Objective To further study the mechanism of maternal fetal immune tolerance Methods Chorioplacental tissues were obtained from different gestation stages of normal pregnancy Immuno histochemistry was used to investigate the expression of Fas Ligand (FasL) on the surfaces of human cytotrophoblasts Highly precise color image measure system for immuno histochemistry was used for quantitative analysis Results FasL were expressed on the surfaces of placental cytotrophoblasts throughout normal pregnancy FasL staining areas on cytotrophoblasts of the first trimester, second trimester and term were (91410?8328) ?m 2, (101 322?11 480) ?m 2 and (97461?10517) ?m 2 respectively; Average brightness FasL staining were 0 227?0 032 5, 0 261? 0 021, 0 145? 0 015; and integral brightness were 21 391? 4 636, 25 993? 6 231, 18 588? 3 897 respectively The differences among the first, second and term pregnancy stages were significant Conclusions Like many immune privileged sites, the maternal specific fas + T cell apoptosis induced by FasL on the maternal fetal interface might be one of the significant mechanisms of maternal fetal immune tolerance The expression of FasL on the surfaces of placental cytotrophoblasts plays an important role both in the maintenance of pregnancy and in the normal development of fetus

Objective To study the immunol pathological mechanism of PIH through the expressron of FasL of placental trophoblasts. Methods Immuno histochemistry were used to detect the expression of FasL of placental trophoblasts on moderate and severe PIH patients, HPIS was used to determine the quantity of FasL. The expression of PIH group was compared with that of the normal control group. Result The scale of FasL expression on PIH group (69.628 ?19.103 ?m 2 ) was significantly lower than that of control group(97.461?10.517 ?m 2), P

Objective To explore the effective procedures and practices to solve the ethical dilemma of nursing, and to building nursing ethics decision path. Methods Using inductive-deductive method, summarize predecessors′ research on nursing ethics mode and decision-making process, and establish nursing ethical decisions paths, then display the application based on clinical case. Results Six-steps-Nursing ethics decision path was established, and tested. Conclusions Pay attention to strengthen the cultivation of nurses nursing ethics accomplishment and ability of the decision.

Objective To evaluate the cause which leads to the allelic dropouts at D8S1179 locus while performing paternity testing with the AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus kit. Methods A singleplex amplification system for D8S1179 locus (GenBank Accession No. G08710) was used to verify the typing results by using the AmpFlSTR?Profiler plus kit. Dropout alleles were then sequenced. Results G to A transition was identified at the position of the 147th base of the GenBank sequence. The frequency of the G to A transition among the Chinese population was 0.50 X 10"2 (10 out of 2013 unrelated individuals). Conclusion The G to A transition may be located at the binding site of one of the primers of the AmpFlSTR?Profiler Plus kit. It is suggested that the G to A transition might be the cause of the allelic dropout at the D8S1179 locus.

Objective To screen the microsatellites with low occurrence rate of stutter band and establish the effective bovine STR typing system.Methods The tetranucleotide STR loci in bovine genome were searched with Tandem Repeat Finder software.Primers were designed and used to amplify these candidate loci and the PCR products were separated with electrophoresis.DNA samples from 100 head of unrelated cattle were typed.Results Among these candidate loci,6 bovine tetranucleotide STR loci showed high polymorphism,and their CDP and CPE value were 0.99995 and 0.859591 respectively.Conclusion The 6 bovine tetranucleotide STR loci can be used for bovine identification and parentage testing.

Writing behavior is affected by many factors and depends on the functional integrity of the nervous system. Its neuropsychological mechanism remains unknown. The agraphic features involving different parts of brain damage are dissimilar. The neuroanatomic location of agraphia and its possible brain mechanism are reviewed.

Objective To investigate the present situation and reasons of emergency department overcrowding, and put forward effective mitigation strategy. Methods By using input-throughput-outputmodel and choosing the method of fishbone diagram analysis, detaily analysis factors of emergency department overcrowding, then implement three- dimensional intervention in hospital, department, personal. Results Patients who stay>48 h in the emergency department(ED) decreased from 11.9％(15225/127941) to 5.3％(7245/136698); patients who stay > 6 h in the Frist Aid Room of ED decreased from 54.6％(3016/5526)to 17.8％(987/5526), both have statistically significant (χ2=3705.04, χ2=1186.32, P<0.01);before the intervention the National ED Overcrowding Study (NEDOCS) index at 0900, 1300, 2100, 0100 was 234.22 ± 62.31, 253.55 ± 59.26, 303.73 ± 160.24, 187.36 ± 25.73; after the intervention the degree of crowdedness of ED at this four points of time was significantly alleviated, NEDOCS index was 193.09 ± 31.87, 187.09 ± 22.65, 187.36 ± 25.73, 154.03 ± 21.56;there were significant differences between the two groups before and after the intervention (t=2.35-4.32, P<0.05). Conclusions To study and discuss the reasons of emergency department overcrowding, it can effectively relieve the happening of emergency department overcrowding through comprehensive intervention measures such as improve the environment, optimize the process, strengthen emergency medical personnel training and management, improve the service level hospital auxiliary support system.

Objective:To study the contents and determinate method of Sanggenon C of Cortex Mori in different sources.Methods:Sanggenon C was determined by HPLC. The mobile phase was methanol water(75∶25). Detection wavelength was at 280nm.Results:The average recovery was 96.94% with RSD = 1.72% and the linear range was 0.32～4.80?g. The highest content of Sanggenon C was 0.55% and the lowest content was 0.02% from different producing area. Conclusion: The method is accurate and reliable with good reproducibility.

Objective To study the validation of fluorescent multiplex microsatellite amplification technique for use in the caseworks of umbilical blood cell transplantation monitor. Methods Six post-transplant recipients of umbilical cord blood cell transplantation were monitored by analyzing microsatellite DNA loci. DNA samples were amplified using a fluorescent labeling primers multiplex amplification system of 15 microsatellites markers, followed by typing on a DNA automated sequencer. Recipients' or donors' microsatellites DNA profiles were compared before and after transplantation. Results All recipients and donors exhibited different DNA profiles. Without reference samples of pre-transplant or donors, the changes of the 15 microsetellites genotypes of the post-transplant recipients still could be analyzed. The recipient type turned to donor type was observed over time. Conclusion Under the condition of using multiplex amplification of the 15 microsatellites to monitor the umbilical blood cell transplantation, reference sample of pre-transplant or donor did not need to be detected simultaneously.

Objective To investigate the effect of ketamine on the delayed rectifier outward potassium currents (IK) using whole-cell patch clamp technique. Methods Pyramidal neurons were enzymatically isolated from Wistar rat hippocampus. The effect of ketamine on the IK was assessed using whole-cell patch clamp technique. We measured the amplitude of the delayed outward rectifier IK by activating depolarizing pulse from -50 mV to 40 mV. Different concentrations of ketamine were added and potassium currents were measured. Results IK was inhibited by ketamine in a concentration-dependent manner. The five concentrations of ketamine (10, 30, 100, 300, 1000 ?mol/L) reduced peak IK currents by (10 ? 4)% , (19?4)%, (31 ?5)%, (50?7)%, (54?8) % respectively, with a mean IC50 of (100?18)?mol/L and Hill coefficient of 1.33?0.48. The V1/2 of activation curve was shifted from (1.82 ? 0.20) mV to (9.30 ? 1.03) mV (n = 8, P