Objective:Since malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) may be taken as an undifferentia-ted pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), this study was conducted to reassess 33 previously diagnosed MFH cases in the past 10 years based on the latest WHO concept. And then to search for the clinicopathological features, probably tumorigenesis, and the line of differentiation of the remaining MFH/UPS cases.Methods: Thirty-three cases in tissue microarray were studied by immunohistochemistry with panels of neurogenic, myogenic, and lipogenic antibodies. Three expertise pathologists reevaluated the slides separately. Results: Among the 33 cases, 17 cases (51.5%) of MFH had their diagnoses changed, including 5 leiomyosarcomas, 3 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, 1 fibrosarcoma, 1 inflammatory myofibrosarcoma, 1 giant cell tumor and 1 angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma. The remaining 16 cases (48.5%) were finally diagnosed as MFH/UPS, among which patients were mainly old adults (median age: 63 years; range: 38 to 76 years). The median tumor size was 6.0 cm (range: 3.0 to 14.0 cm), 8 cases (50%) located in lower limb and 5 cases (31.3%) located in thigh. These tumors had marked cytological and nuclear pleomorphism. Immunohistochemistry showed that Vimentin was strongly positive in all 16 MFH/UPS (100%), Muscle-specific actin was variously positive in 8 cases (50%) and 1 case focally expressed Desmin. Eleven cases (68.8%) variously expressed CD68 (KP1) and 7 cases (43.8%) expressed CD68 (PG-M1), which were much higher than leiomyosarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor and liposarcoma with significant difference. Moreover, Ki67 expression rates were from 10% to 100%, including 14 cases more than 50% and 11 cases more than 70%. However, only 2 cases (12.5%) showed P53 positive. Conclusion: MFH/UPS often show marked histological pleomorphism, and the diagnosis must be made by exclusion of other definitive sarcomas, especially myogenic and neurogenic sarcoma. Only Vimentin was always expressed in MFH/UPS, while some of the tumors were positive for myogenic antigen and CD68. It was suggested that MFH/UPS might arise from primary mesenchymal cells, and some cases exhibited fibroblastic and/or myofibroblastic features. In addition, histiocytic phenotypic marker did have more expression in MFH/UPS than in other sarcomas. MFH/UPS still had certain clinicopathological characteristics.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the level and significance of interleukin-8 (IL-8), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in patients peripheral blood (PB) during mobilization for peripheral blood stem cells harvesting.

METHODSThe levels of IL-8, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in patients were dynamically assayed by ELISA during the mobilization procedure and the number of CD(34)(+) cell, white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (BPC) by flow cytometric analysis and hematometry respectively. Colony formation was assayed by using semisolid methycellulose culture.

RESULTSThere was a significant increase in plasma levels of IL-8 and both adhesion molecules [IL-8 (247.4 +/- 84.2) microg/L (P < 0.01); sICAM-1 (530.3 +/- 286.1) microg/L (P = 0.002 7); sVCAM-1 (575.3 +/- 350.4) microg/L (P = 0.001 3)] during the mobilization process; furthermore, IL-8 and sVCAM-1 concentration in the patient's plasma was paralleled to the numbers of CD(34)(+) cell, CFU-GM, WBC and BPC (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe levels of IL-8, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in the patient's plasma were correlated to the PB number of CD(34)(+) cells, CFU-GM, WBC and BPC during the mobilization process. It suggested that analysis of IL-8, and sVCAM-1 dynamic changes may serve as markers for CD(34)(+) cells.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; therapeutic use ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; methods ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood

Objective To evaluate the impact of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (ADH2) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) polymorphisms on the susceptibility of esophageal cancer. Methods A case-control study including 221 cases of esophageal cancer and 191 controls was carried out in Taixing city of Jiangsu province. ADH2 and ALDH2 genotypes were tested by PCR and denaturing high -- performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC). Results (1) Compared with ALDH2 G/G carriers, ALDH2 A/A (OR=5.69, 95%CI: 2.51-12.18) and ALDH2 G/A (OR=1.70, 95%CI: 1.08-2.68) carriers showed a significantly elevated risk of developing esophageal cancer, especially among alcohol drinkers with ALDH2 A/A (OR=8.63,95% CI: 2.07-35.95). (2) Statistical relation was not found between ADH2 genotypes and the risk of esophageal cancer, with regard to the status of alcohol consumption. (3) Whether subjects with whatever ADH2 genotype, ALDH2 G/A or A/A carriers was found to have significantly increased the risk of developing esophageal cancer, with ALDH2 A/A carriers appeared having higher esophageal cancer risk than those ALDH2 G/A carriers. (4)Compared those non-drinkers with both ALDH2 G/G and ADH2 A/A , drinkers with ALDH2 G/A or A/A and ADH2 C,/A or G/G genotypes showed a significantly elevated risk of developing esophageal cancer (OR=8.36, 95% CI: 2.98-23.46). Conclusion These results revealed that it was not ADH2 but ALDH2 polymorphisms and drinking alcohol had a significant interaction with the development of esophageal cancer, suggesting that in order to help lowering the risk of esophageal cancer, individuals who are carrying ALDH2 A/A or G/A genotypes should be encouraged to reduce their consumption of alcohols.

