Objective To study the effects of skeleton musclular relaxation on nerve conduction and regeneration. Methods Musclocontaneous nerve injury model was established in 96 mice and the animals were divided into skeleton muscle relaxation, skeleton muscle relaxation and neurotrophic drugs, neurotrophic drugs and control group. Nerve conduction and regeneration were evaluated by electromyography; muscle weight and counting of distal regenerated myelinated nerve fibers. Results The velocity of nerve conduction and regeneration in skeletal muscle group was the same as that in skeleton muscle relaxation and neurotrophic group, and higher than that in control group. Conclusion Skeleton muscle can enhance nerve conduction and regeneration.

Objective　To study the radiographic findings in the diagnosis of pulmonary lymphoma and pseudolymphoma. Methods　Eight patients with pulmonary lymphoma and 2 with pseudolymphoma were examined by X-ray film, tomography, and CT. Results　Single or multiple nodules or masses were observed in 8 patients with pulmonary lymphoma, shaggy borders or halo of ground-glass attenuation in 7 patients, 2 patients had multiple patchy infiltrates bilaterally, 2 had diffuse interstitial infiltrates and 1 had miliary nodules. Multiple consolidations with air bronchogram and without hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy were observed in 2 patients with pulmonary pseudolymphoma. Conclusion　Radiographic findings of pulmonary lymphoma were varied, the most common findings were the nodules or masses with shaggy borders or halo of ground-glass attenuation. The specific findings of pulmonary pseudolymphoma were multiple consolidations with air bronchogram and without hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The final diagnosis relied on pathology.

Objective To study the immuno-regulatory roles of antibiotics and their implication for pulmonary fibrosis.Methods The regulatory roles of antibiotics on the phenotypes of dendrite cells(DCs) and maturation of B lymphocytes in vitro were detected with flow cytometry.The roles of nystatin on pulmonary fibrosis in vivo were determined with bleomycin-induced acute injury model of mouse.Results Multiple antibiotics including nystatin apparently promoted the maturation of DCs and B cells,as well as subsequently promoted the polarization of Th2 cells through DCs.In addition,nystatin intensified bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.Conclusion Multiple antibiotics including nystatin induce suppressive immune responses and might aggravate pulmonary fibrosis like nystatin.

Objective To compare the survival of Schwann cells and the effects of induce axon regeneration after peripheral nerve grafted into spinal cord Methods A total of 30 adult,female Wistar rats were used in this study,and a 5 mm cord defect of the left lateral column was made at T 1 3 vertebral level The defect was grafted randomly using vascularized (group VN) or free peripheral nerve (group PN) respectively 8 weeks after surgery,the survival and proliferation of Schwann cells were assessed by histological,histomorphometric analysis Results In group VN,peripheral nerve segment was well innervated,plenty of Schwann cells were survived and proliferated In this group,anti NF,S 100 positives fibers were significantly greater than group PN Conclusion The vascularized peripheral nerve could prompt the survival and proliferation of Schwann cells and support the regeneration of central injured axons to certain degrees

Objective To investigate the clinical and epidemiologic features of infection in patients with lupus nephritis (LN). Methods The incidence, sites and pathogen species of infection 1 year after diagnosis in 189 patients with LN were retrospectively analyzed, and the relationships between the clinical, histological types, treatment programs and infection were analyzed. Results Among 189 LN patients (16 males and 173 females), 97 patients had infection (infection group), and 92 patients had not infection (non-infection group). The incidence of infection was 51.3% (97/189), while the incidence of nosocomial infection was 39.7%(75/189). In infection group, the patients had 133 infection episodes, and the principal infection sites were lung and urinary tract system, accounting for 67.7% (90/133); the principal pathogen was bacteria, accounting for 72.9%(97/133), and the second was virus, accounting for 17.3% (23/133). Different clinical or pathological types and treatment options of LN had different infection rates, but there were no statistical differences (P>0.05). The incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with glucocorticoid + cyclophosphamide double impact was significantly higher than that in patients treated with glucocorticoid + mycophenolate mofetil: 52.9% (45/85) vs. 7.7% (2/26), and there was statistical difference (P<0.01). One year after diagnosis, the mortality in infection group was significantly higher than that in non-infection group:8.2%(8/97) vs. 1.1%(1/92), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusions The more serious the clinical and pathological types, the higher the incidence of infection. The incidence of infection is associated with the treatment options. Infection is still the most important reason for LN patients′death.

