BACKGROUND: In traditional Chinese medicine, both deficiency as primary and excess as secondary and deficiency of qi and blood stasis are common symptoms in dialectical logy of atherosclerosis (AS). Therefore, qi-benefiting drugs are the main component of qi-benefiting and blood-activating intervention. However, the best dose relationship between qi-benefiting and blood-activating drugs needs to be further studied.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of qi-benefiting and blood-activating intervention on the expression of aortic vascular cell adhesion molecule-1mRNA (VCAM-1mRNA) in AS models and analyze dose-effect relationship between astragalus and sanchi.DESIGN: Randomized control animal study.SETTING: Shanxi Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Shanxi Medical University in April 2005. A total of 60 healthy male Wistar rats were selected in this study. The main reagents were quercetin (Shaanxi Huike Plant Co., Ltd., batch number:20041112), saponins of panax notoginseng (PNS, Kunming Yagechen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., batch number:20050118) and ligustrazine (Yuxin Guoji Longyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., batch number: 20041204).METHODS: Model establishment: Wistar rats were administrated AS feeds (including 10% yolk powder, 5% lard, 0.5% bile salt and 85% basic feed) for 3 months. Grouping and administration: At threedays after suitability feeding, 8 rats were randomly selected, regarded as the normal control group and given general feeds, and other 52 rats were fed with AS feeds. Three months later, 4 rats were randomly selected for the measurements of lipid and aortic tissue. And then, the models were established successfully. In addition, 48 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. ① Astragalus treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.1 g/(kg·d) quercetin. ② Sanchi treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.1 g/(kg·d)PNS. ③ 2∶1 of astragalus/sanchi treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.1 g/(kg·d) quercetin and 0.05 g/(kg·d) PNS.④ 3∶1 of astragalus/sanchi treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.15 g/(kg·d) quercetin and 0.05 g/(kg·d) PNS. ⑤Ligustrazine treatment group: Rats were perfused with 0.2 g/(kg ·d) ligustrazine (Yuxin Guoji Longyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). ⑥ Normal control group: Rats were fed with general feeds. ⑦ Model group: Rats were fed with general feeds after successful model estalishement. Thirty days after administration, relative expression of VCAM-1mRNA inaorta was measured with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique; moreover, 2 mL venous blood was collected from tail to measure the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Relative expression of VCAM-1mRNA in aorta; ② level of lipid.RESULTS: Among 60 male Wistar rats, three rats in the treatment group died because of perfusion and two rats in the model group died due to accident; therefore, a total of 51 rats were involved in the final analysis. ① High-lipid diet could promote the formation of AS models. Level of lipid was higher in the model group than that in the normal control group (P＜ 0.05), and leves of serum TC, TG and LDL-C were lower in the interventions group than those in the model group (P ＜0.05). ② Expression of VCAM-1mRNA was not found in the normal control group. Expression of VCAM-1mRNA was lower in the intervention groups than that in the model group. Expression of VCAM-1mRNA (0.42±0.02) was the lowest in 3∶1 of astragalus/sanchi treatment group, and there were significant differences as compared with other intervention groups (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Astragalus and sanchi, a main component of qi-benefiting and blood-activating herbs, can down-regulate the level of lipid and resist AS; meanwhile, the combination of them is superior to the single application; in addition, with the increasing deal of qi-benefiting drugs, the function against AS is strengthened.

It mainly discusses the therapy of kidney edema on“Shanghan Lun”,which is caused by nephritis,nephrotic syndrome and renal failure.In addition to the manifestation and therapeutic principle of edema,the implication of some herbs combination is also described in detail.Meanwhile,some viewpionts are strengthened with concepts of modern medicine.In conclusion,Zhang Zhongjing puts importance on the etiology,pathogenesis of disease when treating edema.Therefore,ascending and discending Qi is highlightened as the general principle during the treatment of kidney edema.

One hundred and fifty cases of gouty arthritis were divided into two groups.Treatment group(85 cases) were treated with Tong Feng lotion and control group(65 cases)with external application of Voltaren. Results indicated that Tong Feng lotion could improve clinical symptoms and function of joints, and decrease blood sedimentation,reaction protien C,blood uric acid and blood viscosity; the total effective rate was 89.42% in the treatment group and 75.38% in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05); there was no obvious relation between therapeutic effects and TCM syndrome types.

Objective To study the effects of skeleton musclular relaxation on nerve conduction and regeneration. Methods Musclocontaneous nerve injury model was established in 96 mice and the animals were divided into skeleton muscle relaxation, skeleton muscle relaxation and neurotrophic drugs, neurotrophic drugs and control group. Nerve conduction and regeneration were evaluated by electromyography; muscle weight and counting of distal regenerated myelinated nerve fibers. Results The velocity of nerve conduction and regeneration in skeletal muscle group was the same as that in skeleton muscle relaxation and neurotrophic group, and higher than that in control group. Conclusion Skeleton muscle can enhance nerve conduction and regeneration.

0.05); and there was no significant difference between two groups in variance of renal function 24h after lobectomy. Conclusion WT LCVP is able to obviously reduce patients' blood loss and blood transfusion in lobectomy of liver under ventroscope and has no significant effects on renal function.

This article explores the teaching methods of laparosopic operation training of the begnners. In teaching emphasis should be put on the accumulation of the learners'operation experience,the study of the relative theory,the simulative training and the relative practice.

