Objective The preservation of all subvalvular apparatus for chronic mitral regurgitation has been reported in many studies. In this paper we analyzed the effects of complete chordal preservation for mitral stenosis versus mitral regurgitation on postoperative recovery.Methods Thirty-nine patients undergoing mitral valve replacement(MVR) with preservation of all subvalvular apparatus were divided into two groups, mitral stenosis (MS) group(n=23) and mitral incompetence (MI) group(n=16), according to the preoperative diagnosis. Echocardiography was performed preoperatively and at the time of discharge to determined left ventricular end diastole dimension (LVEDD),ejection fraction(EF) and the hemodynamics of the prosthesis.Results The LVEDD and EF did not change in MS group, declined in MI group postoperatively. No hemodynamic disorder of the prosthesis was detected in either group.Conclusions The valve replacement with preservation of all subvalvular apparatus could be used in both the mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation.The early-term effects of two groups are similar,and the long-term effects are still to be observed.

Livin is a novel member of IAPs (inhibitors of apoptosis protein) family, which is expressed highly in a variety of tumors but not in majority of normal tissues. This protein contains a BIR domain and a RING finger domain just like other members of IAPs. It will be of great sigificance to investigate the relationship between Livin and tumors, and it might be a potential target for anti-cancer drugs.

Objective To analyze the feasibility and superiority of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCAB) in patients with left main coronary lesions.Methods A retrospective study was carried out to review our experience on 392 cases with left main coronary lesions,who underwent CABG in our hospital.Among the cases,279 patients(71.2%) underwent OPCAB and 113 cases received CCABG.The early postoperative mortality and complications of the two groups were compared.Results The number of bypass grafts was(4.17?0.86) in Group OPCAB and(4.24?0.94) in Group CCABG,showing no significant difference between them(t=-0.710,P=0.478).No significant difference was detected in peri-and post-operative morbidity between the two groups [atrial fibrillation: 31(11.1%) vs 8(7.1%),?2=1.459,P=0.227;perioperative myocardial infarction: 7(2.5%) vs 3(2.7%),?2=0.000,P=1.000;renal inefficiency: 9(3.2%) vs 4(3.5%),?2=0.000,P=1.000;pulmonary complications: 15(5.4%) vs 6(5.3%),?2=0.000,P=1.000].The early postoperative mortality of Group OPCAB was significantly lower than that in Group CCABG[2(0.7%) vs 5(4.4%),?2=4.368,P=0.037].The time of intubation[20(8-48) h vs 51(14-130) h,Z=-2.823,P= 0.005],ICU-stay [51(38-141) h vs 92(42-352) h,Z=-2.618,P=0.009],volume of transfusion [500(200-1200) ml vs 800(400-2100) ml,Z=-2.411,P= 0.016],re-open [5(1.8%) vs 10(8.8%),?2=9.052,P=0.003] and complication of CNS [3(1.1%) vs 9(8.0%),?2=10.647,P=0.001] of Group OPCAB were significantly less than that of Group CCABG.Conclusions It is feasible,safe and effective to perform OPCAB in patients with left main coronary lesions.

55 mm or course of AF over 2 years [54.5%(24/44) and 68.7%(46/67),?2=29.265,P=0.000 and ?2=13.814,P=0.000].Conclusion RFA Maze Ⅲ procedure during open-heart surgery is safe and effective for patients with AF.

AIM: Antisense oligonucleotides against livin were designed with computer software. METHODS: Antisense oligonucleotides were designed according to the secondary structure of livin mRNA which was simulated with RNAdraw and Sfold. And then these oligonucleotides were transfected into Hela cells for inducing apoptosis. RESULTS: Five antisense oligonucleotides were designed using RNAdraw and Sfold, and effectively induced Hela cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The approach is effective and feasible to design antisense oligonucleotides by means of calculation with two kinds of software.

α-MSH is an endogenous neuropetide that is effective of all categories of expreimental inflammation. The mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory influence of α-MSH are reviewed in the article. α-MSH suppresses inflammation in the CNS and periphery by downregulating the activation of NF-κB, then inhibiting production of proinflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, chemokines and adhension molecules, and increasing synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines. α-MSH is useful in the treatment of many pathological situations in humans.

?-MSH is an endogenous neuropetide that is effective of all categories of expreimental inflammation. The mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory influence of ?-MSH are reviewed in the article. ?-MSH suppresses inflammation in the CNS and periphery by downregulating the activation of NF-?B, then inhibiting production of proinflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, chemokines and adhension molecules, and increasing synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines. ?-MSH is useful in the treatment of many pathological situations in humans.

Objective To detect the expression of TNF α and ICAM 1 in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. To explore their probable modulation mechanism.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of TNF α and ICAM 1.The MPO activity was determined by spectrophotometry.Result The expression of TNF α and ICAM 1 were obviously rised after cerebral ischemia reperfusion (P< 0.05).Conclusion The up regulation of TNF α and ICAM 1 after cerebral ischemia reperfusion induced the accumulation of leukocytes, which involved in ischemia reperfusion injury mechanism. TNF α play an important role in expression of ICAM 1.

Objective　To study the relationship between atherosclerotic plaques in carotid artery and ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Methods　The extracranial carotid arteries (ECA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) of 54 patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or cerebral infarction (CI) were examined with doppler ultrasound. The distribution of atherosclerotic plaque, degree of stenosis and ultrasounic classification of ECA and the mean velocity of blood flow in MCA were examined. Results　①Stenosis over middle-grade on asymptomatic side in extracranial internal carotid artery (EICA) in group of patients with TIA was significantly higher than symptomatic side(P<0.01). Stenosis over high-grade on asymptomatic side in ELCA in group of patients with CI was significantly higher than symptomatic side (P<0.01). ②Flat and soft plaque are most common in group of patients with TIA or CI, then are hard and ulcerative plaques. Incidence of soft plaques on asymptomatic side in group of patients with TIA or CI are significantly higher than symptomatic side (P<0.01); ③Among the group of patients with CI, mean velocity of MCA decreased on asymptomatic side in 31 cases (68.9%), and significantly higher than symptomatic side (P<0.01). Conclusion　Atheroclerotic plaques in carotid artery and intracranial hemodynamic characteristics are the important risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. These findings have important values in predicting subsequent TIA or CI in asymptomatic subjects.

AIM: To assess the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) combined with type I collagen on pulp capping in cats. METHODS: Freshly exposed pulps of thirty cats were capped with four different pulp capping agents: rhBMP-2/collagen I, calcium hydroxide, type I collagen and bovine serum albumin as control. The reparative dentinogenesis and osteocalcin content were assessed after 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks by means of histology and radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: the pulpal tissues of the teeth capped with rhBMP-2/collagen showed mild inflammation and odontoblast differentiation with tublar dentin bridge on the exposed site. The level of bone ?-carboxyglutamic containing protein(BGP) in the group of rhBMP-2 with collagen I was significantly higher than that of the other three groups (P