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol on invasiveness of human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells.Methods Human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 were seeded in culture plates.After being cultured for 24 h,the cells were randomly divided into 5 groups(n =12 each):control group (group C),intralipid group (group Ⅰ),4 μg/ml propofol group (group P1),8 μg/ml propofol group (group P2) and 16μg/ml propofol group (group P3).The cells were treated with 10％ intralipid and 4,8 and 16 μg/ml propofol for 24 h in I and P1-3 groups,respectively.The cells were then cultured for another 24 h.The migration of cells was determined by cell scratch test.The invasion of cells was determined by Transwell invasion assay.The expression of RhoA and ROCK1 was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the cell migration and invasion were significantly decreased,and the expression of RhoA and ROCK1 was down-regulated in P1-3 groups,and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group Ⅰ.With the increasing concentrations of propofol,the cell migration and invasion were gradually decreased,and the expression of RhoA and ROCK1 was gradually down-regulated in P1-3 groups.Conclusion Propofol can inhibit the invasiveness of human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells cultured in vitro dose-dependently and inhibition of RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To evaluate the role of interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) in renal fibrosis following renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice.Methods Twelve male wild type BALB/C mice and 12 IL-4Rα gene-knockout mice,aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 20-30 g,were used in the study.The mice of either type were divided into 2 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S) and group I/R.In group I/R,renal I/R was induced by occlusion of the right renal artery for 1 h with atraumatic microclips followed by 2 weeks of reperfusion.The right renal artery was only isolated in group S.At 2 weeks of reperfusion,blood samples were taken from the orbital vein for determination of the concentrations of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr).The renal tissues were obtained,and the renal fibrosis area was measured by Sirius Red staining.The expression of fibronectin (FN),collagen Ⅰ (COL-Ⅰ) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in renal tissues was detected by immunofluorescence.The expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) and phospho-STAT6 in renal tissues was determined by Western blot.The ratio of phoshop-STAT6 to STAT6 was calculated to reflect the phosphorylation of STAT6.Results Compared with group S of wild type mice,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations and renal fibrosis area were significantly increased,the expression of FN,COL-Ⅰ and α-SMA in renal tissues was significantly up-regulated,and the phosphorylation of STAT6 in renal tissues was significantly increased in group I/R of wild type and IL-4Rα KO mice (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/R of wild type mice,the serum BUN and Cr concentrations and renal fibrosis area were significantly decreased,the expression of FN,COL-Ⅰ and α-SMA in renal tissues was significantly down-regulated,and the phosphorylation of STAT6 in renal tissues was significantly decreased in group I/R of IL-4RαKO mice (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism of renal fibrosis following renal I/R injury is partially related to IL-4R,and IL-4R results in renal fibrosis through promoting activation of STAT6 signaling pathway in mice.

