S100A8 and S100A9 are abundantly expressed in neutrophils cytoplasm,they are calciumbinding proteins and they often exist as S100A8/A9 heterodimer.Previous studies have shown that the biological functions of S100A8 and S100A9 are associated with chronic inflammatory diseases and a variety of cancers.They are important to inflammation by binding and activation Toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE),and mediating intracellular inflammatory signaling transduction.This review summarizes the studies on functions and molecular mechanism of S100A8 and S100A9 in autoimmune diseases,which might propose new strategies for diagnosis,treatment and suggested disease activity.

Objective To evaluate the feasible of dual-energy coronary artery CTA combined with affirmed iterative reconstruction technique for overweight patients.Methods 60 cases underwent dual-energy coronary artery CTA were enrolled in this reasearch.Patients were divided into two groups according to different reconstruction arithmetic model:group A with FBP reconstruction model,while group B with SAFIRE reconstruction model and monoenergetic images from 65 to 90 keV (with increment of 5 keV).All the data were measured by one doctor worked in CT department for more than 5 years,and the image quality were analyzed and evaluated by two senior radiologists.Randomized block ANOVA analysis was used to compare objective evaluation indices of different monoenergetic images from 65 to 90 keV to get the best keV level.The comparative t-test was applied to objective evaluation indices(CT values,SD,SNR,CNR and image quality score) of group A and B and comparative x2-test was applied to image quality score at the best keV level.Results There were significant differences in CT value,SD,SNR,CNR of different keV images (P ＜0.05).For objective evaluation of image quality,the SNR and CNR of group B were significantly higher than group A,and SD was significantly lower than group A (P＜0.05).For subjective evaluation of image quality,there were statistically significant difference between group B and group A (P＜0.05),the segment score of group B was superior to group A.Radiation dose:the DLP value was (238.7±30.82) mGy · cm,and the ED value was (3.3±0.43) mSv.Conclusion SAFIRE combine with purified single spectrum technique can improve the image quality and reduce radiation dose in dual-energy coronary artery CTA,and 75 keV is the best single energy level.

Arthritis, Juvenile ; diagnosis ; Child ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Immunologic Tests ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; diagnosis ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; diagnosis ; Rheumatic Diseases ; diagnosis ; immunology ; therapy ; Rheumatic Fever ; diagnosis ; Scleroderma, Systemic ; diagnosis

The organic acidemia/aciduria is one of the most common inherited metabolic disorders in clinic,more than 50 species have been found until now.The illness is believed to be caused by gene mutation,leading to the reduction or loss of enzyme activity and the accumulation of carboxylic acid and its metabolites.The manifestations of increased blood organic acids include refractory metabolic acidosis,paroxysmal vomiting,feeding difficulties,hypotonia,convulsions and disturbance of consciousness.Most of the organic acidemia begins in neonatal period or infancy,accompanied by progressive neurological damages at most of the time.There are little specific clinical features can be found in this kind of diseases,therefore,early diagnosis and treatment must be initiated in order to decrease risk of neurological induries and damages or acute deaths.So application of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry is important to the early diagnosis,helpful for improving the outcomes and reducing child mortality.

Urea cycle disorder is a common inherited metabolic disorder,and it is the most common genetic cause of hyperammoniema in children.The illness is believed to be caused by gene mutation of six main enzymes in urea cycle,leading to ammonia,which is produced by amino acid catabolism,can't conver to urea through the urea cycle and be discharged through the urine.The manifestations of hyperammonemia turn out to be disorders of brain function (refusing to milk,vomiting,drowsiness,coma,convulsions,ataxia,aggressive behaviors).The incidence of this disease is 1/30 000.At the same time,the severity of the clinical symptoms is connected with the extent of the enzymes defects.More serious the enzymes defected,the earlier and worse the disease onsets.Some children with mild enzyme defects may intermittently attack or have a delay onset.Serious nervous system injuries can be found in hyperammonernia,therefore,early diagnosis and treatment must be ensured in order to decrease risk of mental injuries and damages or acute deaths.

