This article found that the actual situation about humanities education of medical postgraduates is not optimistic through investigation of the situation on humanities education of the postgraduates in Zunyi Medical College. Some prominent problems existed. This article also proposed some practical suggestions to solve the problems based on the analysis of this phenomenon, so as to improve the humanities education of medical postgraduates and cultivate postgraduates to be medical workers with full humanistic care.

Humans ; Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery ; methods ; trends

Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Gastroplasty ; methods ; Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures

Objective:To establish a method to determine the residual solvents in salvianolic acid B. Methods: The headspace GC was carried out on an HP-5 capillary column(30 m × 0. 32 mm,0. 6 μm). The inlet temperature was 180℃. The injection volume was 0. 1ml and the separation ratio was 1:10. The column temperature was programmed:the initial temperature was 40℃, malntalned for 6 min, ralsed to 180℃ with a rate of 15 ℃·min-1 , and malntalned for another 5 min. The detector was FID with the temperature of 250℃. The carrier gas was N2 with the flow rate of 1. 7 ml·min-1 . DMSO was used as the solvent for salvianolic acid B. Results:All solvents could be separated completely. The linear range of ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate was 12. 650-1. 012 × 103 μg·ml-1 (r=0.999 3),12.750-1.012 ×103 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 7) and 12.550-1.004 ×103 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 7), respectively. The average recovery of ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate was 96. 89% (RSD=3. 81%,n=9), 99. 56% (RSD=4. 05%,n=9) and 97. 21% (RSD=4. 95%,n=9), respectively. Conclusion:The method is simple, reproducible and accurate enough for the determi-nation of residual solvents in salvianolic acid B.

Objective To evaluate the academic level and the popularity of Chinese Journal of Hepatobiliary Surgery.Method According to the information of Chinese Medical Citation Index(CMCI),I statistically analyzed the amount and distribution of the originals in Chinese Journal of Hepatobiliary Surgery cited by the journal included by CMCI.Result The average of original articles cited by other researchers is 2.93,and there are more articles cited than other journal.The authors of these articles are from the 30 province,Beijing Shanghai and Guangdong Province are in the front of Hepatobiliary Surgery research.There are 355 citing journals,and self-citing rate is 11.89%.Conclusion With the unique style and character Chinese Journal of Hepatobiliary Surgery is the main medical core periodical and one of the most important information resourses in the field of Medical Hepatobiliary Surgery in China.

Objective To examine the relative effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) and ultrasound therapy (US) on managing heel pain. Methods Thirty seven patients were divided into 3 groups, two treatment groups (groups 1 and 2) and one control group (group 3).Group 1 received ESWT once a week for 3 consecutive weeks.Parameters were set at a frequency of 4Hz with a total of 1000 impulses, intensity at 0.23 to 0.37mJ/mm 2. Group 2 received continuous ultrasound therapy for 5 minutes in each session, three times a week for three consecutive weeks. Parameters were set at 1MHz, intensity level at 1W/mm 2. Group 3 was the control group and no treatment was given during the study period.The intensity of morning pain on weight bearing, pain triggered by prolonged walking/standing, pain on tension and palpation tests were assessed by use of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after each treatment session, including the follow up session.In addition, Mayo Clinical Scoring System (MCSS) was used to evaluate the treatment outcomes. Results After 3 weeks of treatment plus 3 weeks follow up,outcome measures had shown statistical significant difference on the intensity of pain on tension test( P =0.037),the intensity of pain on palpation test ( P =0.019) and the maximum duration of prolonged walking or standing ( P =0.002). Conclusion ESWT is more effective and efficient for managing heel pain than ultrasound therapy.

