S100A8 and S100A9 are abundantly expressed in neutrophils cytoplasm,they are calciumbinding proteins and they often exist as S100A8/A9 heterodimer.Previous studies have shown that the biological functions of S100A8 and S100A9 are associated with chronic inflammatory diseases and a variety of cancers.They are important to inflammation by binding and activation Toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE),and mediating intracellular inflammatory signaling transduction.This review summarizes the studies on functions and molecular mechanism of S100A8 and S100A9 in autoimmune diseases,which might propose new strategies for diagnosis,treatment and suggested disease activity.

Objective To evaluate the feasible of dual-energy coronary artery CTA combined with affirmed iterative reconstruction technique for overweight patients.Methods 60 cases underwent dual-energy coronary artery CTA were enrolled in this reasearch.Patients were divided into two groups according to different reconstruction arithmetic model:group A with FBP reconstruction model,while group B with SAFIRE reconstruction model and monoenergetic images from 65 to 90 keV (with increment of 5 keV).All the data were measured by one doctor worked in CT department for more than 5 years,and the image quality were analyzed and evaluated by two senior radiologists.Randomized block ANOVA analysis was used to compare objective evaluation indices of different monoenergetic images from 65 to 90 keV to get the best keV level.The comparative t-test was applied to objective evaluation indices(CT values,SD,SNR,CNR and image quality score) of group A and B and comparative x2-test was applied to image quality score at the best keV level.Results There were significant differences in CT value,SD,SNR,CNR of different keV images (P ＜0.05).For objective evaluation of image quality,the SNR and CNR of group B were significantly higher than group A,and SD was significantly lower than group A (P＜0.05).For subjective evaluation of image quality,there were statistically significant difference between group B and group A (P＜0.05),the segment score of group B was superior to group A.Radiation dose:the DLP value was (238.7±30.82) mGy · cm,and the ED value was (3.3±0.43) mSv.Conclusion SAFIRE combine with purified single spectrum technique can improve the image quality and reduce radiation dose in dual-energy coronary artery CTA,and 75 keV is the best single energy level.

BACKGROUND: Gallie, Brooks steel wire, and Halifax vertebral plate clamp are tools for internal fixation of atlas-axis joint. They can keep the flexion-extension stability of atlas-axis joint, but weaken the ability to against lateral bending and rotation. Magerl+Gallie implantation shows good biomechanics stability, but cannot well prevent axial dislocation. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the surgical technique from posterior approach for atlas, and explore the effect on biocompatibility and biomechanics of implants. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY: The articles related to atlas-axis joint dated between January 1970 and June 2007 were retrieved through Pubmed, PML, OVID and Wanfang database using of "atlas, axis, dislocation, fixation, posterior" and "atlas, dislocation, internal fixation, implant, posterior approach, biocompatibility, biomechanics" in Chinese. All collected articles were selected firstly and the articles related to implants, surgical skills, and biomechanics were selected. For articles in identical field, only those published in recently or in authoritative journals were selected. Repetitive articles and Meta analysis were excluded. 127 articles met the criteria and 30 of them were involved. LITERATURE EVALUATION: The articles involved were related to the surgical treatment of dislocation of atlas-axis joint. Of 30 articles, 3 were review articles, 3 were monographs, and the others were clinical or basic researches. DATA SYNTHESIS: ①Lateral mass and pedicle screw implantation techniques can achieve three-dimensional fixation. ②The screw entrance points of atlantoaxial pedicle screw implantation is higher than lateral mass technique, it is unnecessary to expose C1, posterior arch and other deep parts of anatomic structures. C2 nerve root and venous plexus are not separated completely, which reduce injury rate and blood loss. In addition, screw passage of pedicle screw is longer than Harms technique, so screw can completely contact with skeleton to enhance the fixation. CONCLUSION: Atlantoaxial fixation by posterior pedicle screw implantation shows good biomechanics and biocompatibility. It may become the optimal approach for atlantoaxial short segmental fixation.

Objective To study surgical techniques for the treatment of traumatic recurrent dislocation of the peroneal tendons. Methods A total of 21 cases of traumatic dislocation of the peroneal tendons from 1986 to 2003 were treated with the Watson-Jones operation. Results A follow-up series was carried out in 15 cases for 1~15 years (mean, 4.9 years). Recurrence of dislocation occurred in 1 case, as a result of trauma, while the rest of 14 cases had returned to normal sports or competitions. Conclusions The Watson-Jones operation for recurrent dislocation is technically feasible and minimally invasive, offering satisfactory outcomes.