Knowledge of normal anatomy and physiology of swallowing is fundamental in the identification of individuals with orat risk for swallowing disorders. Learning anatomy and physiology however, is not an easy task thus, computer-assistedlearning (CAL) approaches have been incorporated into the learning of the topics to enhance understanding. Althoughevidence exists on the benefits of using CAL in education, more studies are necessary in the field of swallowing. Whilecourseware for the learning of anatomy and physiology of swallowing exist, they are not comprehensive. Therefore, thisstudy aimed to develop a comprehensive CAL courseware for anatomy and physiology of swallowing. The current studyused a designed-based research following the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation)model to create a multimedia courseware, incorporating the use of text, still images, animations, audio narrations,and presented on a simple graphical user interface. The courseware was evaluated by 27 undergraduate students interms of its usefulness, ease of use, and users’ satisfaction. Results indicate that the participants were satisfied with thecourseware and that they perceived the courseware as useful, easy to learn and easy to use. The study represents aninitiative to investigate the use of CAL in the subject and to establish the basis for further work which includes assessmenton the learning outcomes from the usage of the CAL courseware. It is hoped that the use of this courseware in teachingand learning of anatomy and physiology of swallowing can enhance students’ knowledge and understanding of the areaefficiently and effectively.

Objective:To investigate the sleep status of elderly hypertensive patients stratified into the group of high risk or above in a community.Methods:1 606 patients aged over 65 years were selected from the hypertension database of Gumei Community Health Service Center, Minhang District, Shanghai, including 757 males and 849 females.Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to investigate the population.Results:43.2% of the patients had sleep disorders.The PSQI score was 7.09±2.95 in the males and 8.07±3.39 in the females (P<0.05).In terms of age, the prevalence of sleep disorders among the group of 65 to 69 years, the group of 70 to 74 years and the group of older than 75 years was 40.1%, 42.6%, and 49.4%, respectively.The percentage of sleep disorders in patients with diabetes and those without diabetes was 45.4% and 42.3% (P<0.05).In characterizing the sleep disorder, 51.2% of the patients had difficulty falling asleep frequently, 54.8 % of them spent more than six hours in bed but most of these patients (over 95%) had a low sleep efficiency, staying awake about one third (35%) of the time in bed.In the treatment of sleep disorders, less than one-third of the patients took sleeping pills, and about 13% of them took sleeping pills regularly.In evaluation of the impact of sleep disorders, nearly 40% of the patients had daytime dysfunction.Conclusions:Among the elderly hypertensive patients stratified into the group of high risk or above, sleep disorders are common.Female, advanced age and diabetes are risk factors to sleep disorders.Which should be paid attention to health workers.

BACKGROUND: After radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer, the most common complication is lower urinary tract symptoms. Post-operatively, bladder capacity can alter bladder function for a prolonged period. This study aimed to identify factors affecting bladder storage function. METHODS: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Information of patients with stages IA2 to IIB cervical cancer with urodynamic study results were retrospectively collected from nine hospitals between June 2013 and June 2018 according to the inclusion criteria. Demographic, surgical, and oncological data were collected. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify clinical factors associated with bladder storage function. RESULTS: Two hundred and three patients with cervical cancer had urodynamic testing post-operatively. Ninety-five (46.8%) patients were diagnosed with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The incidence of low bladder compliance (LBC) was 23.2%. Twenty-seven (13.3%) patients showed detrusor overactivity (DO). Fifty-seven patients (28.1%) presented with a decreased maximum cystometric capacity (DMCC). The probability of composite bladder storage dysfunction was 68.0%. Multivariate analysis confirmed that laparoscopy represents a protective factor for SUI with an odds ratio of 0.498 (P = 0.034). Patients who underwent a nerve-sparing procedure were less odds to experience SUI (P = 0.014). A significant positive correlation between LBC and DO was observed (P < 0.001). A greater length of the resected vagina and chemoradiotherapy were common risk factors for LBC and DO, while radiotherapy exerted a stronger effect than chemotherapy. Additionally, patients who received chemoradiotherapy frequently developed a DMCC. The follow-up time was not correlated with bladder storage function. CONCLUSION A nerve-sparing procedure without longer resected vagina is recommended for protecting the bladder storage function.

Objective: To investigate the current status and real performance of the detection of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion transcript levels and WT1 transcript levels in China through interlaboratory comparison. Methods: Peking University People's Hospital (PKUPH) prepared the samples for comparison. That is, the fresh RUNX1-RUNX1T1 positive (+) bone morrow nucleated cells were serially diluted with RUNX1-RUNX1T1 negative (-) nucleated cells from different patients. Totally 23 sets with 14 different samples per set were prepared. TRIzol reagent was added in each tube and thoroughly mixed with cells for homogenization. Each laboratory simultaneously tested RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels of one set of samples by real-time quantitative PCR method. All transcript levels were reported as the percentage of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 or WT1 transcript copies/ABL copies. Spearman correlation coefficient between the reported transcript levels of each participated laboratory and those of PKUPH was calculated. Results: ①RUNX1-RUNX1T1 comparison: 9 samples were (+) and 5 were (-) , the false negative and positive rates of the 20 participated laboratories were 0 (0/180) and 5% (5/100) , respectively. The reported transcript levels of all 9 positive samples were different among laboratories. The median reported transcript levels of 9 positive samples were from 0.060% to 176.7%, which covered 3.5-log. The ratios of each sample's highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.5 to 12.3 (one result which obviously deviated from other laboratories' results was not included) , 85% (17/20) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ②WT1 comparison: The median reported transcript levels of all 14 samples were from 0.17% to 67.6%, which covered 2.6-log. The ratios of each sample's highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.3-13.7, 62% (13/21) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ③ The relative relationship of the reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 transcript levels between the participants and PKUPH was not always consistent with that of WT1 transcript levels. Both RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels from 2 and 7 laboratories were individually lower than and higher than those of PKUPH, whereas for the rest 11 laboratories, one transcript level was higher than and the other was lower than that of PKUPH. Conclusion: The reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels were different among laboratories for the same sample. Most of the participated laboratories reported highly consistent result with that of PKUPH. The relationship between laboratories of the different transcript levels may not be the same.
China ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription, Genetic ; WT1 Proteins

DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Mitochondria ; Mutation ; RNA, Transfer, Leu