To explore the time-dependent of p harmacodynamics of lidocain alkalified solution. Method: On 8:00 am and 8:00 pm, surface anaesthesia and subarachnoid anaesthesia were con ducted in rabbits and 76 cases of surgical patients receiving epidureal anaesthe sia were observed in therapy effect.Results: The results of animal experimental showed the anaesthesia potency and anaesthesia incubatory period were better on 8:00 am than 8:00 pm; the clinical observation also obtain ed asimilar result. Conclusion: These results showed that lidocain alkalified solution had time-dependent of pharmacodynamics.

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Mutation

Objective To study the value of three dimensional contrast enhanced subtraction MRA (3D CES MRA) in the diagnosis of extremity musculoskeletal diseases. Methods Fifteen cases of extremity musculoskeletal diseases proved by operation and pathology were studied, including upper extremity ( n =5), lower extremity ( n =10), soft tissue and vascular lesions ( n =8), and skeletal lesions ( n =7). All examinations were performed with GE 1.5 T MRI scanner. Sagittal scout images were obtained by 2D FMPSPGR sequences. Before and after contrast enhancement, coronal 3D FSPGR sequence was performed in the same parameters within 32 seconds. The plain source images were subtracted by enhanced source images in the workstation. The subtracted images were processed by MIP technique, such method is so called 3D CES MRA. Results All lesions were demonstrated accurately by 3D CES MRA, including vascular lesions ( n =6), tumors in the soft tissue ( n =3), benign skeletal tumors ( n =1), and malignant skeletal tumors ( n =3). Compared with pathology, the diagnosing accuracy rate of 3D CES MRA was more than 90%. Conclusion 3D CES MRA is an advanced, safe, and noninvasive method in diagnosing extremity musculoskeletal diseases, further more, it can save time and resources. In general, 3D CES MRA has a great value in clinical application.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV-1)V3 loop amino acid mutations among AIDS patients in Shenzhen. Methods Fragments of HIV-1 env gene were amplified by RT-nested-polymerase chain reaction(PCR)from plasma of the AIDS patients in Shenzhen.The PCR products were then directly sequenced and the sequences were aligned,translated and analyzed. Results Sequence analysis showed that there were B and CRF01-AE HIV-1 subtypes in Shenzhen.The V3 loop terra peptide GPGQ accounted for about 48%,GPGR about 36%,other V3 loop terra peptide forms were 16%;the V3 loop central motif in the majority(76.9%)of the CRF01-AE strains was GPGQ,the majority(75%)of the B strains was GPGR.We also found some unusual terra peptide compositions:DQDR and DQGQ on the tip of V3 loop,some amino acid mutations at specific of V3 loop associated with SI phenotype were very common in AIDS patients(80%). Conclusions The V3 loop amino acid mutations were very common in AIDS patients,the V3 loop central motif in the majority was GPGQ and GPGR in Shenzhen,the mutations shows the change of HIV-1 phenotype and predicts that disease progress to AIDS.

AIM: To investigate the clinical value of fundus fluorescein angiography ( FFA ) and optical coherent tomography ( OCT) in the diagnosis of central retinal vein occlusion.
●METHODS:A total of 47 cases (47 eyes) central retinal vein occlusion were retrospectively analyzed from Jun. 2012 to Dec. 2015 in our hospital ophthalmology center. According to the final diagnosis, the results were divided into 21 cases of central retinal artery occlusion ( group CRAO, 21 eyes) and central retinal vein occlusion ( group CRVO, 26 eyes ) . All patients received FFA and OCT examination within 2wk of onset, and the image data of the two kinds of examination results were analyzed.
● RESULTS: Group of patients with CRAO average macular foveola thickness, angle measuring, filling time determination results were significantly lower than that of the patients with CRVO group average and the differences were significant (P<0. 05).
●CONCLUSION:FFA and OCT images of central retinal artery and vein occlusion have their own characteristics, and the combination of these two images can be used to identify and diagnose the central retinal artery and vein occlusion.