Objective To assess the incidence rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol versus sevoflurane-based anesthesia with or without ondansetron in patients undergone gynecological laparoscopy. Methods Totally 138 patients were randomly divided into three groups: sevoflurane group (Sev group) sevoflurane-ondansetron group (Sev-O group),and propofol TIVA group (TIVA group),with 46 cases in each. In the Sev and Sev-O groups,anesthesia was maintained by inhalation of 50% N2O and sevoflurane;in the Sev-O group,8 mg of prophylactic ondansetron was given intravenously 30 minutes prior to the end of the operation. In the TIVA group,target-controlled infusion of propofol and remifentanil were used. In each group,the incidence of nausea and vomiting and use of antiemetic drugs in 24 hours after the surgery were recorded. Results In 0 to 2 hours after the operation,the incidence rate of nausea and vomiting in the TIVA group was significantly lower than that in the Sev group [22% (10/46) vs 54% (25/46),?2=10.376,P=0.001] and Sev-O group [50% (23/46),?2=7.986,P=0.005]. In 2-6 hours,the rate in the Sev-O group was lower than that in the Sev group [22% (10/46) vs 46% (21/46),?2=5.887,P=0.015]. The total incidence rate of nausea and vomiting in 24 hours after the operation was 57% (26/46) in the TIVA group,which was significantly lower than that in the Sev group [80% (37/46),?2=6.093,P=0.014]. In the Sev,Sev-O,and TIVA groups,there were 13 (28%),6 (13%),and 6 (13%) cases respectively received antiemetic drugs after the surgery. Conclusions Compared with sevoflurane-based anesthesia,propofol TIVA results in a lower rate of PONV after gynecological laparoscopy.

Objective Liver is a common site of metastasis of gastric cancer and hitherto there has been no uniform treatment for liver metastasis of gastric cancer. This study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of liver metastasis of gastric cancer in order to provide some evidence for the improvement of the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods We ret-rospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and survival data of 143 patients with liver metastasis of gastric cancer treated in our hospital between March 2007 and September 2012. We investigated the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of the disease u-sing the Cox Regression Model. Results Seventy-five ( 52. 4%) of the 143 patients survived for 12 months, 41 ( 28. 7%) for 24 months, and 18 (12.6%) for 36 months, with a median survival time of 14 months. Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the survival time among the patients with different histological grades of primary gastric cancer, time of liver metastasis, types of metastatic liver cancer, extra-liver metastasis, and treatment methods ( P<0.05) . Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed the histological grade of gastric cancer to be low-or non-differentiation ( HR=2.67, 95% CI:1.51-4.72) and the type of liver meta-static cancer to be H2 ( HR=1.89, 95% CI:1.08-3.29) or H3 ( HR=2.13, 95% CI:1.32-3.44) , which were independent risk fac-tors affecting the prognosis of liver metastasis of gastric cancer, while palliative chemotherapy ( HR=0.55, 95% CI:0.32-0.95) was an independent protective factor of its prognosis. Conclusion Patients with liver metastasis from gastric cancer usually have a poor prognosis, especially those with histologically low-grade gastric cancer or type-H2 or -H3 liver metastatic cancer. The prognosis of thepatients undergoing palliative chemotherapy may have a better prognosis than those receiving best supportive care. A comprehensive therapy should be recommended to patients with liver metastasis from gastric cancer.

AIM: To explore the anti-LPS mechanisms of ?-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (?-MSH), the effects of ?-MSH on the expression of SOCS-3 mRNA and the production of NO in murine peritoneal macrophages induced by LPS were investigated. METHODS: BALB/c mouse peritoneal macrophages were cultured in vitro and induced by LPS, ?-MSH and LPS with ?-MSH, respectively. The expression of SOCS-3 mRNA was detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). NO produced in macrophages was tested with Griess reagent. RESULTS: The level of NO and the expression of SOCS-3 mRNA were significantly increased in macrophages stimulated with LPS.?-MSH markedly decreased the expression of SOCS-3 mRNA and almost completely inhibited the production of NO induced by LPS. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the negative regulative circuits operated by SOCS are activated during the inflammation induced by LPS, but SOCS might not be involved in the anti-LPS mechanism of ?-MSH.

Clinical risk index for babies( CRIB) is applied in low birth weight preterm neonates to assess the initial severity of illness,predict mortality risk rates,evaluate their own performance,and audit the performance between different medical institutions.CRIB plays an important role in the progressive develop-ment of neonatology.The scoring rules and advantagse of CRIB scorni g system were introud ced in this arti-cle.Teh scoring system is able to correctly predict mortaliyt probabilities and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes for low birth weight preterm infants.

Humans ; Macrophage Activation Syndrome ; diagnosis

Background and purpose: Mouse osteosarcoma model was widely used in osteogenic malignant tumor research, and it was helpful for studying the invasion and metastasis of the tumor cells when it was well marked in vivo. The purpose of this study was to establish mouse sarcoma cell lines (S180) that were infected with enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP). Methods: EGFP-S180 expressing strong EGFP fluorescence was acquired by electroblot, and supplemented with G418 (800 mg/mL), c-Myc was detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Meanwhile, the cancer-bearing model was established subcutaneously within the abdominal cavity. Results: EGFP-S 180 cells were cloned. There was no significantly difference between c-Myc expressions in S180 cells and those in EGFP-S180 cells (P>0.05), and between the cancer-bearing time subcutaneously and the time within abdominal cavity (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to in vitro and in vivo assay, it showed that EGFP-expressing S180 cells could be used for studying further the tumor biological behavior with fluorescence technology.