Objective To compare the clinical effect for treatment of scapula neck or body fractures by straight incision approach and the Judet approach.Methods From July 2001 to July 2011,32 patients with scapula neck or body fractures were treated using the two different approaches:(1) the straight incision approach in 15 patients including 11 males and 4 females,the average age of 38.10 years,fractures classified by Ada-Miller including 4 ⅡA,6 ⅡB and 5 Ⅳ; (2) the Judet approach in 17 patients including 12 males and 5 females,the average age of 39.47 years,fractures classified by Ada-Miller including 5 ⅡA,4 ⅡB and 8 Ⅳ.All patients were followed up.Intraoperative data and postoperative pain of two groups were compared by visual analogue score (VAS),the efficacy were evaluated by Rowe-Zarins scores and the patient's postoperative shoulder function were assessed by Constant-Murley functional score.Results All fractures were preliminary healed after 8 weeks of surgery,there was no wound infection,no internal fixation loosening,no shoulder deformity and other complication.Length of incision,operative time and blood loss of straight incision approach was 6.73±0.96 cm,58.67±4.39 min,94.25±6.14 ml and length of incision,operative time and blood loss of Judet approach was 18.88±1.41 cm,82.24±4.49 min,227.77±23.08 ml.VAS of straight incision approach and Judet approach were 2.60±1.55 and 4.65±1.93,mild and moderate postoperative pain evaluated by VAS were significant differences between two groups.The excellent rate by Rowe-Zarins scores of straight incision approach and Judet approach were 93.3％(14/15) and 88.2％(15/17),they were no significant differences.There was no significant differences in the shoulder joint mobility and muscle strength of Constant-Murley functional score between two groups.However,pain and daily life of Constant-Murley functional score were significant differences between two groups and Constant-Murley functional score of straight incision approach and Judet approach were 85.60±3.31 and 80.65±3.44.Conclusion Compared with Judet approach,straight in cision approach has many advantages,such as a short time of surgery,minor injury,light postoperative pain,good postoperative functional recovery.It is the better surgical approach for the treatment of scapular fractures.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the stability of 0.5% glutaraldehyde solution. METHODS: Classic constant temperature accelerated test method and sample observation method were applied with the content of glutaraldehyde as index. The content of glutaraldehyde was determined by titration which was determined by titration. RESULTS: The content change of 0.5% glutaraldehyde solution was in line with the first order kinetics, and the results of both methods were similar. The validity duration of 0.5% glutaraldehyde solution was 85.7 days at room temperature (25 ℃). CONCLUSION: 0.5% glutaraldehyde solution should be used up as soon as possible and the perfect time is less than 2 week.

Objective To explore the effect of meditation training on postoperative pain, anxiety and reduce the incidence of constipation in patients with lower limb fracture. Methods The enrolled 106 patients with lower extremity fractures were randomly divided into the observation group and control group 53 cases respectively according to the odd even method. The control group was implemented with fracture surgery routine care, while the observation group was implemented with meditation training on the basis of the control group, the two groups were compared by postoperative pain score, anxiety, constipation, and satisfaction. Results Before intervention, the postoperative pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores and anxiety scores of the two groups were not significantly different (P>0.05). After intervention, the postoperative pain scores of observation group and control group were (2.06 ± 0.85) points and (4.15 ± 0.62) points respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.103, P <0.05). The anxiety scores of observation group and control group were (28.95 ± 3.83) points and (56.13 ± 3.52) points respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t= 2.353, P < 0.05). The first defecation time and the cases number of observation group patients were as follows:day 1st:20.75%(11/53), day 2nd: 52.83% (28/53), day 3rd: 18.87% (10/53), day 4th: 7.55% (4/53). While the data of the control group were day 1st: 1.89% (1/53), day 2nd: 26.42% (14/53), day 3rd 37.74% (20/53), day 4th:33.96%(18/53), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=4.022-5.629, P<0.05). The satisfaction of observation group and control group patients were 94.34%(50/53), 77.36%(41/53) respectively, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.543, P < 0.05). Conclusions Meditation training can effectively reduce postoperative pain, reduce the incidence of anxiety and constipation, and improve the satisfaction of patients to nursing service, and promote the recovery of patients after surgery.

Objective To study the protective effect of Shenkang injection on peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) mice, and explore the possible mechanism. Methods Forty ICR mice were randomly divided into blank control (A) group, peritoneal dialysis (B) group, low dose of Shenkang (C) group ( 2.5%dialysate+5 mL/kg Shenkang injection), medium (D) group (2.5% dialysate+10 mL/kg Shenkang injection) and high (E) group (2.5% dialysate+ 20 mL/kg Shenkang injection). Mice were observed for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride and C-reactive protein (CRP) were detected by biochemical assay. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) levels of serum and dialysate were detected by ELISA. Pathological changes of peritoneal tissue were observed by HE staining. Expression and mRNA transcription levels of these four cytokines in the peritoneal tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining and real-time PCR respectively. Results There were no significant differences in body weight, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride between 5 groups of mice (P>0.05). Compared with group B, there was no significant difference in CRP level between group C and group E, but which was significantly decreased in group D (P<0.05). The serum and dialysate levels of TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF and CTGF were decreased in group C and group D. The serum and dialysate levels of TNF-αand TGF-β1 were significantly increased in group E (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between VEGF and CTGF in group E. Compared with group E, except for CTGF in dialysate of group C, the serum and dialysate levels of TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF and CTGF were significant decreased in group C and group D (P<0.05). Damaged PMCs were found in group B, which were improved in various degrees in group C, group D and group E. Compared with group B, the protein expression and mRNA relative transcription levels of TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF and CTGF tended to decrease gradually in group C, group D and group E (P<0.05). Conclusion A certain concentration of Shenkang injection can protect PMCs by inhibiting the expression of TNF-α, TGF-β1, VEGF and CTGF in CAPD mice, so as to control the occurrence and development of peritoneal fibrosis.