Objective: To study the effects ot intravenous 1％ procaine on cortex. Method: Ten patients,aged 29-59 years,for elective surgical operations,were observed the changes of spectral edge frequency(SEF), medium power frequency (MPF)and ? rate(?R)on power spectral analysis and bispectral index(Bl)on bispectral analysis during intravenous propofol 4 mg?kg~(-1)? h~(-1) purely for 15 min,intravenous combination of 1％ procaine 1mg?kg~(-1)?min~(-1) and propofol for 30 min, then intravenous propofol 4mg?kg~(-1)?h~(-1)purely for 15min. Result: SEF,MPF and BI values during combination stage were lower significantly (15.46?1.87Hz, 7.21?2.01Hz, 68.77?7.99 respectively)than the values during other two stages(stage 1 and stage 2 were 21.36?2.79Hz,11.55?2.62Hz,85.6?8.84 and 20.59?3.10Hz, 9.5?3.44Hz, 84.97?8.71 respectively, P

Objective To study the effect of metoprolol combined with benazepril on cardiac structure and heart function in patients with heart failure and the treatment of hypertension in the elderly. Methods 120 cases of elderly hypertensive patients with heart failure from June 2011 to June 2015 were studied, according to the random number table method, they were randomly divided into combination group and control group.The two groups were given symptomatic and supportive therapy, the control group on the basis of conventional treatment were given antihypertensive drugs of benazepril; combination treatment group were given metoprolol on the basis of control group. After treatment, the clinical efficacy of the two groups were evaluated, the changes of cardiac structure in the two groups were recorded and analyzed before and after treatment, and the blood pressure and cardiac function were analyzed. Results The total effective rate of the combined group was 91.67%, the control group was 78.33%, there was significant difference between the two groups (χ2=4.1830, P=0.0408). After 6 months of treatment, the blood pressure, cardiac structure and 6min walking distance were significantly improved in the two groups (P<0.05). The above indicators in combination group were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). The complication rate in combination group was 8.33%, 13.33% in the control group, there was no statistically significant between two groups (χ2=0.7764, P=0.3782). Conclusion Metoprolol combined with antihypertensive treatment can significantly improve the clinical efficacy of the treatment, improve the cardiac structure and function.

AIM: To explore the anti-LPS mechanisms of ?-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (?-MSH), the effects of ?-MSH on the expression of SOCS-3 mRNA and the production of NO in murine peritoneal macrophages induced by LPS were investigated. METHODS: BALB/c mouse peritoneal macrophages were cultured in vitro and induced by LPS, ?-MSH and LPS with ?-MSH, respectively. The expression of SOCS-3 mRNA was detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). NO produced in macrophages was tested with Griess reagent. RESULTS: The level of NO and the expression of SOCS-3 mRNA were significantly increased in macrophages stimulated with LPS.?-MSH markedly decreased the expression of SOCS-3 mRNA and almost completely inhibited the production of NO induced by LPS. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the negative regulative circuits operated by SOCS are activated during the inflammation induced by LPS, but SOCS might not be involved in the anti-LPS mechanism of ?-MSH.

Humans ; Macrophage Activation Syndrome ; diagnosis

Objective To evaluate the reliability of using imipenem,meropenem,cefoperazonesulbactam,piperacillin-tazobactam in the treatment of hospital-acquired Gram-negative bacterial infections with Monte Carlo simulation(MCS).Methods The MIC of the four agents collected from hospital-acquired infections were detected in accordance with broth dilution method of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI).MCS were conducted with MICs and the pharmacokinetics parameters of the four agents based on conventional dose regimens.The cumulative fraction of response (CFR) of time over MIC target attainment in different dosing regimen were generated.Results A total of 2 541 strains,including 2 093 strains of Enterobacteriaceae and 448 strains of glucose non-fermentative bacilli were collected.The MIC90 of imipenem and meropenem against Enterobacteriaceae were less than 1 mg/L in general,whereas MICg0 of two agents with β-1actamase inhibitors was around 64 mg/L.As to glucose non-fermenting bacteria,MICs of all the four agents were very high,especially to Acinetobacter baumannii,which indicated MIC50 more than 32 mg/L.MCS revealed that carbapenems had significantly higher CFR than those with β-1actamase inhibitors.Imipenem and meropenem (1 g,q8 h) obtained CFRs of 74.69％ and 81.42％,respectively.The CFR of cefoperazone-sulbactam (2 g,q8 h) and piperacillin-tazobactam (4 g,q6 h) (both excluding β-1actamase inhibitors) were just 49.59％ and 27.66％ respectively,which increased after excluding A.baumannii in piperacillin-tazobactam.Conclusions The conventional dose regimens of imipenem and meropenem are reliable for the empiric therapy of Gram-negative hospital-acquired bacterial infections.Piperacillin-tazobactam is suggested to use with higher doses or prolonged infusion time to satisfy the time of drug concentration exceeded the MIC (T ＞ MIC) requirement.More clinical studies of cefoperazone-sulbactam should be conducted to optimize its regimen and guarantee its efficacy.