The w or king principle,software and hardware composition,and the functions of the automa tic CMM(Chinese Materia Medica)boiling machine are introduced in this paper.Diff erent from other congener products' temperature control principle,time-sharing power control is applied to this system.The boiling process is more fit for CMM pharmacology than other products.The efficiency of the boiling machine is almost the same as the traditional one.The interrupt service subprogram is used in t his system to perform dynamic LED display.In order to control the output power, the duty ratio of the square-ware is adjusted to control the bi-directional thyr istor's conducting and closing time.Thus,the use of PWM control can be avoided,w hich is a bit complex in designing the software and hardware.The design process of this system is clear and simple.

Objective:To investigate the influence of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction ( XZD) contained Drug-Serum on the expression of TLR4/NF-κB signals and LOX-1, TNF-α, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 in HUVECs, and to study its possible anti-atherosclerotic mechanism.Methods:HUVECs was cultured in vitro and divided equally into the normal group ,the model group,the ATV group and the XZD group in random.HUVECs were stimulated with LPS for 2 h,then treated separately with the drug-serum and atorvastatin for 24 h,finally measured the expression of TLR 4, MyD88, TRAF-6, NF-κB, LOX-1, TNF-α, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA with real-time PCR,the expression of TLR4,NF-κB,LOX-1,TNF-α,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 protein were analyzed by Western blot method .Results:Protein and mRNA expressions of TLR4,MyD88,TRAF-6,NF-κB,LOX-1,TNF-α,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 increased significantly after LPS stimulation(vs normal control group,P<0.01),Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction decreased the high expression of TLR 4,MyD88,TRAF-6, NF-κB,LOX-1,TNF-α,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1(vs model group,P<0.05 ).Conclusion:Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction can block the high ex-pression of TLR4 and its downstream signal transduction pathway and the high expression of LOX -1, TNF-α, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.Maybe it′s the mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction exert the function of anti-artherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD), Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XZD), and Sijunzi Decoction (SD) contained serums on expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signals, lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and to explore possible anti-atherosclerotic mechanisms.

METHODSTwenty New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups at random, i.e., the normal control group, the BHD group (6.7 g/kg), the XZD group (3.6 g/kg), and the SD group (1.6 g/kg), 5 in each group. All medication lasted for 7 successive days. Two h after the final medication, about 50 mL blood was withdrawn from rabbit heart for preparing serums. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell ECV304 were cultured in vitro for 18 h and randomly divided into the blank control group, the model group, the Western medicine (WM) control group, the BHD group, the XZD group, and the SD group at random. ECV304, except in the blank control group, were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 2 h. Those in the WM control group and CM groups were treated respectively with corresponding CM contained serum for 24 h. Finally gene and protein expressions of TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6), NF-κB, LOX-1, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 were detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the blank control group, mRNA expressions of TLR4, MyD88, TRAF-6, NF-KB, LOX-1 , TNF-cx, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 increased significantly; protein expressions of TLR4, NF-κB, LOX-1, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 also increased significantly in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, mRNA and protein expressions of each index could be significantly inhibited in the BHD group, the XZD group, and the WM control group (P < 0.05). Besides, mRNA and protein expressions of each index could be significantly elevated more in the BHD group and the XZD group than in the WM control group (P < 0.05). No statistical difference existed in each index between the SD group and the rest groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe mechanism of BHD and XZD for fighting against atherosclerosis might be associated with inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signal transduction pathway and expressions of its downstream inflammatory factors such as LOX-1, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1. But SD showed no associated effect on atherosclerosis.

Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Endothelial Cells ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Scavenger Receptors, Class E ; Signal Transduction ; TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 ; metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Umbilical Veins ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Pi transportation, dampness resolving and phlegm expelling herbs (PTDRPEH) on the obesity degree, fat hormones, and leptin resistance in diet-induced obesity (DIO) rats.

