ObjectiveTo establish an experimental model of orthostatic hypotension (OH) after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rabbits and investigate the effect and relevant mechanism of tilting table exercise on OH.MethodsRabbit model of OH was established by completely transecting animal's spinal cord at the T5 segment and putting animal on a 60° tilting table. Tilting table exercise was applied to training group for 28 days starting from 4th day after operation. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse rate (PR) were observed by non invasive sphygmobolometer of rabbit at 3rd, 10th, 17th, 24th and 31st day after the operation. The concentrations of plasma renin activity (PRA) and angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) of different position were detected with radio immunoassay at 31st day after operation.ResultsSBP at 60° head up tilt increased and difference of SBP between two positions decreased significantly in training group at 31st day. The concentrations of PRA and AngⅡ of SCI group and training group were higher than that of sham group. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of PRA and AngⅡ between training group and SCI group.Conclusion T5 complete SCI can induce OH in rabbits. Tilting table exercise can partially improve OH after SCI in rabbit, which may be not related to activation of the circulating renin angiotensin system.

ObjectiveTo define the occurrence rate,time course, potential etiologic factors, treatment and prognosis of hyponatremia in patients with actue spinal cord injury.Methods99 patients who were admitted with hyponatremia after acute spinal cord injury were analysed retrospectively. ResultsAll these patients could concluded into three types:type I were mostly the patients with thoracic and lumbar spinal cord injury,whose mean lowest serum natrium concentration (MLSNC) were (128.6±6.6)mmol/L,continued (8±5.3)days,and it could be recovered after two weeks by accurate supply natrium and/or fluid restriction.Type II included the patients with cervical spinal cord injury,whose MLSNC were(125.1±6.0)mmol/L, continued(26.7±17.0)days,mean uric natrium concentration were 200mmol/24h,and poorly responded to the therapy of supply natrium.Type III also included the patients with cervical spinal cord injury, whose MLSNC were (118.3±9.4)mmol/L, continued (36.8±5.4)days, uric natrium concentration were 200-400mmol/24h, urinary volume had been above to 4000ml for 4 weeks.The serum natrium concentration would decrease after supply natrium therapy,but would recover.after fluid restriction. ConclusionsThe hyponatremia in patients with actue spinal cord injury sould be treated according to different type.

Spinal cord injury affects cerebral cortex in many respects,including morphology and gene expression of neurons,reorganization in function and structure,regional brain blood flow,expression of neurotrophic factor and its receptor.These changes may affect rehabilitation care and functional recovery of the patients with spinal cord injury.Therefore,studies targeting these changes are vital for our further understanding of the mechanisms of spinal cord injury and help to explore new therapies.

Objective To research the incidence rate,potential etiologic factors,treatment of complications in patients with acute spinal column and spinal cord injury.Methods The date of 543 patients with acute spinal column and spinal injury were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of 543 patients,242 cases(44.6%)had complications.The first to third complications were hyponatremia(202 cases,37.2%),urinary tract infections(150 cases,27.6%)and pulmonary infections(54 cases,9.9%)respectively.The incidence rate of hyponatremia and pulmonary infections in patients with complete cervical spinal cord injuries increased obviously.Conclusion Early rehabilitation and active prevention can prevent the complications in patients with acute spinal column and spinal cord injury.

Objective To summarize the experience in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with spinal fracture and spinal cord injuries. Methods The treatment and results of 12 patients with ankylosing spondylitis with spinal fracture and spinal cord injuries were reviewed and compared. Results and Conclusions We emphasize that the treatment of complications, especially pneumonia, is very important. Conservative treatment may be used at first, but the patients with surgical indications should be operated early.

High-throughput screening is a regular approach available for identitying new lead compounds for the growing validated drug targets in drug screening. However, it has also introduced a large number of peculiar molecules which interfere drug screening. Pan assay interference compounds (PAINS) interfere with the progress of drug screening in various ways, such as interfering with a biochemical assay, modifying the protein, aggregate-based inhibitors and so on. So it is of vital significance to remove them. This paper has consulted the concept, category of PAINS and reviewed the way of PAINS interfering and the countermeasures to cope with them to direct the approach of high through screening and improve the hits percent.
Drug Discovery ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; methods

Objective To investigate antibiotic resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated from female patients. Methods:Antimicrobial susceptibility of N.gonorrhoeae to 7 antibiotics was tested by disk diffusion method and penicillinase- producing N.gonorrhea(PPNG)was confirmed by nitrocefin disk.Results:Of the 95 strains collected,38(40%)were found to be PPNG.No resistance to spectinomycin was identified.The susceptibility rate of these isolates to penicillin,tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin were much lower,only from 0% to 2.6%.More than 90% of the isolates were susceptible to cefuroxime, ceftriaxone,and ceftizoxime.Conclusions:Our study suggests that spectinomycin,cefuroxime,ceftriaxone,ceftizoxime are the first choice for treatment of gonorrhea in female patients.

Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), also known as vitamin D3-up-regulated protein (VDUP1), is an endogenous inhibitor of thioredoxin (Trx), which regulates the cellular reduction-oxidation (redox) state. TXNIP regulates cellular survival, apoptosis and inflammation induced by glucotoxicity, heat shock and mechanical pressure. The above functions of TXNIP are regulated by carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) and AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK). In recent years, numerous studies showed that TXNIP is involved in diabetes and diabetic complications. On the one hand, TXNIP functions in diabetes by increasing insulin resistance and hepatic gluconeogenesis. TXNIP expression is induced by high glucose, which is implicated in pancreatic beta cell glucotoxicity and endothelial cells dysfunction. TXNIP may contribute to the development and progression of diabetes and its vascular complications. TXNIP may be a new target for diabetes and its vascular complications therapy.
Apoptosis ; Carrier Proteins ; metabolism ; Diabetes Complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Endothelial Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; pathology ; Vascular Diseases ; drug therapy ; metabolism

Most medicines used in the ancient people were the natural raw products, and most of them were discovered during the life.As the differences of the geography,climate and living habits among the different regions,various medicines were used for treatment of diseases in local people.The communica-tion of medicines made a lot of benefits for people living in different regions. Communication of medicines promote the application of medicines and natural resources.As early as 2000 year ago, the ancient Chinese people had sent a lot of medicines to many countries among the Belt and Road during their visiting to these countries. The medicines were the main contents for communication besides of the silk and porcelain.These medicines has been used for treatment of diseases for local people till now.On the Belt and Road, many spices, fruits, seeds produced in different regions were spread among the countries.Most of them were planted and produced in China.But the important events were the application of these special products, such as spices, fruits and seeds used as medicines under the guidance of traditional Chinese medical theory. These drugs have played major roles in the treatment of diseases and development of traditional Chinese medicine. Communication of the medicines, including the medical theory and drugs, improved the medical standards in China.For example,ancient Persian medicine had a significant impact on the use of tradi-tional Chinese medicine in the prescription application.And also, the medicines made important contri-butions to the health of people in the countries on the Belt and Road. Now, the science and techniques have been developed. Many principles and understandings are different from the ancient people. However, the medicines developed in the countries on the Belt and Road still used for the health of human beings.To research the ancient medicines by the modern tech-niques and through co-operation will greatly contribute to human healthand promote the social prog-ress and economic development of the countries on the Belt and Road.

GDF-15,a distant member of the TGF-superfamily,is identified as an apoptotic accelerat- ing,anti-tumorigenesis and nerve2nutritional factor in varied injures and tumors and has cardioprotective ac- tivity.The characteristics and roles of GDF-15 gene/protein and antibodies are expounded besides the rela- tionship between GDF-15 serum level/genetypes and CRC.It is also discussed here that some antitumorigenic substances inducing GDF-15 in CRC tissues and CRC cells.