Objective To investigate the responses of neurons and astrocytes within rat′s spinal trigeminal nucleus(Sp5C) following nocuous pain stimulation induced by subcutaneous formalin injection into the unilateral upper lip. Methods By means of anti\|phospholipase(PLC),anti\|Fos protein and anti\|glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) immunohistochemical method,the distribution of reactive neurons and astrocytes in the Sp5C was observed at different time after formalin injection. Results No immunohistochemical staining was found in normal rat Sp5C.After formalin injection,PLC like immunoreaction(\|LI),Fos\|LI and GFAP\|LI were found in astrocytes while PLC\|LI and Fos\|LI in neurons.The labeled astrocytes and neurons showed similar distribution and close relationship.PLC\|LI and Fos\|LI were found earlier than that in neurons.Conclusion\ The results suggested that the astrocytes in the Sp5C might participate in pain modulation in CNS and actively regulate neuron′s function.

Objective:To investigate and explore the factors leading to online game addiction.Methods:Questionnaires composed of demographic information,online game addiction instrument,flow experience instrument,loneliness instrument and depression instrument were used to assess 270 university and college students.Results:①Along with different degrees of online game addiction,there was significant difference among players of different flow experiences.②Relative lonely or depressive players were easier to become addicts than non-lonely or non-depressive players on the similar of condition flow experience and repetition.③Online game addictions had linear correlation with activity repetition,flow experience and loneliness.Conclusion:Factors of leading to online game addiction include activity repetition,flow experience and loneliness of players.

Purpose To investigate the expression of secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) and to evaluate its clinical significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Methods RT-PCR was performed to analyze SFRP4 mRNA expression level in 30 paired PDAC lesion and matched adjacent non-tuimor tissue.Immunohistochemistry staining detection of 205 matched cases tissue microarray was conducted to explore SFRP4 protein expression pattern.The correlation between SFRP4 and clinical characteristics was also analyzed,including overall survival.Results SFRP4 expression pattern both at mRNA and protein level in PDAC lesion was higher than that in matched adjacent non-tumor tissue.At mRNA level,to found that expression of SFRP4 was elevated in 90％ (27/30) of PDAC tissues (P =0.007 2).To found that high expression of SFRP4 was detected in 56.5％ (116/205) of PDAC tissue,while only 28.8％ (59/205) in the adjacent non-tumor tissue.Moreover,no significant association was observed between SFRP4 expression and clinical characteristics.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed high level of SFRP4 expression was correlated with poor overall survival (x2 =3.467,P =0.024).Conclusion SFRP4 can be a novel prognostic biomarker in PDAC.

Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Risk Assessment

Objective To observe the instant reactions and relationship of astrocytes(ASs) and neurons(Ns) in rat forebrain after the unilateral tibia and fibula bone fracture. Methods With immunohistochemical triple staining method,the expression of Fos-protein,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) and tyrosine hydroxydase(TH) were observed. Results Here we showed 1.After the nociception of the treatment,GFAP-like immunoreactive (-LI) ASs exhibited clear character of nuclei distribution in the lateralmedial habenular nucleus(LHb),paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus(Pa),supraoptic nucleus(SON),suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCh),bed nucleus of of stria terminalis(BST),central amygdaloid nucleus(Ce) medial amygdaloid nucleus(Me) and cortex;2.The distribution of Fos-LI Ns and GFAP-LI ASs in above nuclei were similar,there were close relationship between Fos-LI Ns and GFAP-LI ASs.3.There were many double-labelled Fos/TH-LI Ns that were surrounded by the GFAP-LI ASs,and formed the neuron-astrocyte complex(N-ASC).Conclusion The ASs as well as Ns of the above nuclei or regions may be involved in instant response and adjustment of the lower extremity bone fracture nociception simultanneously.

Objective To investigate the change of serum pentraxin3 level in different body mass indices groups among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and to analyze its correlation with metabolic indices.Methods A total of 164 T2DM patients were divided into the normal body mass group (A,n=53),over-weight group (B,n=56) and obese group(C,n=55) according to BMI.Serum pentraxin3 level was assayed by ELISA.Then the relationship between serum pentraxin3 levels with BMI.blood glucose,blood lipid andHOMA-IR was analyzed.Results The pentraxin3 levels in the group A,B and C were (3.46±0.19),(2.47 ± 0.21),(1.44 ± 0.18) ng/mL respectively,the pairwise comparison among three groups showed the statistical difference (P＜0.05).The pentraxin3 level was negatively correlated with BMI,TG,LDL-C,FINS and HOMA-IR (r=-0.897,0.621,-0.232,-0.593,-0.487,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that BMI and HOMA-IR were independently correlated with serum pentraxin31evel.Conclusion BMI and HOMA-IR are the independent risk factor for af fecting serum pentraxin3 level in T2DM patients.

