Objective ERP research has always been the hot spot of the n~ve electrophysiology research.A gTowing body of research suggests that ERP can effectively reflect the cognitive function in patients with depression,evaluate the risk of suicide.This paper reviews the ERP related components with depression and related research.On the basis of the application of ERP in the depression research discusses limitations and prospects on the later development.Methods The articles were retrievaled from databases,such as P UBMED,Foreign medical information resources retrieval platform,CNKI,Wanfang database,ect,from 2013-06 to 2015-01.Index strategy TI:TI:[depression OR affective disorder] AND [suicide OR suicidal] All field:event related potential.Reading and narrowing the scope of the articles,we should understand the experimental design,such as Sample company have suicidal ideation and (or) behavior of patients with depression.Potential induced way,ERP related component detection method,etc.The articles included 43 in English and 15 in Chinese.Read the full text and retain nearly five years about depression and related literature.Results Eventually,the article includes 34 articles and 3 of in Chinese.Conclusion Associated with suicidal ideation and (or) behavior of the existing cognitive dysfunction in patients with depression,ERP related components such as:abnormal P300 and CNV,MMN.N400 have not found abnormal.This article only from the Angle of depression and related research are reviewed in this paper the characteristics of ERP,ERP of other mental illnesses among related research,and to be perfect in the future.

Objective Recent years,epigenetics research mainly focused on DNA methylation.A growing body of research indicated that DNA methylation may play vital role in etiology of affective disorder.With brief introduction of DNA methylation molecular mechanisms and relevance of DNA methylation to affective disorder,this review focuses on some supporting evidence which are recently emerged in major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder related gene DNA methylation.Methods We retrievaled related articles from databases,such as PUBMED,Foreign medical information resources retrieval platform,CNKI,Wanfang database,ect,from 2013-06 to 2015-01.Index strategy TI:[depression OR bipolar disorder OR affective disorder] AND All field:DNA methylation.Reading and narrowing the scope of the articles,the experimental design was understanded,such as DNA from either blood cell or brain parenchyma of sample,methods of methylation detection,gene detected and methylation position,etc.The articles included 168 in English and 32 in Chinese.The whole and retained the articles were red about MDD and bipolar disorder related gene DNA methylation in recent five years.Results Eventually,the article includes 29 articles and two of in Chinese.Most of them are receptor gene epigenetics research associated with disease.Conclusion MDD and bipolar disorder are associated with the higher of DNA methylation levels in multiple gene promoter region,such as GR,BDNF,5-HTR,SLC6A4 and the lower of COMT.This article only from the perspective of affective disorder reviewed the relationship between DNA methylation and diseases.None of other diseases epigenetics research,there is to be perfected in future.

Objective to investigate the effect of berberine on the expression of AQP4 and neuronal injury after focal cerebral ischemia in diabetic rats. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:control(sham surgery),middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R),MCAO/R treated with vehicle(DMSO),MCAO/R treated with berberine. the transient focal ischemia/reperfusion was induced by in-troducing silicone-coated monofilament nylon suture from the right external carotid artery into the origin of the middle cerebral artery,which was re-moved after 60 min. In group treated with berberine,the rats were injected with berberine before and after suffered from cerebral ischemia. Similarly, in group vehicle,the animals received DMSO vehicle at the same time. the score of neurological behavior was evaluated 24 h after reperfusion. Mean-while,the rats were sacrificed for Nissl staining. to estimate cerebral edema,the wet-dry ratio was measured. the expression of AQP4 in the border of the infarct region in different groups was observed by Western blot. Results Compared with the model group,berberine improved neurological deficits(P < 0.05). Berberine treatment inhibited the neuronal deformation shown by Nissl staining(P < 0.05). Berberine significantly decreased the wet-dry ratio and reduced the expression of AQP4(P < 0.05). Conclusion these results suggested that berberine could induce neuroprotection against ischemic injury by inhibiting the expression of AQP4 in diabetic rats.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Xuefurong capsules,the traditional Chinese medicine for invigorating the kidney,on sexual function and expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS) in paraventricular nucleus(PVN) in adult castrated SD rats.Methods The male castrated rat model was made and three days after operation the liquid of Xuefurong capsules(5 mg/kg) was given by intragastric administration once a day for 28 days.The sexual function was observed and the nNOS expression in PVN was detected by using ABC immunohistochemical method.The number,area and gray degree of nNOS were counted and analyzed with semi-quantitative method.Results ①Compared with that in the castrated group,the serum testosterone level increased obviously in Xuefurong group(P0.05).Conclusion Xuefurong capsules can increase the level of testosterone,enhance the sexual function of castrated rats and nNOS expression in PVN.

Objective To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in early in vivo monitoring of tumor response to cisplatin,and analyze the relationship between 18F-FDG uptake in tumor and the corresponding pathological changes.Methods Thirty VX2 rabbits were divided into 5 groups by random number table with 6 in each group,including 4 treatment groups and 1 control group.18F-FDG PET/CT were performed before and after (6,12,24 and 36 h post-injection respectively) intravenous administration of cisplatin (7 mg/kg) in the treatment groups,respectively.The control group was injected with physiological saline followed by 18F-FDG PET/CT.The ROI was drawn and the SUVmax and T/NT ratio were calculated.The tumor necrosis rate and apoptosis index were observed by histopathologic examination.Paired t test,GamesHowell test and arcuation correlation analysis were used to analyze the data.Results Significant differences were found in SUVmax and T/NT of the control group before and after injection of physiological saline (6.58±1.67 vs 9.77±2.45,52.93±3.90 vs 29.34±3.31;t=-5.480,17.593,both P＜0.05).18F-FDG uptake decreased after 6 h post-injection of cisplatin,with the mean SUVmax decrease rate of (11.83±8.89) ％ and the mean T/NT decrease rate of (59.00±8.22)％.In the 24 h treatment group,18F-FDG uptake decreased most,and the mean SUVmax decrease rate was (42.33±33.80)％,the mean T/NT decrease rate was (83.50± 7.69) ％.The SUVmax and T/NT of those 2 groups were significantly different from those of the control group,and no difference was found between the 2 treatment groups(all P＜0.05).The changes of SUVmax and T/NT were positively correlated with apoptosis index and tumor necrosis rate (r=0.750,0.794,0.804,0.874,all P＜0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT is a sensitive method for monitoring early response to tumor chemotherapy in VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits at 24 h after treatment.

Objective To investigate the characteristic sonographic and pathological features of breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) without microcalcifications on mammography (MG).Methods Forty cases of DCIS without microcalcifications on MG were retrospectively reviewed.The 40 lesions were classified into mass and non-mass groups according to their sonographic findings.The pathological subtypes and nuclear grades of these cases were also analyzed.Fisher exact test was used to compare the differences of the sonographic accuracy rate,sonographic microcalcification rate,pathological nuclear grade and subtype rate between mass and non-mass groups.Results No abnormal finding was found in sixteen cases (40.0％)on MG and only one case (2.5％) on ultrasonography (US),respectively.The most common sonographic feature of DCIS without microcalcifications on MG were masses (75.0％,30/40),and other sonographic findings were round/oval and irregular shape,microlobulated margin,heterogeneous hypoechogenicity and isoechogenicity,and posterior acoustic feature.Ductal dilatations and heterogeneous isoechogenicity were present in most non-mass lesions of DCIS without microcalcifications on MG (22.5％,9/40).The ultrasonographic microcalcifications were found in 5 cases of DCIS without microcalcifications on MG.The common pathological features of DCIS without microcalcifications on MG were medium-low nuclear grade (85.0％,34/40) and noncomedo (87.5％,35/40).The difference of US accuracy rate in mass and non-mass groups was statistically significant [73.3％ (22/30) vs 33.3％ (3/9),P=0.047].The differences of US microcalcification rate,pathological subtype and nuclear grade were not significant (P=1.000,0.070).Conclusions The mass appearance and medium-low nuclear grade were most common sonographic findings and pathological features of DCIS without microcalcifications on MG.Ultrasonography should be an helpful tool for improving the diagnostic sensitivity ofmammography in breast DCIS.

Objective To investigate the clinical therapeutic effect of mild hypothermia in elderly patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods 72 cases of elderly patients with severe traumatic brain injury(GCS ≤ 8) were divided into mild hypothermia therapy group(36 patients)and control group(36 patients) according to the random number table method.Mild hypothermia therapy group received mild hypothermia treatment while control group received normal treatment.The clinical prognosis was analyzed between the two groups.Results After 24h treatment,both mild hypothermia therapy group and control group intracranial pressure began to rise.But the intracranial pressure of the mild hypothermia therapy group(24 h:(13.0±4.5)mmHg,3 d:(16.6±4.0) mmHg,5 d:(19.9±3.9) mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) were significantly lower than those of the control group (24 h:(16.6± 3.8) mmHg,3 d:(20.4±4.8) mmHg;5 d:(24.1 ± 6.2) mmHg),and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.225,2.260,2.192,P=0.035,0.033,0.039).The rate of good recovery to the control group and the mild hypothermia therapy group were 22.22％ and 47.22％ respectively while the mortality were 30.56％ and 13.89％ respectively,and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =4.936,5.675,P=0.047,0.035).Conclusion Mild hypothermia treatment can inhibit the increase of intracranial pressure and reduce disability rate and mortality in elderly patients with severe traumatic brain injury,which can increase the survival rate and improve the long-term prognosis.

Objective To investigate the medication safety and relevant influence factors among the elderly with chronic diseases,to improve the safety of the elderly medication,and provide the theory basis for the rational use of drugs.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted on 452 elderly outpatients with chronic diseases using self-designed questionnaire.Results 21.7％ (98/452) of the elderly took seven or more drugs.The incidence of adverse drug reactions was 38.4％ (174/452).The prevalence in the top three were cardiovascular disease [61.3％ (277/452)],diabetes [53.5％ (242/452)],and lung disease [42.0％ (190/452)].Old people had unsafe medication behaviors including missing medication,stopping medication on their own,increased or reduced dosages of medicine and taking overdue medication,and so on.Logistic regression analysis showed that the main influence factors of medication safety were age,previous occupation,educational level,monthly household income per capita,medication time,the source of drugs and whether received medication safety health education (P＜0.05).Conclusions Relative lack of safety knowledge,wrong cognition and behaviors exist in the elderly.It is worthy of paying attention to adverse drug reactions and hidden dangers of the elderly.

Objective To analyze the effect of autologous bone marrow stem cells transplantation in treatment of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Methodls Seventy-eight patients (aged from 26 to 67) with decompensated cirrhosis, including 56 with hepatitis B, 21 with alcoholic cirrhosis and 1 with schistosomial cirrhosis, were included. Bone marrow was aspirated from poster superior spine. After isolation and purification, the stem cells were transplanted into liver via hepatic artery. The liver function, laboratory parameters and Child-Tureotte-Pugh scores were evaluated in 2,4 and 8 weeks after transplantation. Results At the 4th week after transplantation, the level of albumin was increased obviously from (32.9±5.58) g/L to (38.32±6.45) g/L,whereas the alanine aminotransferase was decreased from (96.92±83.91) U/L to (73.48±18.46)U/L. It was revealed that the prothrombin time was decreased from (16.66±3.91) s to (15.52±3.35) s and fibronegen increased from (2. 22 ± 0. 88) g/L to (2. 58±0. 88) g/L. After transplantation, appetite was improved in 72 cases (92.3%), ascites was decreased in 70 cases (89.7%) and abdomen distention was ameliorated in 68 cases (87.2%). There was no complications related to the transplantation. Conclusion Transplantation of autologous bone marrow stem cells is a safe and effective method in treatment of patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the embryotoxicity of alkaloids in Senecionis Scandentis Hebra on in vitro cultured mouse embryos. Mouse whole embryo culture (WEC) was applied in this study. Post-implantation (8.5 d) mouse embryos were isolated from their mothers, and cultured in medium of immediately centrifuged serum (ICS) with different concentrations of seneciphylline (target concentrations were 100, 50, 25 and 12.5 μg x mL(-1)) or senkirkine (target concentrations were 50, 25 and 12.5 μg x mL(-1)) for 48 h. After culturing completed, the development and organic morphodifferentiation of the cultured embryos were evaluated microscopically. Treatment with seneciphylline and senkirkine had adverse effects on the development and organic morphodifferentiation of embryos. The effect also had clear dose-response. Alkaloidals in Senecionis Scandentis Hebra had embryotoxicity on cultured embryos, which indicated that pregnant people exposed to Senecionis Scandentis Hebra may get potential risk on fetus.