Traditional Chinese medicine formula (TCMF) represents a fundamental component of Chinese medical practice, incorporating medical knowledge and practices from both Han Chinese and various ethnic minorities, while providing comprehensive insights into health and disease. The foundation of TCMF lies in its holistic approach, manifested through herbal compatibility theory, which has emerged from extensive clinical experience and evolved into a highly refined knowledge system. Within this framework, Chinese herbal medicines exhibit intricated characteristics, including multi-component interactions, diverse target sites, and varied biological pathways. These complexities pose significant challenges for understanding their molecular mechanisms. Contemporary advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are reshaping research in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), offering immense potential to transform our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying TCMFs. This review explores the application of AI in uncovering these mechanisms, highlighting its role in compound absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) prediction, molecular target identification, compound and target synergy recognition, pharmacological mechanisms exploration, and herbal formula optimization. Furthermore, the review discusses the challenges and opportunities in AI-assisted research on TCMF molecular mechanisms, promoting the modernization and globalization of TCM.
Artificial Intelligence ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacokinetics* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Animals

Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

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BACKGROUND: In China, lung cancer remains the cancer with the highest incidence and mortality rate. Among early-stage lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD), the micropapillary (MPP) component is prevalent and typically exhibits high aggressiveness, significantly correlating with early metastasis, lymphatic infiltration, and reduced five-year survival rates. Therefore, the study is to explore the similarities and differences between MPP and non-micropapillary (non-MPP) components in malignant pulmonary nodules characterized by GGOs in early-stage LUAD, identify unique mutational features of the MPP component and analyze the relationship between the ZNF469 gene, a member of the zinc-finger protein family, and the prognosis of early-stage LUAD, as well as its correlation with immune infiltration. METHODS: A total of 31 malignant pulmonary nodules of LUAD were collected and dissected into paired MPP and non-MPP components using microdissection. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the components of early-stage malignant pulmonary nodules. Mutational signatures analysis was conducted using R packages such as maftools, Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF), and Sigminer to unveil the genomic mutational characteristics unique to MPP components in invasive LUAD compared to other tumor tissues. Furthermore, we explored the expression of the ZNF469 gene in LUAD using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to investigate its potential association with the prognosis. We also investigated gene interaction networks and signaling pathways related to ZNF469 in LUAD using the GeneMANIA database and conducted Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Lastly, we analyzed the correlation between ZNF469 gene expression and levels of immune cell infiltration in LUAD using the TIMER and TISIDB databases. RESULTS: MPP components exhibited a higher number of genomic variations, particularly the 13th COSMIC (Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer) mutational signature characterized by the activity of the cytidine deaminase APOBEC family, which was unique to MPP components compared to non-MPP components in tumor tissues. This suggests the potential involvement of APOBEC in the progression of MPP components in early-stage LUAD. Additionally, MPP samples with high similarity to APOBEC signature displayed a higher tumor mutational burden (TMB), indicating that these patients may be more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. The expression of ZNF469 was significantly upregulated in LUAD compared to normal tissue, and was associated with poor prognosis in LUAD patients (P<0.05). Gene interaction network analysis and GO/KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that COL6A1, COL1A1, COL1A2, TGFB2, MMP2, COL8A2 and C2CD4C interacted with ZNF469 and were mainly involved in encoding collagen proteins and participating in the constitution of extracellular matrix. ZNF469 expression was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration in LUAD (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study has unveiled distinctive mutational signatures in the MPP components of early-stage invasive LUAD in the Asian population. Furthermore, we have identified that the elevated expression of mutated ZNF469 impacts the prognosis and immune infiltration in LUAD, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in LUAD.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics* ; China ; Prognosis ; Transcription Factors

Odontoma is a hamartoma or developmental malformation of dental tissues and often causes delayed or im-pacted permanent teeth.This paper reports a case of surgical removal of an odontoma that is closely attached to the labial bone plait and examines the extraction of accompanying high-impacted maxillary canine beside the nose and maxillary sinus.Digital technology was used in reconstructing a part of a patient's maxilla,odontoma,related teeth,and other adja-cent anatomical structures,accurately determine the lesion boundary,and design an optimal surgical plan.The minimally invasive extraction of lesions and embedded teeth with a double-fenestration technique through the upper and lower paths not only preserved the continuity of the labial alveolar bone plate in the operative area and prevented postoperative bone collapse but also reduced the risk of maxillary sinus mucosal injury and perforation,improved surgical efficiency,and reduced the surgical trauma.These features were in line with the concept of minimally invasive alveolar surgery.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in rehabilitation therapists.Methods:In September 2023, the computer searched Chinese and English databases such as CNKI database, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase database, etc. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to September 2023. Musculoskeletal disorders, rehabilitation therapists were selected as search terms, and the author, publication time, prevalence rate, and study type were analyzed. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) tool and The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Stata 15.0 software was used for meta-analysis.Results:A total of 28 literatures were included, including 8039 rehabilitation therapists. Meta-analysis showed that the overall prevalence rate of WMSDs among rehabilitation therapists was 72% (95% CI: 64%-80%). The top 3 annual prevalence rates were lower back (51%, 95% CI: 38%-64%), neck (42%, 95% CI: 30%-54%) and shoulder (32%, 95% CI: 23%-41%). The top 3 weekly prevalence rates were lower back (47%, 95% CI: 28%-65%), neck (35%, 95% CI: 14%-55%) and back (30%, 95% CI: 17%-44%) . Conclusion:The higher prevalence of WMSDs in rehabilitation therapists, especially in the lower back, neck, shoulder and back, may be related to the prolonged stouching posture and the continuous or repeated exertion of the upper limbs.

Objective To investigate the correlation between interleukin 1β gene-511C/T polymorphism of and essential hypertension in the Yi ethnic group of Yunnan province.Methods-511C/T polymorphism of interleukin 1β gene was detected by PCR-RFLP in 85 Yi patients with essential hypertension(EH group)and 106 Yi healthy people(control group)in Shuanghe Township,Jinning County,Yunnan Province.Genotype and allele frequencies were analyzed by SPSS 27.0 software,and association analysis was performed.Results The frequency distribution of CC,CT and TT genotypes at the mutation site 511 of the IL-1βgene in EH group was 18.82%,44.71%and 36.47%,respectively,and it was 5.66%,26.42%and 67.92%in the control group.The difference in genotype frequency between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The allele frequency of C and T in EH group was 41.18%and 58.82%,respectively,and the allele frequency of C and T in control group was 18.87%and 81.13%.The frequency difference of alleles between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Both genotype frequency and allele frequency found in males and females had statistical differences(P＜0.05).Conclusions The distribution of IL-1β gene-511C/T polymorphism is related to the incident of essential hyper-tension among the Yi ethnic group Yunnan Province,and is the susceptibility gene of the Yi ethnic group to essen-tial hypertension.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in rehabilitation therapists.Methods:In September 2023, the computer searched Chinese and English databases such as CNKI database, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase database, etc. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to September 2023. Musculoskeletal disorders, rehabilitation therapists were selected as search terms, and the author, publication time, prevalence rate, and study type were analyzed. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) tool and The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Stata 15.0 software was used for meta-analysis.Results:A total of 28 literatures were included, including 8039 rehabilitation therapists. Meta-analysis showed that the overall prevalence rate of WMSDs among rehabilitation therapists was 72% (95% CI: 64%-80%). The top 3 annual prevalence rates were lower back (51%, 95% CI: 38%-64%), neck (42%, 95% CI: 30%-54%) and shoulder (32%, 95% CI: 23%-41%). The top 3 weekly prevalence rates were lower back (47%, 95% CI: 28%-65%), neck (35%, 95% CI: 14%-55%) and back (30%, 95% CI: 17%-44%) . Conclusion:The higher prevalence of WMSDs in rehabilitation therapists, especially in the lower back, neck, shoulder and back, may be related to the prolonged stouching posture and the continuous or repeated exertion of the upper limbs.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the elderly worldwide and is characterized by degeneration of the photoreceptor, retinal pigment epithelium, Bruch membrane and choriocapillaris complex.Impairment of RPE cell function is an early and critical event in the molecular pathways leading to clinically relevant AMD changes.Programmed cell death (PCD) plays an important role in response to stress and regulation of homeostasis and disease.In recent years, multiple studies have shown that apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis are likely involved in RPE cell PCD and correlate with the onset and development of AMD.There may be interaction or synergy between the various death pathways.This article reviewed the pathogenic mechanism of apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cell and their research progress in AMD, which might provide new approaches for the prevention and treatment of AMD.