Objective To investigate application of multi-purpose urologic examining table in the lower ureter retrograde urography. Methods The performance of the multi-purpose urologic examining table was described, and 198 cases that applied this table for the lower ureter retrograde urography were reported. Results With 196 cases (99% ) succeed and 2 cases (1% ) defeat, this examining table enhanced achievement ratio of the lower ureter retrograde urography. Conclusion The multi-purpose urologic examining table has great superiority in the lower ureter retrograde urography, and can integrate ureter retrograde catheterization under cystoscope and contrast examination.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of the CHCl3 and EtOAc extracts from Artemisia frigida.Methods The chemical constituents in A.frigida.were isolated with silica gel and LH-20 chromatography and their structures were identified by means of spectra,in same cases by direct comparison with authentic samples.Results Thirteen compounds were obtained and identified as quercetin(Ⅰ),luteolin(Ⅱ),5,7,3'-triterhydroxy-4'-methoxy flavone(Ⅲ),5,7,3'-triterhydroxy-6,4'-dimethoxy flavone(Ⅳ),5,3'-dihydroxy-6,7,4'-tritermethoxy flavone(Ⅴ),5,3'-dihydroxy-3,6,7,4'-tetramethoxy flavone(Ⅵ),methyl phenol(Ⅶ),7-hydroxy coumarin(Ⅷ),7-methoxy coumarin(Ⅸ),caffeic acid(Ⅹ),?-sitosterol(Ⅺ),6,7-dihydroxy coumarin(ⅩⅡ),and 7-hydroxy-5,6-dimethoxy coumarin(ⅩⅢ).Conclusion All these compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of an oxaliplatin, fluorouracil (5 FU), and folinic acid (FA) combination in treatment of patients with metastatic or advanced gastric cancer,we used oxaliplatin 130 mg/m 2 (2 hour intravenous infusion,1 d)and FA 200 mg/m 2 (2 hour intravenous infusion,1 to 5 d) followed by 5 FU 500 mg/m 2 (4 hour continuous infusion,1 to 5 d) every 3 weeks. Efficacy of treatment was evaluated after 3 cycles and the responders were confirmed 4 weeks later. In 26 case evaluated, patial release was achieved in 11 cases, stablized in 9 cases, progressed in 6 cases. The overall response rate was 42.3%. The main adverse effects were gastrointestinal tract toxicity, neurosensory toxicity and bone marrow suppression. This trail suggested that the short term curative effect of this regimen was similar to those of others and showed good efficacy and an acceptable safety profile. It is a new option for the treatment of metastatic and advanced gastric cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of cholinesterase inhibitor on endotoxin-induced brain injury in rabbits.Methods Twenty-one healthy male rabbits were randomly assigned into three groups ( n ＝ 7each):group sham operation (group S),lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group and cholinesterase inhibitor (tacrine hydrochloride,THA) group.LPS 200 μg/kg was intracerebroventricularly injected in LPS group,LPS 200μg/kgand tacrine hydrochloride 150 μg/kg were injected in THA group,while same volume of normal saline was injected in S group.Then blood and tissue samples were collected in different groups after 4 hours.Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 activity of brain tissues was determined by using Western blot analysis.Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in plasma,cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissues were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The brain tissue's myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the ratio of wet to dry weight (W/D) were also analyzed.ResultsAs compared with S group,TNF-α level in plasma,cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissues,NF-κB p65 level,MPO activity and W/D ratio increased in LPS and THA groups (P < 0.05).When compared with LPS group,TNF-α level in plasma,cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissues,NF-κB p65 level,MPO activity and W/D ratio decreased in THA group ( P < 0.05 ).ConclusionCholinesterase inhibitor can attenuate the endotoxin-induced brain injury through inhibiting local inflammatory responses.

A simple, rapid and sensitive method was developed for the quantification of tenofovir in plasma of Beagle dogs using HPLC-MS/MS analysis. The analytes tenofovir and internal standard (IS) adefovir were separated on a Zorbax SB-C18 column (3.5 microm, 100 mm x 2.1 mm, Agilent, USA) with mobile phase of methanol/water containing 0.3% formic acid using a gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 0.2 mL x min(-1). The plasma sample preparation was a simple deproteinization by the addition of 20% trichloroacetic acid followed by centrifugation. The detection was performed in positive selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The reactions monitored were m/z 288.1-176.2 for tenofovir and m/z 274.1-162.2 for adefovir (IS). Linear detection responses were obtained for tenofovir ranging from 10 to 5 000 ng x mL(-1). The intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD%) was no more than 6.3% with high recovery and good stability for the quantification, indicating the present method was specific, fast, accurate and reliable. The method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of two tenofovir agents. Tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate (BP0018, test agent) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (reference agent) were orally administrated to 8 Beagle dogs according to the 2 x 2 crossover design. Comparing with the reference agent, the longer MRT and t1/2 were obtained in the group of BP0018, while no significant difference was observed in AUC(0-t), AUC(0-infinity), C(max) and t(max) between them, suggesting that tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate was bioequivalent to the tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in Beagle dogs.