Objective To investigate the effects of inhalation of different concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) on brain death (BD)-induced lung injury in rats. Methods Thirty-two pathogen free adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n= 8 each): group Ⅰ sham operation (group S);group Ⅱ brain death (group BD) and group Ⅲ and Ⅳ BD + CO 0.025% and 0.050% (group C1, C2 ). The animals were anesthetized and tracheally intubated. Fogarty catheter was inserted into the skull. BD was induced by inflating the balloon slowly at 20 μl/min until apnea developed. The animals were then mechanically ventilated (VT 10 ml/kg, RR 50 bpm, PEEP 2 cm H2O) with 40% O2 in N2 . In group Ⅲ and Ⅳ CO 0.025% and 0.050%were added to the air mixture respectively. In group S the balloon was not inflated. BD was confirmed by apnea,dilated pupils and flat EEG. In group BD,C1 and C2, MAP was maintained at 80-120 mm Hg by norepinephrine infusion. The arterial blood gas analysis was performed before (baseline) and immediately after BD was confirmed (T1) and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min (T2-5) of CO inhalation. The animals were then sacrificed. The plasma concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α and the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the lungs were measured. The W/D lung weight ratio and lung injury score (LIS) were recorded. Results BD significantly decreased PaO2/FiO2, BE and pH while increased plasma IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations, MPO activity in the lungs, the W/D ratio and lung injury score as compared with group S. CO inhalation ameliorated the deleterious effects induced by BD. The antiinfiammatory effect of 0.050% CO was better than that of 0.025 % CO. Conclusion Inhalation of 0.025 % or 0.050% CO can ameliorate BD-induced lung injury in rats, but there is no significant difference in the efficacy.

Objective To explore the effect of 5M1E quality analysis tool-based hand hygiene(HH) comprehensive intervention measures on pediatric healthcare-associated infection(HAI).Methods HH status of 29 health care workers(HCWs) in the pediatric department of a hospital was monitored, April-June 2015 was baseline survey stage, 5M1E quality analysis tool was adopted to analyze various factors affecting the compliance rate of pediatric HH, intervention measures began to be taken in June 2015, and compared with HH in July 2015-March 2016.The occurrence of HAI between July 2014-March 2015 and July 2015-March 2016 was compared.Results HH compliance rate of HCWs increased from 30.86% in April-June 2015 to 81.94% in January-March 2016;HH correct rate increased from 68.14% to 93.75%;HH compliance rate and correct rate of HCWs gradually increased(X2=2 608.626, 630.798,respectively, both P<0.001).Qualified rate of detection of HCWs' HH sampling increased from 20.69% in April-June 2015 to 89.66% in January-March 2016(X2=31.957,P<0.001).Incidence of HAI decreased from 7.74% in July 2014-March 2015 to 3.62% in July 2015-March 2016(X2=46.717,P<0.001).Conclusion Application of 5M1E quality analysis tool in the investigation, analysis, and comprehensive intervention in HCWs' HH in pediatric department has greatly enhanced HCWs' HH compliance rate, and reduced the incidence of HAI in pediatric patients.

Objective:To explore the social and physical anhedonia and its relationship to intrinsic motivation in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:One hundred and twenty-five stable schizophrenic patients from three psychiatric hospitals in Hefei, Wuhu and Beihai, and 101 healthy controls from same communities were recruited.All subjects completed Chinese version of revised social anhedonia scale(RSAS-C), Chinese version of revised physical anhedonia scale(RPAS-C) and intrinsic motivation inventory for schizophrenia research(IMI-SR), while positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS) and Calgary depression scale for schizophrenia(CDSS) were used to assess the clinical symptoms of schizophrenic patients.All analyses were conducted by SPSS 26.0 software.The Mann-Whitney U test and covariance analysis were used for comparison between the groups, and Spearman correlation and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to explore the association between the anhedonia and intrinsic motivation in schizophrenics. Results:Compared with controls, the RSAS-C (10.00(6.00, 14.00) vs 11.00(8.00, 15.00), Z=-2.187, P<0.05) and RPAS-C (12.00(7.50, 20.00) vs 16.00(10.00, 23.00), Z=-3.026, P<0.01) scores in patients were higher, but the differerce between the groups disappeared after controlling age, sex and years of education.The IMI-SR perceived choice subscore (31.00(28.00, 39.00 vs 36.00(31.00, 42.00), Z=-3.172, P<0.01) were lower, while value/usefulness subscores (41.00(35.00, 45.00) vs 36.00(32.00, 42.00), Z=-3.387, P<0.01) were higher in patients than those in controls, and there was no significant difference between the total score and interest/enjoyment subscore(both P<0.05). In patents, Spearman correlation analysis showed that the RSAS-C and RPAS-C scores were significant negatively correlated with the IMI-SR total scores and interest/enjoyment subscore, perceived choice and value/usefulness( r=-0.193--0.364, all P<0.05), which still existed after controlling age, sex, years of education, course of disease, antipsychotic dose, and scores of PANSS and CDSS.Logistic regression analysis showed that the score of RSAS-C( B=-0.096, 95% CI=0.836-0.998, P=0.025) and perceived choice subscore( B=-0.110, 95% CI=0.823-0.974, P=0.010) had negative effects on the IMI-SR total score. Conclusion:There is a correlation between anhedonia and intrinsic motivation in patients with schizophrenia, the higher the social anhedonia, the lower the intrinsic motivation to participate in cognitive activities, suggesting that intervention for social anhedonia may have significance in improving the intrinsic motivation of patients with cognitive rehabilitation therapy.

Objective Evaluate the performance of the encephalon state index(ESI)in depth of anesthesia monitoring during clinical surgery,compared with the bispectral index(BIS).Methods ESI and BIS data were collected from 60 patients in a single-center clinical trial to compare their efficacy in measuring the depth of anesthesia.Results Consistency analysis revealed mean differences and standard deviations of-0.18±5.42 and-0.11±6.51 between ESI and BIS for awake and anesthetized states,respectively.Correlation analysis showed a correlation coefficient of 0.92 throughout the operative period.Prediction probability analysis indicated that both ESI and BIS had prediction probabilities of 0.97,effectively predicting anesthesia status.Conclusion ESI and BIS show good equivalence in monitoring depth of anesthesia during clinical surgery,which meet the requirements of clinical anesthesia.

OBJECTIVE: Reduce the number of false alarms and measurement time caused by movement interference by the sync waveform of the movement. METHODS: Vital signal monitoring system based on motion sensor was developed, which collected and processed the vital signals continuously, optimized the features and results of vital signals and transmitted the vital signal results and alarms to the interface. RESULTS: The system was tested in many departments, such as digestive department, cardiology department, internal medicine department, hepatobiliary surgery department and emergency department, and the total collection time was 1 940 h. The number of false electrocardiograph (ECG) alarms decreased by 82.8%, and the proportion of correct alarms increased by 28%. The average measurement time of non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) decreased by 16.1 s. The total number of false respiratory rate measurement decreased by 71.9%. CONCLUSIONS False alarms and measurement failures can be avoided by the vital signal monitoring system based on accelerometer to reduce the alarm fatigue in clinic.
Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Electrocardiography ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Blood Pressure ; Accelerometry ; Clinical Alarms