METHODSAmong the 120 Wister rats, 10 were recruited as the blank control group (fed with basal forage), and the remaining 110 were administered with high-fat high-nutrition forage for 17 weeks. According to weight, we obtained 40 DIO rats and 10 diet-induced obesity resistance (DIO-R) rats. DIO rats were further divided into four groups, i.e., the DIO model group (normal saline, at the daily dose of 2 mL), the sibutramine group (at the daily dose of 1.6 mg/kg), the dampness resolving and phlegm expelling group (DRPE, at the daily dose of 3.2 g/kg), and the Pi transportation group (PT, at the daily dose of 3.2 g/kg). All were given by gastrogavage. Normal saline (2 mL) was given by gastrogavage to rats in the blank control group and the DIO-R group. The basal forage was administered to rats in the blank control group, while high fat forage was continually given to rats in the remaining five groups. Their body weights and body lengths were measured after 16 weeks of gastrogavage. All intra-abdominal fat was taken out to measure the degree of obesity and fat contents. Insulin resistance index (IRI), blood glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, leptin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and adiponectin were detected after blood withdrawing. Leptin, TNF-alpha, adiponectin, suppressors of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3), and other relevant adipose hormones and inflammatory cytokines were examined in the fat homogenate.

RESULTSCompared with the blank control group, DIO model rats' body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat factor, IRI, serum leptin, TNF-alpha, and SOCS-3 significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); serum NPY, serum leptin, and adiponectin decreased (P < 0.05). Leptin increased and NPY decreased in DIO-R model rats. Compared with the DIO group, DIO-R model rats' body weight, BMI, fat factor, IRI, serum NPY, TNF-alpha, and SOCS-3 all decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); leptin and adiponectin in serum and the fat homogenate all increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). After intervention with Sibutramine, rats' body weight, BMI, fat factor, and TNF-alpha in the fat homogenate obviously decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Serum TNF-alpha decreased, leptin and adiponectin increased in rats of the DRPE group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). BMI, fat factor, IRI, leptin, and SOCS-3 showed a decreasing tendency, but with no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The body weight, BMI, fat factor, IRI, TNF-alpha, and SOCS-3 all decreased in the PT group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); leptin and adiponectin in the serum and the fat homogenate increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSSibutramine could reduce body weight and TNF-alpha in the adipose tissue. Herbs of PT could inhibit fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance (IR), with superior effect to herbs of DRPE. Its mechanism might be closely related to promoting leptin and adiponectin secreted by fat, reducing leptin resistance, and elevating serum levels of leptin and adiponectin.

Adiponectin ; blood ; Animals ; Diet, High-Fat ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Insulin Resistance ; Leptin ; blood ; Male ; Obesity ; blood ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective To assess the ultrasonographic detection of nuchal translucency or nuchal edema in identifying chromosomally abnormal fetuses.Methods Fetal nuchal translucency thickness was measured between 10～14 weeks of gestation,or nuchal fold thickness after 14 weeks,with serial follow-up ultrasound examinations.Results In a 2-year period,12 aneuploid fetuses had been identified,together with 5 fetuses of normal karyotype but fatal prognosis.Compared with the fetuses of increased nuchal translucency but normal karyotype and normal follow-up,they had a much thicker nuchal translucency in the first trimester (average 6.1 mm vs 3.6 mm),and in most cases the nuchal translucency evolved into nuchal edema in the second trimester,with other abnormalities detected by ultrasound.Conclusions Detection of increased nuchal translucency by ultrasound is effective in detecting chromosomally abnormal fetuses or fetuses with other abnomalities,and the changes of nuchal translucency observed by follow-up ultrasound may play an important role in differential diagnosis and predicting the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the influence of super fine crushing technique on dissolution rate of Sunshang Capsule (SC). Methods With the dissolution of active components and notoginsengside as the markers, the dissolution rate in Sunshang Capsule and Sunshang powder which were prepared by super fine crushing method and fine crushing method respectively was compared by TLC and HPLC. Results The stain of Sunshang Capsule was bigger and darker than that of Sunshang Powder, time-limited dissolution of SC was 4.66 %higher and the content of notoginsengside R1 was 6 %higher than those of Sunshang Powder. Conclusion Super fine crushing technique can increase the dissolution rate of SC and this will supply evidence for the process of SC preparation.