Objective To comprehend the status and risk factors of overweight and obesity among urban and rural inhabitants of Shenchi county.Methods With stratified cluster sampling,two residents" committees were selected as investigation spots from each town of Longquan,Yijing,Bajiao and Hezhi of Shenchi county.Permanent inhabitants aged 20 to 74 yrs were investigated on their status of overweight and obesity and its realted risk factors.Results In this study,2231 inhabitants were investigated,among which male 871 and female 1 360.The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity were 28.6%(standardized rate was 26.7%) and 5.1% (standardized rate was 4,5%).There was a statistic significance in prevalence rate of overweight between male and female(X~2=4.595, P0.05).It was discovered that the age,the degree of education, the annual income of family,drinking,exercise status,alimentary control status,family history and so on had the relation with BMI, the exercise and diet control status assumed negative association by multiple linear regression.Conclusion There is a high prevalence rate of overweight and obesity among residents in Shenchi county in Shanxi province.We should make the comprehensive intervention measures according to its status and risk factors,and make the prevalence rate decreased.

Objective To investigate the effects of different CO2 pneumoperitoneum on cell cycle and cell cycle protein of a gastric cancer cell line. Methods Human gastric cancer cell line MNK-45 were exposed to 0,10,12 and 15 mm Hg CO2 pneumoperitoneum in vitro for 4 hrs. Cell cycle was measured by flowcytometry, the expression of CDK4 ,Cyclin D1、Rb and pRb was studied by Western-blot, and the binding ability of CDK4 and Cyclin D1 was evaluated by immunoprecipitation. Results The cell proliferation index in 15 mm Hg CO2 pneumoperitoneum group dropped significantly (27.4% ± 3. 7%) vs. (36. 4% ±3. 3%) ,P <0. 05, while that in other groups did not change significantly. The protein of CDK4、Cyclin D1and binding ability of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 dropped dramatically in the 15 mm Hg CO2 pneumoperitoneum group (0.71%±0.12%),(0.93% ±0.21%),(0.54%±0.11%),(0.18% ±0.02%) vs. (1.05% ±0.16%),(1.40% ±0.24%),(0.75% ±0.14%),(0.31% ±0.02%), all P<0.05. There were no changes of Rb in protein levels, while the phosphorylated Rb dropped obviously. Conclusion There was no obvious effects of clinical CO2 pneumoperitoneum on gastric cancer cells growth and proliferation.

This study aims to perform a survey of genetic variation in neuraminidase (NA) gene of influenza A/H3N2 virus, as well as related resistance to NA inhibitors, in Qinghai Province of China, 2010 to 2012. Strains of influenza A/H3N2 isolated during an influenza survey from 2010 to 2012 in Qinghai were enrolled by random sampling. Viral RNA was extracted and amplified by RT-PCR. Purified PCR products were sequenced thereafter. Genetic analysis of nucleic acid and the derived amino acid sequences was performed by MEGA 4.0. Phylogenetic trees were also constructed. Strains isolated during 2010-2011 in this study clustered closely with World Health Organization (WHO) 2010-2012 reference vaccine strain A/Perth/16/2009 and 2008-2010 reference vaccine strain A/Brisbane/10/2007 on the phylogenetic tree, while the 2012 isolates were located on another branch. In analysis of derived amino acid sequences, the 2010 isolates mutated at K81T, the 2011 isolates mutated at I26V and D127N, while the 2012 isolates mutated at E41K, P46A, I58V, T71N, L81P, D93G, D127N, D151N, and I307M. The D151N mutation added a glycosylation site to the activity center of NA. No significant variation was discovered in H3N2 NA gene of 2010-2011 isolates in Qinghai, China. Isolates of 2012 were found with significant mutation, which has the potential of inducing minor resistance to NA inhibitors like zanamivir and oseltamivir.
Amino Acid Sequence ; China ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; classification ; enzymology ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neuraminidase ; chemistry ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics