Objective To investigate the roles of placental cellular apoptosis and bcl-2 gene expression in fetal growth restriction (FGR) with unclear etiologies. Methods The placental tissues of 15 FGR and 15 parallel normal pregnancies were included in the study. Apoptosis were evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasc-mediated deoxyuridine tripbosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry assay (FCM). Expression of bcl-2 was determined by RT-PCR. Results In cells from FGR placentas, but not in control normal cells, typical features of apoptosis were observed, including intemucleosomal DNA degradation, and both nuclear (nuclear condensation and fragmentation) and extranuclear (cell blebbing) morphological alterations. The placental cellular apoptosis were also confirmed at a rate of 13.68% by TUNEL assay and 10. 58% by FCM in FGR group, compared to 4. 05% and 3.88% in the normal tissues. Meanwhile, bcl-2 expression level was lower in FGR group (0. 19±0. 13) than in the normal group (0. 55±0. 17). Conclusion Apoptosis may play an important role in the pathogenesis of FGR and may be related with to lowered expression of bcl-2.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Data Collection ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lead ; blood ; toxicity ; Lead Poisoning ; blood ; complications ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Risk Factors

For pharmaceutical industries, clinical data is one of the most valuable deliverables. It is also the basis of analysis, submission, approval, labeling and marketing of a drug product. To ensure the integrity and reliability of clinical data, a scientific standardized quality control (QC) has to be established at each step of a clinical trial. Data validation is conducted to ensure the reasonability and compliance of clinical data by checking data quality before the data is statistically analyzed. This paper focuses on purpose of data validation, creation of data validation plan, rationale of data validation, types of data validation and performance of user acceptance testing on clinical database.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; standards ; Data Accuracy ; Data Collection ; standards ; Databases, Factual ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results

Objective: To study the factors effecting the expression of the reporter green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene in the mouse embryo stem cell line R1. Methods: Three different kinds of GFP euko-expression vectors were constructed, and the expression efficiency was contrasted both at mRNA and protein levels after they were integrated into the chromosomes of host cells. Results: At protein level, the GFP expression level of the colonies transfected by the expression vector-pEF-GFP with the promoter of the peptide elongation factor (EF) were significantly higher than that of the colonies transfected by pCMV-GFP with CMV promoter and by pdCMV-GFP with double copies of CMV-GFP expression unit. There was no significant difference between the colonies transfected by pCMV-GFP and pdCMV-GFP. The detection results on mRNA level of GFP had the same tendency as that at protein level. Conclusion: (1) GFP gene expression efficiency controlled by EF promoter is distinctly higher than that by CMV promoter in NIH3T3 and R1 ES cell line.(2) A slight increase of the copy number of the foreign gene expression units in the host chromosome can not make obvious increase of its expression efficiency. (3) The vector express GFP in R1 ES cell line efficiently and stablely is obtained.

AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simuhaneous content determination of five flavonoids in Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke at five picking time (April,May,June,July and August).METHODS The analysis of D.indica methanol extract was performed on a 25 ℃ thermostatic Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),the mobile phase comprising of acetointrile-0.1％ methanoic acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 350 nm.RESULTS Rutin,hyperoside,isoquercitrin,celereoin and kaempferol showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (R2 ≥0.998 6),whose average recoveries were 97.1％-101.5％ with the RSDs of 1.37％-2.37％.The contents of five constituents in samples at different picking time exhibited obvious differences,among which lutin and hyperoside contents were the highest in June,isoquercitrin content was the highest in July,and celereoin and kaempferol contents were the highest in August.CONCLUSION The suitable picking time of D.indica is June and July.

Objective To evaluate the late complications of continent ileocolic reservoir with an unaltered in situ appendix conduit and the management. Methods Thirty patients with bladder cancer who had undergone the surgery of continent ileocolic diversion with an unaltered in situ appendix conduit were followed up for 108 to 126 months (mean 118 months).The long-term post-operative complications were documented. Results The complications occurred as follows:urinary pouch superdistention in 5 cases,calculus formation in the urinary pouch in 6,difficulty with catheterization in 4,uerteral obstruction in 3,hemorrhage of the pouch in 1 and mild hyperchloremic acidosis in 1.These complications were managed accordingly and good results achieved. Conclusions Although continent ileocolic diversion with an unaltered in situ appendix conduit has a long-term efficacy,the complications occur frequently.The procedure needs further improvement.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between reactive hyperplasia of the draining lymph nodes and oral cancer micrometastasis.Methods:The specimens was taken from 12 patients suffered from oral squamous cell carcinoma,who accepted inpatient care in West China College of Stomatology,Sichuan University.There were totally 233 lymph nodes,and all the specimens were divided into normal,reactive hyperplasia and metastasis groups by pathological diagnosis.Immunohistochemistry method was used to inspect micrometastasis in the two prior groups,and the data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0.Results:25 lymph nodes were detected metastasis,79 were reactive hyperplasia,and 129 were normal.Normal mucosa,squamous cell carcinoma and metastatic lymph nodes were positive to keratin,and there were 29 and 12 specimens with micrometastasis in reactive hyperplasia and normal lymph nodes separately.Conclusion:Micrometastasis occured on the reactive hyperplasia lymph node in the oral cancer draining area is easier than that on the normal one.

Objective To study the cellular apoptosis and telomerase activity in bladder cancer before and after treatment with cell wall skeleton of bacillus Calmett Guerin(BCG CWS) and interleukin 2(IL 2). Methods The cellular apoptosis and telomerase activity of 33 cases of bladder cancer tissues were detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL) and telomeric repeat amplification protocol(TRAP) assay both before and after treated with BCG CWS and IL 2. Results The apoptosis index for bladder cancers before and after treatment with BCG CWS and IL 2 was (35.6?12.7)% and (79.1?11.3)% respectively, the apoptosis index being obviously increased after the treatments, P

China ; Humans ; Pulmonary Medicine

Fanconi Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Potassium ; therapeutic use ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria ; etiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitamin D ; therapeutic use