Background Studies showed that traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) can activate and induce immuno-inflammatory response,while T helper cell 17 (Th17), a CD4+ T lymphocyte, is associated with immunoinflammatory response.However,the effects of Th17 on the development of TON are unclear.Objective This study was to observe the changes of Th17 lymphocytes in spleen and the expression of interleukin-17 (IL-7) in retina in TON rats.Methods Seventy male 4-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, sham operation group and TON 1-, 3-,7-, 14-and 28-day group according to random number table.The optical nerves of the right eyes were exposed and impacted at a 25° angle by using fluid percussion injury (FPI) device with the average force (699.1±60.8) kPa to create the TON models in the TON groups,and only optical nerves were exposed in the sham operation group.Flash visual evoked potential (F-VEP) was recorded and the amplitude and latency were measured to evaluate the function of optical nerves of the rats.The rat splenocyte suspension in various groups was prepared for the detection of Th17 cells by flow cytometry, and the expression of IL-17 protein was detected by immunochemistry.Results No significant differences were found in the amplitudes and latencies of P2 wave, proportion of Th17 cells and the IL-17 positive cell numbers in retina between the normal control group and sham operation group (P =0.829,0.830,0.856,0.496).The amplitudes of P2 wave were significantly lower, and the latencies of P2 wave were significantly longer in the TON groups than those in the sham operation group (all at P＜ 0.05).The proportions of Th17 positive CD4+ T lymphocytes were (0.94±0.13)％,(1.80±0.18)％,(1.98± 0.20)％ ,(2.34±0.20)％ ,(2.11±0.13)％ ,(1.92±0.18)％ in the sham operation group,TON 1-day group,TON 3-day group,TON 7-day group,TON 14-day group and TON 28-day group, respectively, showing significant differences between the sham operation group and various TON groups (all at P＜0.05).In addition, the IL-17 positive cell numbers in retina were 796.326 ± 100.028, 1 673.416 ± 188.021,1 892.431 ± 151.026,2 420.454 ± 256.024,1 996.429±177.022 and 1 629.410±127.023 in the sham operation group,TON 1-day group,TON 3-day group,TON 7-day group,TON 14-day group and TON 28-day group, respectively, showing significant differences between the sham operation group and various TON groups (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions In rats of TON, the proportion of Th17 cell in splenocytes and the expressions of IL-17 in retina are increased,suggesting that Th17 and IL-17 participate in the progression of TON.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility of preparing tretinoin liposome by calcium acetate gradient method and to compare this method with the microfilm and the antiphase evaporation method.METHODS:Tretinoin liposome was pre-pared by microfilm method,antiphase evaporation method and calcium acetate gradient method,respectively.Sephadex G-50was used for isolation and ultraviolet spectrophotometry was utilized to determine the entrapped efficiency and grain size of liposomal tretinoin.Electronmicroscope was applied to observe the shape of tretinoin liposome.RESULTS:The calcium ac-etate gradient technology achieved the highest entrapped efficiency of90.48%.The liposomes had perfect shape with the mean diameter of35.8nm and kept stable in quality at4℃for3months.CONCLUSION:The liposome with high entrapped effi-ciency could be prepared by calcium acetate gradient method,and the method is feasible.

The defense mechinism of heat shock protein(HSP)acting as moleculars chaperons requires heat shock transcription factors as the primary mediators of the heat shock response.Increased expression of HSP may protect the heart.Overexpression of HSP can inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis,protect the integrity of the microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton in cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells exposed to ischemia,participate in the folding and activation of protein kinases and transcription factors such as HIF-1? and HSF1,bind to endothelial nitric oxide synthase(Enos) and stimulate its activity,and downregulate cytokine production.Hence,it is of benefit to efficiently elevate HSP expression in myocardium using pharmacological and/or gene therapy procedures without any adverse effect.

Objective To investigate the correlation between abnormal lipid metabolism and coronary artery lesions. Methods Two hundred and sixty seven patients were devided into the control group ( n =101) and the coronary heart disease (CHD) group ( n =166), which included single vessel lesion ( n =54), double vessel lesions ( n =68) and triple vessel lesions ( n =44) according to coronary angiography. At the same time the lipid components were examined and the ralationship between serum lipid level and coronary artery lesions were analysed. Results Compared with the control, the total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) level were significantly elevated while but high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lowered in the CHD group. The severity of coronary lesions was increased with the elevation of TC, LDL-C, apolipoproteinB (ApoB), TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and the reduction of HDL-C. There were significant differences in terms of lipid level beteewn the CHD group and the control. The analysis showed that TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C were most directly correlated with the coronary artery lesions in the CHD group. Conclusion The results suggest that the severity of coronary artery lesions correlated with abnormal lipid metabolism, and LDL-C/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C are better indicators than other lipid components.