Mycoplasma pneumonia is the smallest free-living and self-replicating prokaryotic microbe being devoid of cell wall, which can not only lead to respiratory system diseases in human, but also play an important role in a wide variety of extrapulmonary diseases, involving cardiovascular, neurological, digestive, skin, hematological systems, and so on.However, the pathomechanisms of mycoplasma pneumonia-related extra-pulmonary diseases(MpEPDs) remain largely unknown.Yet there are three main possible pathomechanisms of mycoplasma pneumonia causing MpEPDs: direct type, immune type and vascular occlusion.They are connected with each other and cooperate on promoting MpEPDs, especially in children and the young.Comprehensive therapeutic strategies cover microbiology, immunology and anticoagulants, while supportive treatments are necessary.Most patients recover from MpEPDs have a favorable prognosis.

Objective To study the significance of serum uric acid in predicting coronary heart disease(CHD) risk.Methods Uric acid and its relationship with coronary heart disease(CHD) was analyzed in 215 cases who underwent coronary angiogaphy(CHD was present in 164 patients and absent in 51 as normal control group).Results Uric acid was significantly higher in patients with CHD than that in the normal control group [(316.67?97.35)?mol/L vs.(286.16?98.33)?mol/L,P

Objective To investigate the effect of Xinmailong injection combined with Qiliqiangxin capsule on serum BNP , NF-kappa B and cystatin C in the treatment of chronic heart failure in the elderly .Methods 78 cases of elderly patients with chronic heart failure were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table, 39 cases in each group.All patients received basic treatment, the control group received standard treatment, and the study group received more with Xinmailong injection combined with Qiliqiangxin capsule,and levels of serum B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP), cystatin C(CysC) and NF-κB were compared, left ventricular function and 6 min walking test were detected and the clinical curative effect were compared after the treatment.Results Compared with before treatment, levels of serum BNP, CysC and NF-κB in 2 groups decreased(P<0.01), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) increased(P<0.05), left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV) reduced(P<0.05), 6 min walking distance increased(P<0.01), scores of symptom decreased(P<0.01), compared with the control group, levels of serum BNP, CysC and NF-κB in study group were lower, LVEF were higher ( P<0.05 ) , levels of LVEDV and LVESV were lower ( P<0.05 ) , scores of 6 min walking distance were higher(P<0.01), scores of symptom were lower (P<0.01), the effective rate was higher(P<0.05).Conclusion Xinmailong injection combined with Qiliqiangxin capsule in the treatment of chronic heart failure in the elderly was effective , and it can improve left ventricular function, the possible mechanism related to the decrease of BNP, CysC and NF-κB levels.

When the fever was induced by leukocytic pyrogen(LP)on rabbits, we observed the effects of acupuncture on the main point of "Du Channel". At the same time measured the changes of cAMP and cGMP levels in CSF of the animals.It was found that cAMP levels increased (cAMP levels of normal group 18.60?1.56 pmol/ml and experimental group 25.30?1.14pmol/ml,P

Objective To explore the role of halofuginone in immune regulation,observe the effects of halofuginone on maturation of dendritic cells and immune tolerance during homograft heart transplantation of rats,in order to provide new ways and means to treat transplantation tolerance and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods Rat bone marrow derived dendritic cells were isolated and the effects of halofuginone in LPS-treated DCs were investigated by flow cytometry;heart transplantation model of rats were established and the effect of halofuginone stimulated dendritic cells in the immune tolerance by pathological analysis and mixed lymphocyte reaction were observed.Results Flow cytometry results show that the expression of cell surface CD80 CD86,OX62 antigens were not high in control group,their expression increased significantly when stimulated by LPS for 24h,and decreased when stimulated by both Changshan ketone and LPS for 24h,and even lower than their expression levels in blank group,which showed that Changshan ketone has the ability to inhibit the maturation of dendritic cells induced by LPS.In rat heart transplantation model,dendritic cells stimulated with Changshan were injected into recipient rats in vivo,and receptor of rat transplantation rejection decreased significantly,which showed that dendritic cells stimulated with Changshan ketone may be used as a new method for cell therapy in treatment of transplant rejection.Conclusion This study systematically observes that halofuginone can inhibit the maturation of rat bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and lymphocyte proliferation for the first time in vivo and in vitro.

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test is the base of genetic epidemiology. The new methods for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test involve: X chromosome-linked single nucleotide polymorphism Hardy-Weinberg test, inbreeding coefficient(F) test, an incomplete enumeration algorithm for an exact test of Hardy-Weinberg proportions with multiple alleles, and graphical tests for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium based on the ternary plot. It is necessary to conduct Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test in genetic epidemiology studies and adjust the associations as deviation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium occurs.

OBJECTIVE:To study the relevance between the distribution of chain drug stores and medical institutions in Shanghai.METHODS:Taken the density of chain drug stores and medical institutions as index for the description of their distribution,and both non-parametric and parametric methods were applied in the relationship analysis.RESULTS:It was found that the density of chain drug stores and that of the medical institutions were in nonlinear and concaved downward re?lationship.CONCLUSION:The study suggested that currently the distribution of chain drug stores in shanghai is incongruous with the competition pressure from hospital pharmacies.

Henoch-Schnlein purpura(HSP) is a common autoimmune small vessel vasculitis that primarily affects children.Although the pathogenesis of HSP is unknown,there are tantalizing clues on the immune abnormalities mediated by IgA,which mainly affects the vessels of the skin,gastrointestinal tract and kidneys.The reasons of deposition maybe involve in the increases of serum IgA,the abnormalities of IgA-specific autoantibodies,structures and acceptors of IgA1,complements,and so on,which mediates the abnormal expressions of adhesion molecules and cytokines.

Congenital heart disease often lost the opportunity of radical sureryfor secondary pulmonary hypertension.pulmonary hypertension is pathologicallycharacterizzed by pulmonary vascular remodeling,including the vascular smooth musclecell' s proliferation,migration and extracelluar matrix deposition,Recently,someresearchers have found that connective tissue growth factor can bind with somesurface receptors of vascular smooth muscle cells,causing some biological behaviorchanges such as proliferation,migration and extracellular matrix abnormaldeposition,and activating crresponding gene expression through this signaltransduction pathway.Pulmonary vascular remodeling may be one of the molecularpathogenesis in pulmonary hypertension.

Objective To draw up a satisfaction rating scale utilized by outpatients in general hospitals,for the quality evaluation of the out-patient service.Methods Outpatients at four municipal general hospitals in Hangzhou City were as the subjects.The validity and reliability of the rating scale were estimated.Results The response rate to items was 98.82% ,and valid rate reached 96.8% ,the internal consistency coefficient was in the range of 0.76 to 0.87.The composition of the scale conforms well to the management practice,the relativity inside the factor was stronger than the relativity among the factors,which supported the contents validity.Factor analysis results demonstrated that both the factor loads and structures were consistent with the structures of the rating scale,which supported the structure validity.Conclusion All of validity indexes of the rating scale meet the requirements of psychometrics.This scale is practicable to estimate the satisfaction of outpatients to the service they received,and provides valuable evidence to estimate the quality of hospital therapeutic services.