALT levels , HBeAg(-) and detectable HBV DNA levels , especially in male patients .Screening for liver fibrosis should be considered in patients with HBeAg ( -) and low HBV DNA levels .

This article summarized circumstances and influential factors of post-transfusion HIV/AIDS in recent years. Laws and regulations were emphasized in respective duties of every blood transfusion related departments. The strictly controlled imported blood products, carefully blood screening on donor, standardized blood products, tightened control on indication of use of blood, and finally, carefully told rare-happened HIV/AIDS to recipients were the key measures to avoid forensic cases of post-transfusion HIV/AIDS. Main evidences in Medical legal identification of post-transfusion HIV/AIDS were also proposed.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/etiology* ; Blood Donors ; Expert Testimony/legislation & jurisprudence* ; Forensic Medicine ; HIV Infections/transmission* ; Humans ; Transfusion Reaction

Objective: To compare the efficacy of endoscopic treatment with surgical treatment for early gastric cancer accorded with expanded indications of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Methods: A total of 165 patients (167 lesions) with early gastric cancer underwent ESD (ESD group, 77 cases) or surgery (surgery group, 88 cases) from January 2011 to December 2016. The lesions fulfilled expanded indications of ESD, and were pathologically identified as differentiated or undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. Chi-square test, continuity-adjusted Chi square test, and Fisher exact test were used to analyze the incidence of lesion residual, local recurrence, metachronous recurrence, short-term complications and long-term complications. The 3-year overall survival rate and 3-year disease-free survival rate of the two groups were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: There were no differences on the incidence of lesion residual (P=0.473), local recurrence (P=1.000) and metachronous recurrence (P=1.000) between the ESD group and the surgery group. The 3-year overall survival rate (100.0% VS 98.3%, P=0.343) and the 3-year disease-free survival rate (98.1% VS 96.7%, P=0.655) were not significantly different between the two groups. There was no significant difference on the incidence of short-term complications between the two groups [7.8% (6/77) VS 5.7% (5/88), χ²=0.294, P=0.588]. The incidence of long-term complications in the ESD group was lower than that in the surgery group [0 (0/77) VS 8.0% (7/88), continuity-adjusted χ²=4.588, P=0.032]. Conclusion For patients with early gastric cancer fulfilled expanded indications of ESD, ESD has a lower incidence of long-term complications with similar efficacy compared to surgery.

OBJECTIVETo explore the potential of iodized linoleic acid (ILA) and its 5-fluoro-deoxyuridine ester (IFU) to inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in vitro and tumors in vivo.

METHODSILA and its constituent component IFU were chemically synthesized, purified, and confirmed by 1H-NMR. The HCC cell lines, QGY-7703 (5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment sensitive) and SMMC-7721 (5-FU resistant), were treated with ILA, IFU, 5-FU, or traditional lipiodol for 72 hours. Survival rates of the treated cells were assessed by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium method, and used to calculate the IC50 and IC90. In addition, thirty nude mice were subcutaneously inoculated with SMMC-7721 cells and randomly divided two weeks later into four treatment groups (n = 6 each) for intra-tumoral injection of ILA, IFU, 5-FU, lipiodol or DMSO (controls). The rate of tumor inhibition (RTI) was calculated for each group at week 4 after treatment.

RESULTSFor the cultured SMMC-7721 cells, the inhibitory concentrations for ILA, IFU, and 5-FU were: IC50: 134.38 mumol/L, 17.55 mumol/L, and 7.38 mumol/L; IC90: 192.88 mumol/L, 97.63 mumol/L, and more than 200 mumol/L. For the cultured QGY-7703 cells, the inhibitory concentrations for ILA, IFU, and 5-FU were: IC50: 109.55 mumol/L, 44.79 mumol/L, and 98.06 mumol/L; IC90: all, more than 200 mumol/L. In both cell types, the IC50 of lipiodol was more than 400 mumol/L. Compared with the RTI of the control mice (100%), the RTI of ILA-treated mice was 31.9% (t = 2.37, P less than 0.05), of IFU-treated mice was 56.9% (t = 4.91, P less than 0.01), and of 5-FU-treated mice was 31.0% (t = 2.59, P less than 0.05). The RTI of IFU was significantly stronger than that of either ILA or 5-FU (P less than 0.05). The lipiodol treatment showed no inhibition effect on tumors (P more than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONILA and IFU can effectively inhibit the growth of HCC cells in vitro and tumors in vivo. Furthermore, IFU outperforms ILA in inhibiting HCC growth.

Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Linoleic Acid ; pharmacology ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective We investigated the changes of the motorial network in patients suffered from brain tumors adjacent to the central sulcus occurred with reorganization of motor function using function connectivity MRI(fcMRI)technique in order to provide the new evidence for the compensational hypothesis of the reorganization caused by focal lesions.Methods Using 1.5 T MRI unit,14 patients with brain tumors in the vicinity of the central sulcus occurred with reorganization of motor function and 6 normal volunteers were examined with fcMRI technique while the subjects performed no task.By selecting seed voxels(region of interest)in the regions showing the most activation in M1 area on the activated map and cross correlating with every voxel within the brain,the fcMRI maps based on unilateral primary motor(M1)area were calculated.The location,extent and volume of the region showing significant connectivity to the several seed voxel,such as left/right M1 area in the health group and affected/unaffected M1 area in the patient group were evaluated on the fcMRI map.Results In healthy group,the extent and volume of the region showing significant connectivity to the left M1 area[(9514.17±186.92)mm3]were almost similar to those to the right M1 area [(9364.67±382.75)mm3].There showed no significant difference in motor connectivity between the two groups(P>0.05).In the tumor group,the volume of regions showing significant connectivity to the M1 area located in the affected hemisphere [(11193.14±811.29)mm3]was obviously higher than that of regions based on the seed voxel in the unaffected side[(6549.86±400.94)mm3](t=20.383,P＜0.01).The volume was significantly different among the regions showing high connectivity to the M1 of the affected side in patient group.those showing significant connectivity to the left M1 and fight M1 in health group(P＜0.01),the former was the biggest(P＜0.01).The extent of the regions showing connectivity to the affected M1 was consistent with the reorganization area of motor function revealed by fMRI.The volume of regions showing significant connectivity to M1 area of unaffected hemisphere in patient group showed significant difference compared with those showing significant connectivity to the left M1 and right M1 in health group(P＜0.01),the former was smallest(LSD,P＜0.01).especially in the affected hemisphere.It might mean the disrupted functional connectivity between the M1 area of unaffected hemisphere in patient group and motor area located in the collateral side.Conclusion The increased connectivity between the M1 area of the affected hemisphere and the other motor cortex might indicate that the reorganization in the motor pathway and the formation of the potential compensatory network second to the impairment of the normal motor pathway resulted in the functional reorganization of the motor cortex.The fcMRI technique might be a valuable approach to reveal the pathophysiological changes of nerve network caused by brain tumor.

When 85 cervical type spondylosis patients randomly lay on one's back and on one's right side the 8 different tresles and pillows. We survey indexes of the cervical spine anatomy, for example cervical arcs and angles of cervical spine and level line. We appraise relation of balance between different trestle or pillow and cervical spine. liquid needle-free injection, jet power, stagnation pressure
Adult ; Aged ; Braces ; Cervical Vertebrae ; physiopathology ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spondylosis ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish a rapid and simple method to detect Y chromosome microdeletions directly using whole blood as starting material for multiplex-PCR.

METHODSUsing a self-prepared pHpH-Bufferq, multiplex-PCR amplification was directly carried out from the anticoagulant whole blood sample without DNA extraction step. Twelve sequence tagged sites (STS), namely SY84, SY86, SY127, SY134, SY124, SY132, SY152, SY157, SY239, SY242, SY254 and SY255, in AZFa, AZFb, and AZFc gene regions were detected in 5 different tubes. In order to ensure the validity of the experiments, sex-determining region Y (SRY) and X-linked or Y-linked zinc finger gene (ZFX/Y) were used as internal controls. Furthermore, conventional PCR using genomic DNA extracted from each blood sample was performed in parallel for evaluating the accuracy of the experiments.

RESULTSA total of 156 male samples were detected, and a normal male sample and a female sample were used as a positive and a negative control respectively. The results showed that 144 samples had no deletion; one sample was AZF-deleted; one sample was AZFb-deleted; seven samples were AZFc-deleted; one sample was both AZFb- and AZFc- deleted; and two samples were all AZFa-, AZFb- and AZFc- deleted. The observed results from two kinds of starting material (whole blood and purified DNA) are completely consistent.

CONCLUSIONIn our method, PCR amplification was directly carried out from whole blood without any DNA extraction step. So it has the advantages of low cost, simple process, time-saving operation and less cross-contamination. The whole process can be completed within 2 hours. Thus the efficiency of clinical detection is improved greatly.

Azoospermia ; genetics ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Oligospermia ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sex Chromosome Aberrations

Huntington's disease (HD) is a deadly neurodegenerative disease with abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene. Mutant Huntingtin protein (mHTT) forms abnormal aggregates and intranuclear inclusions in specific neurons, resulting in cell death. Here, we tested the ability of a natural heat-shock protein 90 inhibitor, Gedunin, to degrade transfected mHTT in Neuro-2a cells and endogenous mHTT aggregates and intranuclear inclusions in both fibroblasts from HD patients and neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells from patients. Our data showed that Gedunin treatment degraded transfected mHTT in Neuro-2a cells, endogenous mHTT aggregates and intranuclear inclusions in fibroblasts from HD patients, and in neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells from patients in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and its activity depended on the proteasomal pathway rather than the autophagy route. These findings also showed that although Gedunin degraded abnormal mHTT aggregates and intranuclear inclusions in cells from HD patient, it did not affect normal cells, thus providing a new perspective for using Gedunin to treat HD.

Analgesia ; methods ; Betacoronavirus ; Conscious Sedation ; methods ; Consensus ; Coronavirus Infections ; complications ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; complications