AIM:To observe the clinical effect of Yinxingdamo Injection (extract of Folium ginkgo, Dipyridamole) in the treatment of cerebral infarction. METHODS: 170 cases with acute cerebral infaction were grouped at random. The treatment group (120 cases) was given 20mL of Yinxingdamo Inection in 500mL of 5% Glucose Injection by IV infusion, once a day for 14 days. The control group (50 cases) was given 20mL Compound Danshen Injection in 500mL of 5% Glucose Injection by IV infusion, also once a day for 14 days. RESULTS: The total effective rate of the treatment group was 82.5%. It was higher than that of the control group (62%) ( P

345 cases of cerebral thrombosis were treated by Yunnan Dengzhanhua Injection. 50 others,as a control group, were treated by Dansheng Injection. As a result,of Yunnan Dengzhanhua group, 98 cases were significantly effective, 199 cases were effective, 48 cases were uneffective, and both effective rate and total effective rate were 86%. Of Dansheng Injection group, the relative data were 9,16,15,28.4% and 50%,respectively. The difference between the results of two groups is very significant. (P

We investigated the molecular characteristics of the full-length genome of 14 dengue serotype 1 virus (DENV-1)strains isolated in Sino-Myanmar border region in Yunnan Province,China during 2013-2015.Isolation of dengue virus was using C6/36 cell culture method.Viral RNA was extracted from virus isolates,and then the full-length genome was amplified by RT-PCR.The homology and phylogenetic analysis was made on the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences by bioinformatics software including ClastalX1.83 and MEGA6 etc.Results showed that fourteen strains of DENV-1 isolated from dengue fever cases,of these,9 strains from Ruili City of Dehong Prefecture,3 from Lincang Prefecture,2 from Kunming City.RT-PCR and sequencing indicated that the full-length genes (10 735 nt) of 14 DENV-1 strains were obtained,and their open reading frame (95-10 271) were coded 3 392 amino acid residues.The genotypes of DENV-1 were revealed by homology and phylogenetic analysis based on structural and non-structural proteins.Thirteen were genotype Ⅰ (G-Ⅰ) (7 from indigenous cases in Ruili and Lincang and 6 from imported case from Myanmar to Ruili,Lincang and Kunming),and 1 G-Ⅲ from imported case from India to Kunming.The phylogenic analysis indicated that the 13 isolates from Yunnan divided into 2 phylogenic subgroups,and they had a closer genetic relationship with the strains isolated from Southeast Asia.The gene sequences of the 13 G-Ⅰ strains have been acquired,the rate of their nucleotide homology and amino acid homology were 97.02 ％-100 ％ and 98.78 ％100 ％ respectively.Compared with 6 strains from Southeast Asia,nucleotide homology and amino acid homology were 96.53％-99.53％ and 97.33％-100％ respectively.Compared with prototype strain (US_Hawaii) of DENV-1,nucleotide homology and amino acid homology were 93.76％-94.45 ％ and 95.86 ％-96.91％ respectively.Compared with US_Hawaii strain,there were 44 and 150 different sites in amino acid of structural and non-structural proteins,respectively.The G-1 of DENV-1 have been popular in Sino-Myanmar border region in Yunnan,2013-2015.They have genetic diversity but multiple transmission sources were from Myanmar,and should strengthen control cross-border spread of dengue fever in this region.It is necessary to further study that change of the amino acid sites of Yunnan strains of DENV-1 is related to its antigenicity and pathogenicity.

Objective: To understand the serotypes, genotypes and transmission source of dengue viruses(DENV) isolated in Yunnan from 2013 to 2015. Methods: Viral RNA was extracted from serum samples of dengue fever(DF) cases at the acute stage in Yunnan, then the gene fragments of envelope protein(E) region were amplified by RT-PCR. The homology and phylogenetic analysis was made on the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences by bioinformatics softwares including Clustal X, DNAStar and MEGA5. Results: Viral nucleic acid detection and sequencing indicated that 40 E genes of DENV were obtained. The serotypes and genotypes of DENV were revealed by homology and phylogenetic analysis based on E genes of DENV. Fifteen virus strains belonged to DENV serotype 1(DENV-1), of these, 14(11 from Ruili, 1 from Lincang and 2 from Kunming) were genotype I(G-I), 1 from Kunming was G-V. Twenty-two virus strains belonged to DENV serotype 2(DENV-2), of these, 10 from Ruili were G-I and 12 from Xishuangbanna were G-IV. Two virus strains belonged to DENV serotype 3(DENV-3) and G-II. One virus strain belonged to DENV serotype 4(DENV-4) and G-I. All detected DENV genotypes were mainly predominant in Southeast Asia. All the 40 Yunnan DENV strains shared high homology with the DENV strains in Southeast Asia countries. Conclusions Four serotypes and multiple genotypes of DENV had been co-circulating in Yunnan from 2013 to 2015. The DENV transmitted from Southeast Asia countries was the main cause of DF in Yunnan. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and management on the imported cases of DF in Yunnan.