Objective To develop a new scoring system,Daping orthopedics operation risk scoring system for senile patient(DORSSSP),for preoperative evaluation of operative risks in the elderly patients with hip fractures based on acute physiology and chronic health evaluation(APACHE)Ⅱ scoring system and physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM)and compare the new scoring system with APACHE Ⅱ and POSSUM in assessing surgical risks and predicting postoperative complications and mortalities.Methods A total of 260 patients with hip fractures treated in our department in recent five years were retrospectively and respectively evaluated with DORSSSP,POSSUM,progressed POSSUM(P-POSSUM)and APACHE Ⅱ scoring system to compare the value of three scoring systems in preoperative evaluation of operative risks and prediction of postoperative mortality and complications.Results POSSUM and DORSSSP predicted complications in 119 and 92 patients respectively,while the actual complication occurred in 84 patients.The prediction value of POSSUM was significantly higher than the actual value,while the prediction value of DORSSSP showed no statistical difference compared with the actual value.POSSUM,P-POSSUM and APACHEⅡ scoring systems predicted 16,10 and 12 deaths respectively,but there were six deaths in fact,with prediction value obviously higher than the actual value.DORSSSP predicted nine deaths,the closest value to the actual.Conclusions DORSSSP has good correlation with postoperative complications and mortalities.Compared with POSSUM and APACHE Ⅱ scoring system,more simple and practicable DORSSSP can more accurately evaluate the preoperative risks and predict the postoperative complications and mortalities in the elderly patients with hip fractures.

Objective To compare the clinical effect for treatment of scapula neck or body fractures by straight incision approach and the Judet approach.Methods From July 2001 to July 2011,32 patients with scapula neck or body fractures were treated using the two different approaches:(1) the straight incision approach in 15 patients including 11 males and 4 females,the average age of 38.10 years,fractures classified by Ada-Miller including 4 ⅡA,6 ⅡB and 5 Ⅳ; (2) the Judet approach in 17 patients including 12 males and 5 females,the average age of 39.47 years,fractures classified by Ada-Miller including 5 ⅡA,4 ⅡB and 8 Ⅳ.All patients were followed up.Intraoperative data and postoperative pain of two groups were compared by visual analogue score (VAS),the efficacy were evaluated by Rowe-Zarins scores and the patient's postoperative shoulder function were assessed by Constant-Murley functional score.Results All fractures were preliminary healed after 8 weeks of surgery,there was no wound infection,no internal fixation loosening,no shoulder deformity and other complication.Length of incision,operative time and blood loss of straight incision approach was 6.73±0.96 cm,58.67±4.39 min,94.25±6.14 ml and length of incision,operative time and blood loss of Judet approach was 18.88±1.41 cm,82.24±4.49 min,227.77±23.08 ml.VAS of straight incision approach and Judet approach were 2.60±1.55 and 4.65±1.93,mild and moderate postoperative pain evaluated by VAS were significant differences between two groups.The excellent rate by Rowe-Zarins scores of straight incision approach and Judet approach were 93.3％(14/15) and 88.2％(15/17),they were no significant differences.There was no significant differences in the shoulder joint mobility and muscle strength of Constant-Murley functional score between two groups.However,pain and daily life of Constant-Murley functional score were significant differences between two groups and Constant-Murley functional score of straight incision approach and Judet approach were 85.60±3.31 and 80.65±3.44.Conclusion Compared with Judet approach,straight in cision approach has many advantages,such as a short time of surgery,minor injury,light postoperative pain,good postoperative functional recovery.It is the better surgical approach for the treatment of scapular fractures.

BACKGROUND:Recent studies indicate that osteolysis surrounding prosthesis is the main reason causing artificial joint loosening.The reason and development process of osteolysis surrounding prosthesis are not fully understood.OBJECTIVE:To observe the pathological changes of limiting membrane surrounding sterile loosened prosthesis of artificial hip ioint and compare that with cicatricial tissue surrounding internal fixation.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Histological observation was done at The Second Hospital of Soochow University between September 2000 and December 2005.PARTICIPANTS:Limiting membrane surrounding prosthesis of eight artificial hip joints overhauled for loosening were removed during operation for pathological examination.METHODS:Specimens were fixed with 10%formaldehyde solution and embedded with paraffin,and were cut into sections,the sections were stained by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemistry staining.The specimens were done bacterial culture.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Histopathological changes.RESULTS:Wear particles,cellular proliferation and osteolytic factors were found in the limiting membrane surrounding loosening prosthesis.The bacterial culture results of the specimens were negative.CONCLUSION:Wear particles generated in the using process of prosthesis can activate osteolytic factors produced by inflammatory cells and is an important reason leading to sterile loosening of prosthesis.