Neutrophil genatinase-association lipocalin(NGAL)is a kind of lipocalin of binding proteins that seems to be a popular topic studied much recently,which at first was considered as endogenous bacteriostatic agent.It is bound up with the occurrence,development and prognosis of many kidney diseases.Therefore,it can provide new idea and method on clinical diagnosis and treatment by further study on expression and significance of NGAL in kidney diseases.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for improving the governmental drug pricing,especially for brand-name drugs.METHODS:With the statistical data listed in the governmental drug price catalogs,the price difference rates between brand-name and generic injection were computed.RESULTS:Only 26%of the drugs were in line with the requirement on price difference rate(35%for injections)specified in governmental drug price principle,and the highest price gap between brand-name drug and generic drug was as high as over 500%.CONCLUSIONS:It is advisable for government to adopt mild method of gradual reduction of drug prices,control the preferential degree for the price of the brand- name drugs,establish a dynamic price control system,and promote the balance on the benefits of both brand-name drug manufactures and the generic drug manufacturers.

Objective To evaluate the academic level and the popularity of Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics from the point view of citation. Methods According to the information of Chinese Medical Citation Index (CMCI), the amount and distribution of the original articles in Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics cited by the journals included by CMCI were statistically analyzed. The data analysis included the percentage of cited articles, the number of citation of a single article, authors of most cited articles, geological regions of cited articles, citing journals, the self citing rate and years of citation. Results The percentage of cited papers (663 articles, 3728 times) in all published 1 182 articles in Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics from 2005 to 2009 was an average of 56.09%. The average time of original articles cited by other researchers was 5.62. The highest one was citated by 104 times. 210 articles (31.68% of total papers) were cited 5 or more times, and the all cited times from them were 2835 (76.04% of total cited times). 663 cited articles were written by 485 authors from different countries. The most frequently cited author wrote 12 papers. The number of authors with one paper cited was 386 (79.58% of total authors). The cited authors are from the mainland, HongKong, and Taiwan in China, as well as USA, Canada, France. Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin are leading cities in orthopaedic research. Beijing was the first place (32.16% of total authors). There were 445 citing journals. There was 217 items self cited; the self- citing rate is 0.058. Conclusion Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics has provided high quality articles and has a strong influence in the field of medical research. It has been become an important resource for orthopaedic researchers and a vital medical journal in China.

Myocardial preservation plays a critical role in heart transplantation.Recently,heart transplantation has been practiced wildly all over the world.The aim of this review is to summarize the progress in the researches on the clinical appication and experiments of myocardial preservation sotution.

Carcinosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Common Bile Duct Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective: To study the in vitro effects of propofol on apoptosis and Bax expression induced by TNF-α in mouse spinal cord neurons. Methods: Spinal cord neurons were isolated from fetal mice and cultured in neurobasal medium with B27 supplement. On the 7th day of culture, neurons were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group, propofol (50 μmol/L) group, TNF-α group, propofol(25 μmol/L) with TNF-α group, propofol(50 μmol/L) with TNF-α group and propofol(100 μmol/L) with TNF-α group. Propofol with different concentrations was incubated with cultured cells for 30 min, then TNF-α was added with the final concentration of 2 000 U/ml for another 24 h incubation. Apoptosis was detected by PI/Hoechst33342 double staining technique and fluorescence microscopy. Bax expression was determined by immunocytochemical technique. Results: The apoptosis rate and expression of Bax in TNF-α group were both increased compared with those in control group ([21.8±1.1]% vs [2.8±0.8]%,P<0.01; [0.251±0.016] vs [0.141±0.015],P<0.01). The apoptosis rates and expression of Bax in 3 propofol groups(25, 50, 100 μmol/L) were ([16.2±1.2]%, [15.3±0.6]% and [12.2±0.8]%) and ([0.198±0.011],[0.188±0.012] and [0.167±0.014]), respectively, and they were all significantly decreased compared with those in TNF-α group ([21.8±1.1]% and [0.251±0.0163], all P<0.05). Moreover, a dose-dependent manner was observed in the above changes. Conclusion: Propofol within clinical concentration ranges may inhibit the apoptosis of spinal cord neurons induced by TNF-α through modulating the expression of Bax.

Humans ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta/diagnosis*

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cause of Death ; Dermatitis, Occupational ; mortality ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Trichloroethylene ; toxicity ; Young Adult

Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Brain ; physiopathology ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pain ; physiopathology ; Pain Management

Objective To investigate the quality of life (QOL) of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 257 MHD patients in our hospital were recruited in this study.Clinical data of the patients were collected,and the QOL was assessed by MOS 36 item short form health survey(SF-36).Nutritional status of patients was evaluated by modified quantitative subjective global assessment (MQSGA).Univariate analysis of variance,pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear stepwise regression analysis were performed to determine the effect of related factors on QOL scores.Results The scores of all scales of SF-36 evaluation in MHD patients were relatively lower than that of general population as reported before.Their physiological component summary (PCS) score decreased gradually as age grew,nevertheless,the mental component summary (MCS) score was highest in the group aged 41-60.The score was lower in patients with moderate to severe malnutrition or diabetic nephropathy when compared with other patients.Univariate analysis of variance also revealed that high SF-36 scores associated with higher education or income.Multivariate analysis indicated that PCS score and total SF-36 score of MHD patients were positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and cholesterol,but negatively correlated with diabetic nephropathy,pulmonary artery systolic pressure and MQSGA score (all P ＜ 0.05).There was positive correlation between MCS score and income,yet negative correlation between MCS score and MQSGA score (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion MHD patients had relatively poor QOL.Primary diseases and nutritional status were probably the main influencing factors.Age,educated level,family income and pulmonary artery systolic pressure might also have effects on their QOL.