Objective To establish the preparation method of Xiao' er Jiere hollow type suppository and determination method of the dissolubility.Methods Xiao' er Jiere hollow type suppository and ordinary suppository were prepared.With bacalin and chlorogenic acid as the standards,the in-vitro dissolution test and HPLC method were applied to determine the accumulated dissolution rate of bacalin and chlorogenic acid in two different types of suppository.Results The linearity of bacalin was in the range of 0.040 ? g～ 0.320 ? g(r=0.999 7)and that of chlorogenic acid was in the range of 0.064～ 0.512 ? g(r=0.999 8).The accumulated dissolution rate of the hollow type suppository was over 97 % in 30min.Conclusion Drug release rate of hollow type suppository is higher than the ordinary suppository.The method is stable and accurate.

Objective To describe the diagnosis and preoperation evaluation of pancreatic carcinoma with spiral CT three-phase contrastenhanced scan and post-processing.Methods Three-phase helical CT enhanced scan and post-processing images of 41 patients with pancreatic carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed,including the location,size,characteristic of tumor and peripancreatic blood vessels,the results were compared with that of surgery.Results Low degree of enhancement of pancreatic carcinoma in pancreatic phase was showed compared with parenchymal phase.There was significant difference in density between focus and normal pancreas,the lesions were showed clearly.In comparison with surgical results,the diagnostic accuracy of CT was 80.7% and the accurate rate in evaluating the metastasis was 75.8%.Conclusion Three-phase helical CT enhanced scan and postprocessing are of great value in diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma and it is helpful in choosing the treatment program preoperatively and assessing the respectability of tumors.

Objective To assess the effect of cryopreservation of cornea in glycerol,to analyze the protective effect of sodium hyaluronate on corneal endothelial cells(CEC) during preservation,and to find out a convenient and cheap method for the storage of cornea.Methods 20 rabbit corneas were divided into two groups randomly.The corneas of control group were stored directly in pure glycerol at-25℃,while in the experimental group sodium hyaluronate was evenly anointed on the corneal endothelial surface of the cornea before being cryopreserved in glycerol.2 months later,the effect of preservation for both groups was examined with trypan blue combined with alizarin red staining(viability staining) for corneal endothelial cells,electron-microscope examination for preserved corneas,and rabbit experimental penetrating keratoplasty(PKP) with the long-term cryopreserved corneas from both the experimental and control groups.Results CEC viability could be preserved by both methods.CEC trypan blue combined with alizarin red staining(viability staining) showed that the CEC density of cornea in the experimental group was 3 067.9?127.6/mm2,which was higher than that of control group(2 899.9?134.0/mm2).The mortality of CEC in experimental group was 4.2%?3.4%,lower than that in control group(13.8%?2.2%).Suceessful rate of PKP was higher in the experimental group with higher CEC density.Conclusion Cryopreservation with glycerol can preserve the viability of CEC.Sodium hyaluronate can reduce the damage to endothelium in the preserving procedure and can obviously improve the effect of preservation.The improved cryopreservation of cornea with glycerol may be a convenient,economic and effective method for eyebank.

Objective:To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of free transfer of Abductor hallucis muscle plus anastomosis of blood vessels and nerves for dynamic reanimation of the established facial paralysis.Methods: Twenty-eight patients who received the above-mentioned treatment during March 1999 to November 2006 were followed up.The follow-up period was 1 to 16 years,with a median period of 4 years.The facial pictures of frontal view were analyzed before and after operation.T-FGS and facial nerve function index(FNFI) were used to evaluate the facial nerve function before and after operation.Meanwhile,the survival of the graft,the width of the face,the scar,and the function of the foot were analyzed and compared.Results: All patients obtained satisfactory symmetric faces in static state and voluntary contraction of the transferred muscles.Twenty-two patients obtained ideal smiling faces.The T-FGS score increased by(27?7.2) points and the score of FNFI increased by(57?10.7)% after transplantation(P