Cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) can induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS).This review elaborated the influences of SIRS in acute lung injury after CPB.

Cholangiocarcinoma is a highly malignant tumor which originates from bile duct epithelial cells, and its invasion and metastasis is an important factor affecting the prognosis of patients and the main causes of the high mortality.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a reversible biological process of transition from epithelial phenotype to stromal cell phenotype, which is closely related to tumor invasion and metastasis.The microRNA is an endogenous non-coding RNA with a sequence of 20~25 nucleotides, which participates in the occurrence and development of tumor, especially in the progress of tumor invasion and metastasis by complementary base pairing with the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the target gene at the post-transcriptional level.Herein, we present the mechanism of microRNA regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and its effect on the invasion and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma.

Cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) is often followed by pulmonary dysfunction,and is also regarded as a high risk factor for development of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).This article reviewed the recent researches of the mechanisms of lung injury induced by CPB.

The medical humanistic spirit is very important,but it has been seriously neglected.It is the key to educate medical students with accomplishment of medical humanistic spirit.And it is also necessary to renew the concept of courses,making the relation between the courses of medical humanitic spirit and specialized profession.The Medical College of Shantou University has practised effectively.

Humans ; Tympanoplasty

? The choroidal vasculature provides oxygen and nutrients to the outer retina, and is responsible for maintaining the highly metabolically active photoreceptor cells. The normal structure and function of its vascular system is very important for the retina. So it is more meaningful to observe the choroid morphology for tracking pathological changes in diabetic retinopathy. With the application of the high resolution optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) technology, spectral -domain optical coherence tomography ( SD - OCT ) enhanced depth imaging technology can be used to measure the choroidal thickness quantitatively, which provides a new idea for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, the research and progress of choroidal thickness on diabetic retinopathy by OCT are summarized as follows.

Objective To determine whether or not the bacterial DNA which was detected by PCR comes from viable bacteria.Methods Observe the effection of middle ear effusion(MEE) on DNA viscosity and enzymatic digestion of DNA.Results The middle ear effusion and DNA are stable and DNase 1 rapidly digests DNA,The effusion does not seem to degrade DNA.The middle ear effusion signifcantly inhibits DNase 1.Conclusions Middle ear effusion provides an inhibition of the enzymatic digestion of purified DNA.Thus any DNA found in effusion by PCR techniques could well be fossilized remains and chronic otitis media with effusion may not be the bacterial infection that recent studies have suggested.

Objective To observe the renal expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in rats with type 2 diabetes, and explore the effect of selective COX-2 inhibitor Mobic on the expression of renal COX-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1), TXB 2 and 6-Ket-PGF1?, as well as renal structure and function. Methods All rats were divided into control group, diabetes mellitus group and treatment group. Type 2 diabetic rats were treated with Mobic and vehicle respectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of COX-2,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in renal tissues. The urinary TXB 2 and 6-Ket-PGF1? concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay at 6th week. Results There were an increasing expression of COX-2, TIMP-1 and decreasing MMP-9 expression in the renal tissue of type 2 diabetic rats. Mobic could increase MMP-9 expression and depress TIMP-1 expression througth inhibiting the expression of COX-2 in the renal tissues of type 2 diabetic rats. Conclusion COX-2 was involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Selective COX-2 inhibitor Mobic might exert its renoprotective effects through inhibiting COX-2 activity, decreasing prostagladins systhesis, and modulating MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression.

Objective To evaluate the effects of nutritional intervention on the incidence of malnutrition in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods Totally 196 patients on MHD were randomly assigned to nutritional intervention group (n =98) and control group (n =98).Nutritional intervention or free diet were given in these two groups.The incidence of malnutrition in these two groups was recoded.Results The baseline age,biochemical indicators,and incidence of malnutrition were matched in these two groups (P ＞0.05).After 6 months,although the number of the patients with malnutrition [35.7％ (35/98)] was slightly increased in the intervention group,it showed no significant difference when compared with the baseline level [33.7％ (33/98),P ＞0.05].In the control group,however,the incidence of malnutrition [59.2％ (58/98)] significantly increased (P ＜0.05).The incidence of malnutrition was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Nutritional intervention can lower the incidence of malnutrition in patients on MHD.

Child, Preschool ; Dexamethasone ; adverse effects ; Diaphragm ; drug effects ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Spasm ; chemically induced